UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
FORM 10-K
 
☒	ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934	
For the fiscal year ended January 1, 2017
Commission file number 0-9286

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	 	56-0950585	
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)	 	(I.R.S. Employer
Identification Number)	
 
4100 Coca-Cola Plaza, Charlotte, North Carolina 28211
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
(704) 557-4400
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
 
Title of Each Class	 	Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered	
Common Stock, $1.00 Par Value	 	The NASDAQ Global Select Market	
 
Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.  Yes  ☐    No  ☒
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.  Yes  ☐    No  ☒
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes  ☒    No  ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).  Yes  ☒    No  ☐
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  ☒
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
 
Large accelerated filer	☐	 	Accelerated filer	☒	
Non-accelerated filer	☐	 	Smaller reporting company	☐	
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes  ☐    No  ☒
State the aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the price at which the common equity was last sold, or the average bid and asked price of such common equity, as of the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter. 
 
 	 	Market Value as of July 1, 2016	
Common Stock, $l.00 Par Value	 	$674,640,784	
Class B Common Stock, $l.00 Par Value	 	*	
 
*No market exists for the Class B Common Stock, which is neither registered under Section 12 of the Act nor subject to Section 15(d) of the Act. The Class B Common Stock is convertible into Common Stock on a share-for-share basis at the option of the holder.
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the registrant's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
 
Class	 	Outstanding as of February 26, 2017	
Common Stock, $1.00 Par Value	 	7,141,447	
Class B Common Stock, $1.00 Par Value	 	2,171,702	
 
Documents Incorporated by Reference
 
 Portions of the registrant’s Proxy Statement to be filed pursuant to Section 14 of the Exchange Act with respect to the registrant’s 2017 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.	Part III, Items 10-14	

 

 
Table of Contents
 
 	 	 	 	Page	
 	 	 	 	 	
Part I	
 	 	 	 	 	
Item 1.	 	Business	 	3	
Item 1A.	 	Risk Factors	 	17	
Item 1B.	 	Unresolved Staff Comments	 	23	
Item 2.	 	Properties	 	24	
Item 3.	 	Legal Proceedings	 	25	
Item 4.	 	Mine Safety Disclosures	 	25	
 	 	Executive Officers of the Company	 	26	
 	 	 	 	 	
Part II	
 	 	 	 	 	
Item 5.	 	Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities	 	28	
Item 6.	 	Selected Financial Data	 	30	
Item 7.	 	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	 	31	
Item 7A.	 	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	 	61	
Item 8.	 	Financial Statements and Supplementary Data	 	63	
Item 9.	 	Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure	 	119	
Item 9A.	 	Controls and Procedures	 	119	
Item 9B.	 	Other Information	 	119	
 	 	 	 	 	
Part III	
 	 	 	 	 	
Item 10.	 	Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance	 	120	
Item 11.	 	Executive Compensation	 	120	
Item 12.	 	Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters	 	120	
Item 13.	 	Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence	 	120	
Item 14.	 	Principal Accountant Fees and Services	 	120	
 	 	 	 	 	
Part IV	
 	 	 	 	 	
Item 15.	 	Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules	 	121	
Item 16.	 	Form 10-K Summary	 	127	
 	 	Signatures	 	129	
 
2

 
PART I
 
Item 1.	Business	
 
Introduction
 
Coca‑Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated, a Delaware corporation (together with its majority-owned subsidiaries, the “Company,” “we,” “our” or “us”), produces, markets and distributes nonalcoholic beverages. The Company was incorporated in 1980 and, together with its predecessors, has been in the nonalcoholic beverage manufacturing and distribution business since 1902. We are the largest independent Coca‑Cola bottler in the United States. More than 85% of our total bottle/can volume to retail customers consist of products of The Coca‑Cola Company which include some of the most recognized and popular beverage brands in the world. We also distribute products for several other beverage brands including Dr Pepper, Sundrop and Monster Energy. Our purpose is to honor God, serve others, pursue excellence and grow profitably. Our stock is traded on the NASDAQ exchange under the symbol “COKE.”
 
Ownership
 
As of January 1, 2017, The Coca‑Cola Company owned approximately 35% of the Company’s total outstanding Common Stock, representing approximately 5% of the total voting power of the Company’s combined Common Stock and Class B Common Stock. As long as The Coca‑Cola Company holds the number of shares of Common Stock that it currently owns, it has the right to have a designee proposed by the Company for nomination to the Company’s Board of Directors, and J. Frank Harrison, III, the Chairman of the Board and the Chief Executive Officer of the Company, and trustees of certain trusts established for the benefit of certain relatives of J. Frank Harrison, Jr. have agreed to vote the shares of the Company’s Class B Common Stock which they control in favor of such designee. The Coca‑Cola Company does not own any shares of Class B Common Stock of the Company. J. Frank Harrison III, the Chairman of the Board and the Chief Executive Officer of the Company, owns shares of Common Stock and Class B Common Stock representing approximately 86% of the total voting power of the Company’s combined Common Stock and Class B Common Stock.
 
Beverage Products
 
We offer a range of flavors designed to meet the demands of our consumers. Our product offerings include both sparkling and still beverages. Sparkling beverages are carbonated beverages and the Company’s principal sparkling beverage is Coca‑Cola. Still beverages include energy products and noncarbonated beverages such as bottled water, tea, ready to drink coffee, enhanced water, juices and sports drinks.
 
There are two main categories of sales, which include bottle/can sales and other sales. Bottle/can sales include products packaged in plastic bottles and aluminum cans. Other sales include sales to other Coca‑Cola bottlers and “post-mix” products. Post-mix products are dispensed through equipment that mixes the fountain syrup with carbonated or still water, enabling fountain retailers to sell finished products to consumers in cups or glasses.
 
Bottle/can sales represented approximately 84%, 82% and 80% of total net sales for fiscal 2016 (“2016”), fiscal 2015 (“2015”) and fiscal 2014 (“2014”), respectively. The sparkling beverage category represented approximately 66%, 70% and 76% of total bottle/can sales during 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively.
 
The following table sets forth some of our most important products, including products The Coca‑Cola Company and other beverage companies have licensed to us.
 
The Coca-Cola Company Products	 	Beverage Products Licensed	
Sparkling Beverages	 	Still Beverages	 	by Other Beverage Companies	
Barqs Root Beer	 	Fanta Flavors	 	Core Power	 	Honest Tea	 	Diet Dr Pepper	
Cherry Coke	 	Fresca	 	Dasani	 	Minute Maid Adult Refreshments	 	Dr Pepper	
Cherry Coke Zero	 	Mello Yello	 	Dasani Flavors	 	Minute Maid Juices To Go	 	Full Throttle	
Coca-Cola	 	Minute Maid Sparkling	 	FUZE	 	POWERade	 	Monster Energy products	
Coca-Cola Life	 	Pibb Xtra	 	glacéau fruitwater	 	POWERade Zero	 	NOS®	
Coca-Cola Vanilla	 	Seagrams Ginger Ale	 	glacéau smartwater	 	Tum-E Yummies	 	Peace Tea	
Coca-Cola Zero	 	Sprite	 	glacéau vitaminwater	 	Yup Milk	 	Sundrop	
Dasani Sparkling	 	Sprite Zero	 	Gold Peak Tea	 	ZICO	 	 	
Diet Coke	 	TAB	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Diet Coke Splenda®	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 
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Territories
 
We are the largest independent Coca‑Cola bottler in the United States, distributing products in 16 states. Historically, our operational footprint included markets located in North Carolina, South Carolina, south Alabama, south Georgia, central Tennessee, western Virginia and West Virginia (the “Legacy Territories”).
 
As part of The Coca‑Cola Company’s plans to refranchise its North American bottling territories, the Company has engaged in a series of transactions since April 2013 with The Coca‑Cola Company and Coca‑Cola Refreshments USA, Inc. (“CCR”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of The Coca‑Cola Company, to significantly expand the Company’s distribution and manufacturing operations. This expansion includes acquisition of the rights to serve additional distribution territories previously served by CCR (the “Expansion Territories”) and of related distribution assets (the “Distribution Territory Expansion Transactions”), as well as the acquisition of regional manufacturing facilities (“Regional Manufacturing Facilities”) and related manufacturing assets previously owned by CCR (the “Manufacturing Facility Expansion Transactions” and, together with the Distribution Territory Expansion Transactions, the “Expansion Transactions”).
 
The Company’s rights to distribute and market beverage products of The Coca‑Cola Company in the Expansion Territories are governed by a Comprehensive Beverage Agreement, as defined below, entered into at each closing for Expansion Territories and are different from the rights we hold under agreements with The Coca‑Cola Company to serve the markets located in the Legacy Territories. The Company is authorized to manufacture beverages bearing trademarks of The Coca‑Cola Company using cold-fill technology at the Regional Manufacturing Facilities pursuant to a Regional Manufacturing Agreement, as defined below, entered into at each closing of a Manufacturing Facility Expansion Transaction. The Company has acquired the following Expansion Territories and Regional Manufacturing Facilities as of January 1, 2017:
 
Expansion Territories	 	Acquisition /
Exchange Date	
Johnson City and Morristown, Tennessee(1)	 	May 23, 2014	
Knoxville, Tennessee(1)	 	October 24, 2014	
Cleveland and Cookeville, Tennessee(2)	 	January 30, 2015	
Louisville, Kentucky and Evansville, Indiana(2)	 	February 27, 2015	
Paducah and Pikeville, Kentucky(2)	 	May 1, 2015	
Lexington, Kentucky for Jackson, Tennessee Exchange(2)	 	May 1, 2015	
Norfolk, Fredericksburg and Staunton, Virginia and Elizabeth City, North Carolina(2)	 	October 30, 2015	
Annapolis, Maryland Make-Ready Center(2)	 	October 30, 2015	
Easton and Salisbury, Maryland and Richmond and Yorktown, Virginia(3)	 	January 29, 2016	
Alexandria, Virginia and Capitol Heights and La Plata, Maryland(3)	 	April 1, 2016	
Baltimore, Hagerstown and Cumberland, Maryland(3)	 	April 29, 2016	
Cincinnati, Dayton, Lima and Portsmouth, Ohio and Louisa, Kentucky(3)	 	October 28, 2016	
 	 	 	
Regional Manufacturing Facilities	 	Acquisition Date	
Sandston, Virginia(3)	 	January 29, 2016	
Silver Spring and Baltimore, Maryland(3)	 	April 29, 2016	
Cincinnati, Ohio(3)	 	October 28, 2016	
 
(1) Collectively, the 2014 Expansion Territories.
(2) Collectively, the 2015 Expansion Territories.
(3) Collectively, the 2016 Expansion Transactions.
 
4

 
2016 Letters of Intent for Additional Expansion Transactions
 
In February 2016, the Company entered into a non-binding letter of intent (the “February 2016 LOI”) with The Coca‑Cola Company to provide exclusive distribution rights for the Company in the following major markets: Akron, Elyria, Toledo, Willoughby, and Youngstown County in Ohio. Pursuant to the February 2016 LOI, CCR would:
 
 	(i)	grant the Company exclusive rights for the distribution, promotion, marketing and sale of The Coca‑Cola Company-owned and -licensed products in additional territories served by CCR in northern Ohio;	

 	(ii)	sell the Company certain assets that included rights to distribute those cross-licensed brands distributed in the territories by CCR as well as the assets used by CCR in the distribution of the cross-licensed brands and The Coca‑Cola Company brands; and	

 	(iii)	sell to the Company an additional Regional Manufacturing Facility currently owned by CCR located in Twinsburg, Ohio and related manufacturing assets.	
 
In June 2016, the Company entered into a non-binding letter of intent (the “CCR June 2016 LOI”) with The Coca‑Cola Company to provide exclusive distribution rights for the Company in the following major markets:  Little Rock, West Memphis and southern Arkansas; Memphis, Tennessee; and Louisa, Kentucky. Pursuant to the CCR June 2016 LOI, CCR would:
 
 	(i)	grant the Company exclusive rights for the distribution, promotion, marketing and sale of The Coca‑Cola Company-owned and –licensed products in additional territories in northeastern Kentucky and southwestern West Virginia served by CCR’s distribution center in Louisa, Kentucky;	

 	(ii)	sell the Company certain assets that included rights to distribute those cross-licensed brands distributed in the territories by CCR as well as the assets used by CCR in the distribution of the cross-licensed brands and The Coca‑Cola Company brands; and	

 	(iii)	transfer exclusive rights and associated distribution assets and working capital for territory in parts of Arkansas, southwestern Tennessee and northwestern Mississippi and two additional Regional Manufacturing Facilities located in Memphis, Tennessee and West Memphis, Arkansas currently owned by CCR in exchange for territory in southern Alabama, southern Mississippi and southern Georgia and a Regional Manufacturing Facility in Mobile, Alabama currently owned by the Company. The exchange includes rights to the distribution, promotion, marketing and sale of The Coca‑Cola Company-owned and –licensed products and certain cross-licensed brands in each territory and related manufacturing assets.	
 
In June 2016, the Company entered into a non-binding letter of intent with Coca‑Cola Bottling Company United, Inc. (“United”), an independent bottler that is unrelated to the Company (the “United June 2016 LOI”). Pursuant to this letter of intent, United would transfer exclusive rights and associated distribution assets and working capital in certain territory in and around Spartanburg and Bluffton, South Carolina, currently served by United’s distribution centers located in Spartanburg, South Carolina and Savannah, Georgia, in exchange for certain territory in south-central Tennessee, northwest Alabama and northwest Florida currently served by the Company’s distribution centers located in Florence, Alabama and Panama City, Florida. The exchange includes rights to the distribution, promotion, marketing and sale of The Coca‑Cola Company–owned and –licensed products and certain cross-licensed brands in each territory.
 
The Company is continuing to work towards a definitive agreement or agreements with The Coca‑Cola Company and CCR for the proposed Expansion Transactions described in the February 2016 LOI and the CCR June 2016 LOI. The Company is also continuing to work towards a definitive agreement or agreements with United for the proposed transactions described in the United June 2016 LOI.
 
National Product Supply Governance Agreement (the “NPSG Governance Agreement”)
 
The NPSG Governance Agreement was executed in October 2015 by The Coca‑Cola Company and Regional Producing Bottlers in The Coca‑Cola Company’s national product supply system. Pursuant to the NPSG Governance Agreement, The Coca‑Cola Company and the Regional Producing Bottlers (“RPBs”) have formed a national product supply group (the “NPSG”) and agreed to certain binding governance mechanisms, including a governing board (the “NPSG Board”) comprised of a representative of (i) the Company, (ii) The Coca‑Cola Company and (iii) each other RPB. As The Coca‑Cola Company continues its multi-year refranchising effort over its North American bottling territories, additional RPBs will be added to the NPSG Board. As of January 2017, the NPSG Board consisted of the Company, The Coca‑Cola‑Company and five other RPBs, including CCR.
 
The stated objectives of the NPSG include, among others, (i) Coca‑Cola system strategic infrastructure investment and divestment planning; (ii) network optimization of all plant to distribution center sourcing; and (iii) new product/packaging infrastructure planning. The NPSG Board makes and/or oversees and directs certain key decisions regarding the NPSG, including decisions regarding the management and staffing of the NPSG and the funding for the ongoing operations of the NPSG. The Company is obligated to pay a
5

 
certain portion of the costs of operating the NPSG. Pursuant to the decisions of the NPSG Board made from time to time and subject to the terms and conditions of the NPSG Governance Agreement, the Company and each other RPB will make investments in their respective manufacturing assets and will implement Coca‑Cola system strategic investment opportunities that are consistent with the NPSG Governance Agreement.
 
CONA Services LLC (“CONA”)
 
The Company is a member of CONA, an entity formed with The Coca‑Cola Company and certain Coca‑Cola bottlers to provide business process and information technology services to its members. The Company is subject to a Master Services Agreement (the “Master Services Agreement”) with CONA, pursuant to which CONA agreed to make available, and the Company became authorized to use, the Coke One North America system (the “CONA System”), a uniform information technology system developed to promote operational efficiency and uniformity among North American Coca‑Cola bottlers. As part of making the CONA System available to the Company, CONA provides certain business process and information technology services to the Company, including the planning, development, management and operation of the CONA System in connection with the Company’s direct store delivery of products (collectively, the “CONA Services”).
 
Under the CONA limited liability agreement executed January 27, 2016 (as amended or restated from time to time, the “CONA LLC Agreement”), the Company and other members of CONA are required to make capital contributions to CONA if and when approved by CONA’s board of directors, which is comprised of representatives of the members. The Company currently has the right to designate one of the members of CONA’s board of directors and has a percentage interest in CONA of approximately 19%.
 
Pursuant to the Master Services Agreement, CONA agreed to make available, and authorized the Company to use, the CONA System in connection with the distribution, sale, marketing and promotion of nonalcoholic beverages the Company is authorized to distribute under its comprehensive beverage agreements or any other agreement with The Coca‑Cola Company (the “Beverages”) in the territories the Company serves (the “Territories”), subject to the provisions of the CONA LLC Agreement and any licenses or other agreements relating to products or services provided by third-parties and used in connection with the CONA System.
 
In exchange for the Company’s right to use the CONA System and right to receive the CONA Services under the Master Services Agreement, the Company is charged quarterly service fees by CONA based on the number of physical cases of Beverages distributed by the Company during the applicable period in the Territories where the CONA Services have been implemented (the “Service Fees”). Upon the earlier of (i) all members of CONA beginning to use the CONA System in all territories in which they distribute products of The Coca‑Cola Company (excluding certain territories of CCR that are expected to be sold to bottlers that are neither members of CONA nor users of the CONA System), or (ii) December 31, 2018, the Service Fees will be changed to be an amount per physical case of Beverages distributed in any portion of the Territories equal to the aggregate costs incurred by CONA to maintain and operate the CONA System and provide the CONA Services divided by the total number of cases distributed by all of the members of CONA, subject to certain exceptions. The Company is obligated to pay the Service Fees under the Master Services Agreement even if it is not using the CONA System for all or any portion of its operations in the Territories.
 
Beverage Agreements for Legacy Territories
 
We hold numerous contracts with The Coca‑Cola Company which entitle us to produce, market and distribute The Coca‑Cola Company’s nonalcoholic beverages in bottles, cans and five gallon pressurized pre-mix containers in the Legacy Territories. We have similar arrangements with Dr Pepper Snapple Group, Inc., and other beverage companies for the Legacy Territories.
 
We purchase concentrates from The Coca‑Cola Company to produce, market and distribute its principal sparkling beverages in the Legacy Territories under two basic forms of beverage agreements with The Coca‑Cola Company:
 
 	(i)	beverage agreements for sparkling beverages bearing the trademark “Coca‑Cola” or “Coke” (the “Coca‑Cola Trademark Beverages” and “Cola Beverage Agreements”), and	

 	(ii)	beverage agreements for other sparkling beverages of The Coca‑Cola Company (the “Allied Beverages” and “Allied Beverage Agreements” or collectively referred to as the “Cola and Allied Beverage Agreements”).	
 
The Company is subject to Cola Beverage Agreements and Allied Beverage Agreements for various specified Legacy Territories.
 
We also purchase finished goods and distribute certain still beverages, such as sports drinks and juice drinks, from The Coca‑Cola Company or its designees or joint ventures, and produce, market and distribute Dasani water products, pursuant to the terms of marketing and distribution agreements applicable to the Legacy Territories (the “Still Beverage Agreements”).
 
6

 
Cola Beverage Agreements with The Coca‑Cola Company
 
The Cola Beverage Agreements for the Legacy Territories provide that we will purchase our entire requirements of concentrates or syrups for Coca‑Cola Trademark Beverages from The Coca‑Cola Company at prices, terms of payment, and other terms and conditions of supply determined from time-to-time by The Coca‑Cola Company at its sole discretion and prohibit us from producing, distributing, or handling cola products other than those of The Coca‑Cola Company. We have the exclusive right to manufacture and distribute Coca‑Cola Trademark Beverages for sale in authorized containers in the Legacy Territories. The Coca‑Cola Company may determine, at its sole discretion, what types of containers are authorized for use with its products. The Company may not sell Coca‑Cola Trademark Beverages outside the Legacy Territories except by agreement with The Coca‑Cola Company.
 
Pursuant to the Cola Beverage Agreements, we are obligated, among other things, to:
 
 	•	maintain such plant and equipment, staff and distribution and vending facilities capable of manufacturing, packaging and distributing Coca‑Cola Trademark Beverages in accordance with the Cola Beverage Agreements and in sufficient quantities to fully satisfy the demand for these beverages in the Legacy Territories;	

 	•	undertake quality control measures and maintain sanitation standards prescribed by The Coca‑Cola Company;	

 	•	develop, stimulate and fully satisfy the demand for Coca‑Cola Trademark Beverages in the Legacy Territories, and use all approved means and spend such funds on advertising and other forms of marketing as may be reasonably required to satisfy that objective; and	

 	•	maintain such sound financial capacity as may be reasonably necessary to ensure the performance of our obligations to The Coca‑Cola Company.	
 
We are required to meet annually with The Coca‑Cola Company to present our marketing, management and advertising plans for the Coca‑Cola Trademark Beverages for the upcoming year, including financial plans to evidence we have the consolidated financial capacity to perform our duties and obligations to The Coca‑Cola Company. The Coca‑Cola Company may not unreasonably withhold approval of such plans. If we carry out these plans in all material respects, we will be considered to have satisfied our obligations to develop, stimulate, and fully satisfy the demand for the Coca‑Cola Trademark Beverages and to maintain the requisite financial capacity for the period of time covered by the plan.
 
Failure to carry out such plans in all material respects would constitute an event of default that, if not cured within 120 days of written notice of the failure, would give The Coca‑Cola Company the right to terminate the Cola Beverage Agreements. If at any time we fail to carry out a plan in all material respects in any geographic segment of the Legacy Territories, as defined by The Coca‑Cola Company, and such failure is not cured within six months of written notice of the failure, The Coca‑Cola Company may reduce the territory covered by that Cola Beverage Agreement by eliminating the portion of the territory in which such failure has occurred.
 
The Coca‑Cola Company has no obligation under the Cola Beverage Agreements to participate with us in expenditures for advertising and marketing. As it has in the past, The Coca‑Cola Company may contribute to such expenditures and undertake independent advertising and marketing activities, as well as advertising and sales promotion programs which require our mutual cooperation and financial support. The future levels of marketing funding support and promotional funds provided by The Coca‑Cola Company may vary materially from the levels provided in prior years.
 
If we acquire control, directly or indirectly, of any bottler of Coca‑Cola Trademark Beverages, or any party controlling a bottler of Coca‑Cola Trademark Beverages, we must cause the acquired bottler to amend its agreement for the Coca‑Cola Trademark Beverages to conform to the terms of the Cola Beverage Agreements.
 
The Cola Beverage Agreements are perpetual, subject to termination by The Coca‑Cola Company upon the occurrence of an event of default by the Company. If any Cola Beverage Agreement is terminated as a result of an event of default, The Coca‑Cola Company has the right to terminate all other Cola Beverage Agreements to which we are subject. Events of default with respect to each Cola Beverage Agreement include:
 
 	•	production, sale or ownership in any entity which produces or sells any cola product not authorized by The Coca‑Cola Company or any cola product that may be confused with or is an imitation of the trade dress, trademark, tradename or authorized container of a cola product of The Coca‑Cola Company;	

 	•	insolvency, bankruptcy, dissolution, receivership, or the like;	

 	•	any disposition by the Company of any voting securities of any bottling company subsidiary without the consent of The Coca‑Cola Company; and	

 	•	any material breach of any of our obligations under such Cola Beverage Agreement remaining unresolved for 120 days after written notice by The Coca‑Cola Company.	
7

 
 
We are prohibited from assigning, transferring or pledging our Cola Beverage Agreements or any interest therein, whether voluntarily or by operation of law, without the prior consent of The Coca‑Cola Company.
 
Allied Beverage Agreements with The Coca‑Cola Company
 
The Allied Beverage Agreements contain provisions similar to those of the Cola Beverage Agreements with respect to the sale of beverages outside the Legacy Territories, authorized containers, planning, quality control, transfer restrictions and related matters, but have certain significant differences from the Cola Beverage Agreements. Pursuant to the Allied Beverage Agreements, we have exclusive rights to distribute the Allied Beverages in authorized containers in specified Legacy Territories. Similar to the Cola Beverage Agreements, we have advertising, marketing, and promotional obligations. However, under the Allied Beverage Agreements, there is no restriction for most brands as to the marketing of products with similar flavors, as long as there is no manufacturing or handling of other products imitating, infringing upon, or causing confusion with, the products of The Coca‑Cola Company. The Coca‑Cola Company has the right to discontinue any or all Allied Beverages, and the Company has a right, but not an obligation, under the Allied Beverage Agreements to elect to market any new beverage introduced by The Coca‑Cola Company under the trademarks covered by the respective Allied Beverage Agreements.
 
Allied Beverage Agreements have a term of 10 years and are renewable at our option for an additional 10 years at the end of each term. We intend to renew substantially all of the Allied Beverage Agreements as they expire. The Allied Beverage Agreements are subject to termination in the event of default by the Company. The Coca‑Cola Company may terminate an Allied Beverage Agreement in the event of:
 
 	•	insolvency, bankruptcy, dissolution, receivership, or the like;	

 	•	termination of a Cola Beverage Agreement by either party for any reason; or	

 	•	any material breach of any of our obligations under such Allied Beverage Agreement remaining unresolved for 120 days after required prior written notice by The Coca‑Cola Company.	
 
Supplementary Agreement Relating to Cola and Allied Beverage Agreements
 
The Company and The Coca‑Cola Company are parties to a Letter Agreement (the “Supplementary Agreement”) that supplements or modifies some provisions of the Cola and Allied Beverage Agreements. The Supplementary Agreement provides that The Coca‑Cola Company will:
 
 	•	exercise good faith and fair dealing in its relationship with us under the Cola and Allied Beverage Agreements;	

 	•	offer marketing funding support and exercise its rights under the Cola and Allied Beverage Agreements in a manner consistent with its dealings with comparable bottlers;	

 	•	offer to us any written amendment to the Cola and Allied Beverage Agreements, except amendments dealing with transfer of ownership, which it enters into with any other bottler in the United States subject to contracts substantially similar to the Cola and Allied Beverage Agreements; and	

 	•	subject to certain limited exceptions, sell syrups and concentrates to us at prices no greater than those charged to other bottlers subject to contracts substantially similar to the Cola and Allied Beverage Agreements.	
 
The Supplementary Agreement also permits transfers of our capital stock otherwise limited by the Cola and Allied Beverage Agreements.
 
Impact of Territory Conversion Agreement on Cola and Allied Beverage Agreements
 
Nearly all of our Cola and Allied Beverage Agreements are subject to being amended, restated and converted into a Final CBA (as described below) pursuant to the Territory Conversion Agreement described below, as disclosed in the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on September 28, 2015.
 
Pricing of Coca‑Cola Trademark Beverages and Allied Beverages
 
In accordance with the Cola and Allied Beverage Agreements, except as provided in the Supplementary Agreement and in incidence-based pricing agreements, The Coca‑Cola Company establishes the prices charged to the Company for concentrates of Coca‑Cola Trademark Beverages and Allied Beverages. The Coca‑Cola Company has no rights under the beverage agreements to establish the resale prices at which we sell its products.
 
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Purchases of concentrate for all sparkling beverages from The Coca‑Cola Company are governed by incidence-based pricing arrangements, which are generally entered into for one- or two-year terms. Under the incidence-based pricing model, the concentrate price charged to us by The Coca‑Cola Company is impacted by a number of factors, including the incidence rate in effect, our pricing and sales of finished products, the channels in which the finished products are sold and package mix.
 
During the one-year term of our incidence-based pricing agreement that ended on December 31, 2016, the pricing of such concentrate was governed by the incidence-based pricing model rather than the Cola and Allied Beverage Agreements for the Legacy Territories. Beginning January 1, 2017, incidence-based pricing is governed by the Expanding Participating Bottler Revenue Incidence Agreement entered into with The Coca-Cola Company on September 23, 2015, as disclosed in the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on September 28, 2015.
 
Still Beverage Agreements with The Coca‑Cola Company
 
The Still Beverage Agreements for the Legacy Territories contain provisions that are similar to the Cola and Allied Beverage Agreements with respect to authorized containers, planning, quality control, transfer restrictions and related matters, but have certain material differences. Unlike the Cola and Allied Beverage Agreements, which grant us exclusivity in the distribution of the covered beverages in the Legacy Territories, the Still Beverage Agreements grant exclusivity but permit The Coca‑Cola Company to test-market the still beverage products in the Legacy Territories, subject to our right of first refusal, and to sell the still beverages to commissaries for delivery to retail outlets in the Legacy Territories where still beverages are consumed on-premises, such as restaurants. The Coca‑Cola Company must pay us certain fees for lost volume, delivery, and taxes in the event of such commissary sales.
 
Approved alternative route to market projects undertaken by the Company, The Coca‑Cola Company, and other bottlers of Coca‑Cola products would, in some instances, permit delivery of certain products of The Coca‑Cola Company into the territories of almost all bottlers, in exchange for compensation in most circumstances, despite the terms of the beverage agreements making such territories exclusive. Also, under the Still Beverage Agreements for the Legacy Territories, we may not sell other beverages in the same product category.
 
The Coca‑Cola Company, at its sole discretion, establishes the prices we must pay for the still beverages purchased as finished goods or, in the case of Dasani, the concentrate or finished goods, but has agreed, under certain circumstances for some products, to give the benefit of more favorable pricing if such pricing is offered to other bottlers of Coca‑Cola products.
 
Each Still Beverage Agreement for the Legacy Territories has a term of 10 or 15 years and is renewable at our option for an additional 10 years at the end of each term. We intend to renew substantially all of the Still Beverage Agreements as they expire.
 
Nearly all of our Still Beverage Agreements are subject to amendment, restatement and conversion into a Final CBA pursuant to the Territory Conversion Agreement, as discussed below.
 
Other Beverage Agreements with The Coca‑Cola Company
 
We have entered into a distribution agreement with Energy Brands, Inc. (“Energy Brands”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of The Coca‑Cola Company. Energy Brands, also known as glacéau, is a producer and distributor of branded enhanced water products including vitaminwater and smartwater, which are still beverage products. The agreement has a term of 10 years and automatically renews for succeeding 10-year terms, subject to a 12-month non-renewal notification by the Company. The agreement covers most of the Legacy Territories, requires us to distribute Energy Brands enhanced water products exclusively, and permits Energy Brands to distribute the products in some channels within the Legacy Territories. Nearly all of our agreements with Energy Brands are subject to amendment, restatement and conversion into a Final CBA pursuant to the Territory Conversion Agreement, as discussed below.
 
In June 2016, we entered into an agreement with The Coca‑Cola Company and CCR which authorizes us to market, promote, distribute and sell glacéau vitaminwater, glacéau smartwater and glacéau vitaminwater zero drops in certain geographic territories including the District of Columbia and portions of Delaware, Maryland and Virginia, beginning on January 1, 2017. This authorization shall remain valid and effective as long as the Company’s authorization to distribute such products in any other portions of its Legacy Territories remains in full force and effect under applicable bottling agreements. Pursuant to the agreement, the Company made a payment to The Coca‑Cola Company of $15.6 million on February 16, 2017, which represented a portion of the total payment made by The Coca‑Cola Company to terminate a distribution arrangement with a prior distributor in this territory.
 
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We also sell Coca‑Cola and other post-mix products of The Coca‑Cola Company on a non-exclusive basis. The Coca‑Cola Company establishes the prices charged to us for its post-mix products. In addition, we produce some products for sale to other Coca‑Cola bottlers and CCR. These sales have lower margins but allow us to achieve higher utilization of our production equipment and facilities.
 
Beverage Agreements with Other Licensors
 
We have beverage agreements for the Legacy Territories with Dr Pepper Snapple Group, Inc. for Dr Pepper and Sundrop brands, which are similar to the Cola and Allied Beverage Agreements for the Legacy Territories. These beverage agreements are perpetual in nature but may be terminated by us upon 90 days’ notice. The price for syrup or concentrate is set by the beverage companies from time to time. These beverage agreements also contain similar restrictions on the use of trademarks, approved bottles, cans and labels and sale of imitations or substitutes, as well as termination for cause provisions. We also sell post-mix products of Dr Pepper Snapple Group, Inc.
 
We have a distribution agreement with Monster Energy Company which grants us the rights to distribute energy drink products offered, packaged and/or marketed by Monster Energy Company under the primary brand name “Monster” in the same geographic territory the Company services for the distribution of beverage products of The Coca‑Cola Company.
 
The territories covered by beverage agreements with other licensors for the Legacy Territories are not always aligned with the Legacy Territories covered by the Cola and Allied Beverage Agreements but are generally within those territory boundaries. Sales of beverages by the Company under these other agreements in the Legacy Territories represented approximately 12%, 13% and 13% of our bottle/can volume to retail customers for each of 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively.
 
Beverage Agreements for Expansion Territories
 
For the Expansion Territories, the Company has rights to market and distribute The Coca‑Cola Company’s nonalcoholic beverages under Comprehensive Beverage Agreements, which do not include the right to produce such beverages. The beverage agreements pertaining to the Expansion Territories are described below under the headings “Beverage Agreements with The Coca‑Cola Company for the Expansion Territories” and “Beverage Agreements with Other Licensors for the Expansion Territories.”
 
As part of these Expansion Transactions, we have agreed, subject to certain limited exceptions, to refrain until January 1, 2020 from acquiring or developing any line of business inside or outside of our territories governed by a Comprehensive Beverage Agreement or similar agreement without the consent of The Coca-Cola Company, which consent may not be unreasonably withheld.
 
Beverage Agreements with The Coca‑Cola Company for the Expansion Territories
 
Each principal asset purchase agreement we entered into for Distribution Territory Expansion Transactions provides for us to:
 
 	(a)	purchase from CCR (i) certain rights relating to the distribution, promotion, marketing and sale of certain beverage brands not owned or licensed by The Coca‑Cola Company (“cross-licensed brands”) but then distributed by CCR in the applicable portion of the Expansion Territories and (ii) certain assets related to the distribution, promotion, marketing and sale of both The Coca‑Cola Company brands and cross-licensed brands then distributed by CCR in the applicable portion of the Expansion Territories, and	

 	(b)	assume certain liabilities and obligations of CCR relating to the business acquired.	
 
At each of the closings for the Distribution Territory Expansion Transactions, the Company, CCR and The Coca‑Cola Company have entered into a comprehensive beverage agreement (“Initial CBA”) pursuant to which CCR granted us certain exclusive rights to distribute, promote, market and sell the Covered Beverages and Related Products distinguished by the Trademarks, as those terms are defined in the Initial CBAs, in the applicable portion of the Expansion Territories in exchange for us agreeing to make a quarterly sub-bottling payment to CCR on a continuing basis.
 
As of January 1, 2017, we had recorded a liability of $253.4 million to reflect the estimated fair value of the contingent consideration related to future sub-bottling payments. Each quarter, the liability to reflect the estimated fair value of the contingent consideration related to future sub-bottling payments is adjusted to fair value. See Note 3 and Note 12 to the consolidated financial statements for additional information.
 
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Other than the brands of The Coca‑Cola Company and related products and expressly permitted existing cross-licensed brands sold in an Expansion Territory, each Initial CBA provides that we will not be permitted to produce, manufacture, prepare, package, distribute, sell, deal in or otherwise use or handle any beverages, beverage components or other beverage products in the Expansion Territory unless otherwise consented to by The Coca‑Cola Company.
 
Under the Initial CBAs, we are obligated, among other things, to:
 
 	•	make capital expenditures in our business in the Expansion Territories;	

 	•	buy exclusively from The Coca‑Cola Company (directly or through CCR or another affiliate) or an authorized supplier, all beverage and related products we are authorized to distribute;	

 	•	expend funds for marketing and promoting the beverage and related products we are authorized to distribute; and	

 	•	maintain certain financial capacity in order to be financially able to perform our obligations under the Initial CBAs.	
 
Each Initial CBA has a term of ten years and is automatically renewed for successive additional terms of ten years each unless we give notice to terminate at least one year prior to the expiration of a ten year term. The Initial CBA is subject to customary termination provisions by The Coca‑Cola Company, including the Company’s insolvency, bankruptcy or similar proceedings and cross-default with other beverage agreements.
 
Pursuant to a territory conversion agreement entered into with CCR and The Coca‑Cola Company in September 2015 (the “Territory Conversion Agreement”), we have agreed, subject to limited exceptions, to amend, restate and convert all of our Cola and Allied Beverage Agreements, Still Beverage Agreements, Initial CBAs and other bottling agreements with The Coca‑Cola Company or CCR that authorize us to produce and/or distribute certain covered beverages defined in the Initial CBAs (excluding any bottling agreements with respect to the greater Lexington, Kentucky territory we received pursuant to the Asset Exchange Transaction) to a new and final form comprehensive beverage agreement (the “Final CBA” and, together with the Initial CBAs, referred to as the “CBAs” or the “Comprehensive Beverage Agreements”) in the future.
 
The Final CBA is similar to the Initial CBA in many respects, but will include certain modifications and several new business, operational, governance and sale process provisions, including the need to obtain The Coca-Cola Company’s prior approval of a potential purchase of the Company or our aggregate businesses directly and primarily related to the marketing, promotion, distribution and sale of certain beverages of The Coca‑Cola Company. The Coca‑Cola Company will also have the right to terminate the Final CBA in the event of an uncured default by us.
 
At the time of the conversion of the bottling agreements for the Legacy Territories to the Final CBA, CCR will pay to us a fee in an amount equivalent to 0.5 times the EBITDA we generate from sales in the Legacy Territories of Beverages (as defined in the Final CBA) either (i) owned by The Coca‑Cola Company or licensed to The Coca‑Cola Company and sublicensed to us, or (ii) owned by or licensed to Monster Energy Company on which we pay, and The Coca‑Cola Company receives, a facilitation fee.
 
Beverage Agreements with Other Licensors for the Expansion Territories
 
We have a regional master license agreement for the Expansion Territories with Dr Pepper Snapple Group, Inc., for Dr Pepper brands. This agreement is generally similar to our beverage agreements with Dr Pepper Snapple Group, Inc. for the Legacy Territories, except it has a term of ten years, renewable at our option for an additional ten-year term. In addition, we also have the right under our distribution agreement with Monster Energy Company to distribute energy drink products offered, packaged and/or marketed by Monster Energy Company under the primary brand name “Monster” within the Expansion Territories.
 
Product Supply Arrangements
 
We have historically had a production arrangement with CCR to buy and sell finished products at cost. In the Distribution Territory Expansion Transactions, we continue to have, with certain exceptions, an agreement to purchase finished beverage products from CCR’s manufacturing facilities servicing customers in certain Expansion Territories at a cost-based price, subject to adjustment in accordance with our current incidence-based pricing agreement with The Coca‑Cola Company described above, as applicable to the Expansion Territory. Under certain exceptions, we may produce finished goods for our own distribution in an Expansion Territory.
 
Regional Manufacturing Agreements with The Coca‑Cola Company for the Expansion Territories
 
In 2016, the Company acquired Regional Manufacturing Facilities in Sandston, Virginia and Baltimore and Silver Spring, Maryland pursuant to the October 2015 APA. We are now authorized to manufacture beverages bearing trademarks of The Coca‑Cola Company using cold-fill technology at these Regional Manufacturing Facilities pursuant to an Initial Regional Manufacturing Agreement (“Initial RMA”). The Initial RMA refers to those beverages as “Authorized Covered Beverages.”
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Subject to the right of The Coca‑Cola Company to terminate the Initial RMA in the event of an uncured default by the Company, the Initial RMA has a term that continues for the duration of the term of our CBAs with The Coca‑Cola Company and CCR. Other than Authorized Covered Beverages, certain cross-licensed brands we are permitted to distribute under our CBAs, and certain other expressly permitted existing cross-licensed brands, the Initial RMA prohibits us from manufacturing any Beverages, Beverage Components (as such terms are defined in the form of the Initial RMA) or other beverage products at the Regional Manufacturing Facilities unless otherwise consented to by The Coca‑Cola Company.
 
Pursuant to its terms, each Initial RMA will be amended, restated and converted into a final form of regional manufacturing agreement (“Final RMA”) concurrent with the conversion of our bottling agreements to the Final CBA under the Territory Conversion Agreement. Under the Final RMA, our aggregate business directly and primarily related to the manufacture of Authorized Covered Beverages, permitted third party beverage products and other beverages and beverage products of The Coca‑Cola Company will be subject to the same agreed upon sale process provisions included in the Final CBA, including the need to obtain The Coca‑Cola Company’s prior approval of a potential purchaser of such manufacturing business. The Coca‑Cola Company will have the right to terminate the Final RMA in the event of an uncured default by us. The Final RMA also will be subject to termination by The Coca‑Cola Company in the event of an uncured default by us under the Final CBA or under the NPSG Governance Agreement.
 
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Markets Served and Production and Distribution Facilities
 
As of January 1, 2017, we currently hold bottling rights in the Legacy Territories and Expansion Territories from The Coca‑Cola Company covering 10 principal geographic markets and a total population of approximately 41.1 million. Certain information regarding each of these markets follows:
 
Geographic
Region	 	Region Includes	 	Approximate
Regional
Population	 	Production /
Distribution Facility
in Region	 	Number of Sales
Distribution
Facilities in Region	
North Carolina	 	The majority of North Carolina, including Charlotte, Raleigh, Greensboro, Winston-Salem, High Point, Hickory, Asheville, Fayetteville, Wilmington, Elizabeth City and the surrounding areas.	 	10.0 million	 	Charlotte, NC	 	12	
South Carolina	 	The majority of South Carolina, including Charleston, Columbia, Greenville, Myrtle Beach and the surrounding areas.	 	4.0 million	 	None	 	6	
Southern Alabama / Mississippi	 	A portion of southwestern Alabama, including Mobile and surrounding areas, and a portion of southeastern Mississippi.	 	1.0 million	 	Mobile, AL	 	4	
Georgia / Florida / Eastern Alabama	 	A small portion of eastern Alabama, a portion of southwestern Georgia, including Columbus and surrounding areas, and a portion of the Florida Panhandle.	 	1.2 million	 	None	 	4	
Tennessee / Northwest Alabama	 	A significant portion of central and eastern Tennessee, including Nashville, Johnson City, Morristown, Knoxville, Cleveland, Cookeville and surrounding areas and a small portion of northwest Alabama.	 	4.4 million	 	Nashville, TN	 	7	
Virginia	 	Most of the state of Virginia, including Roanoke, Norfolk, Staunton, Alexandria, Richmond, Yorktown, Fredericksburg and surrounding areas.	 	8.2 million	 	Roanoke, VA and Sandston, VA	 	9	
Maryland /
District of Columbia / Delaware	 	The entire state of Maryland, including Easton, Salisbury, Capitol Heights, La Plata, Baltimore, Hagerstown, Cumberland and surrounding areas and most of the state of Delaware.	 	2.3 million	 	Baltimore, MD and Silver Spring, MD	 	7	
West Virginia / Pennsylvania	 	Most of the state of West Virginia and a portion of southwestern Pennsylvania.	 	1.4 million	 	None	 	8	
Kentucky / Indiana / Illinois	 	A significant portion of Kentucky, including Lexington, Louisville, Paducah, Pikeville, Louisa and surrounding areas, a portion of southern Indiana, including Evansville, and a portion of southeastern Illinois.	 	5.0 million	 	None	 	5	
Ohio	 	A significant portion of Ohio, including Cincinnati, Dayton, Lima, Portsmouth and surrounding areas.	 	3.6 million	 	Cincinnati, OH	 	4	
Total	 	 	 	41.1 million	 	8	 	66	
 
During 2016, the Company entered into two non-binding letters of intent with The Coca‑Cola Company, the February 2016 LOI and the CCR June 2016 LOI, to provide exclusive distribution rights for the Company in the following major markets: Akron, Elyria, Toledo, Willoughby, and Youngstown County, Ohio; Little Rock, West Memphis and southern Arkansas; Memphis, Tennessee, and Louisa, Kentucky.
 
The Company has entered into a non-binding letter of intent with United, the United June 2016 LOI, through which United would transfer exclusive rights and associated distribution assets and working capital in certain territory in and around Spartanburg and
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Bluffton, South Carolina, currently served by United’s distribution centers located in Spartanburg, South Carolina and Savannah, Georgia, in exchange for certain territory in south-central Tennessee, northwest Alabama and northwest Florida currently served by the Company’s distribution centers located in Florence, Alabama and Panama City, Florida.
 
The Company is also a shareholder in South Atlantic Canners, Inc. (“SAC”), a manufacturing cooperative from which it is obligated to purchase 17.5 million cases of finished product on an annual basis through June 2024. SAC is located in Bishopville, South Carolina, and the Company utilizes a portion of the production capacity from the Bishopville production facility.
 
Raw Materials
 
In addition to concentrates purchased from The Coca-Cola Company and other beverage companies for use in our beverage manufacturing, we also purchase sweetener, carbon dioxide, plastic bottles, cans, closures and other packaging materials, as well as equipment for the production, distribution and marketing of nonalcoholic beverages.
 
We purchase substantially all of our plastic bottles, including the 12-ounce, 16-ounce, 20-ounce, 24-ounce, half-liter, 1-liter, 1.25-liter, 2-liter, 253 ml and 300 ml sizes, from manufacturing plants owned and operated by Southeastern Container and Western Container, two entities owned by various Coca-Cola bottlers, including the Company. We currently obtain all of our aluminum cans, including the 7.5-ounce, 12-ounce and 16-ounce sizes, from two domestic suppliers. None of the materials or supplies we use are currently in short supply.
 
Along with all other Coca-Cola bottlers in the United States, we are a member in Coca-Cola Bottlers’ Sales and Services Company, LLC (“CCBSS”), which was formed in 2003 to facilitate various procurement functions and the distribution of beverage products of The Coca-Cola Company with the intent of enhancing the efficiency and competitiveness of the Coca-Cola bottling system in the United States. CCBSS negotiates the procurement for the majority of our raw materials, excluding concentrate.
 
We are exposed to price risk on commodities such as aluminum, corn, PET resin (a petroleum-based product), and fuel which affects the cost of raw materials used in the production of finished products. Examples of the raw materials affected are aluminum cans and plastic bottles used for packaging and high fructose corn syrup used as a product ingredient. Further, we are exposed to commodity price risk on oil, which impacts our cost of fuel used in the movement and delivery of our products. We participate in commodity hedging and risk mitigation programs administered both by CCBSS and by the Company. In addition, no limit is placed on the price The Coca‑Cola Company and other beverage companies can charge for concentrate.
 
Customers and Marketing
 
The Company’s products are sold and distributed through various channels, which include selling directly to retail stores and other outlets such as food markets, institutional accounts and vending machine outlets. During 2016, approximately 66% of the Company’s bottle/can volume to retail customers was sold for future consumption, while the remaining bottle/can volume to retail customers was sold for immediate consumption. All the Company’s beverage sales were to customers in the United States. The Company records delivery fees in net sales, which are used to offset a portion of the Company’s delivery and handling costs.
 
The following table summarizes the percentage of our total bottle/can volume and the percentage of our total net sales, which are all included in the Nonalcoholic Beverages operating segment, attributed to our largest customers:
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
Customer	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	
Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Approximate percent of the Company's total Bottle/can volume	 	 	20	%	 	 	22	%	
Approximate percent of the Company's total Net sales	 	 	14	%	 	 	15	%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Food Lion, LLC	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Approximate percent of the Company's total Bottle/can volume	 	 	8	%	 	 	7	%	
Approximate percent of the Company's total Net sales	 	 	5	%	 	 	5	%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
The Kroger Company	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Approximate percent of the Company's total Bottle/can volume	 	 	6	%	 	 	6	%	
Approximate percent of the Company's total Net sales	 	 	5	%	 	 	5	%	
 
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The loss of Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., Food Lion, LLC or The Kroger Company as a customer could have a material adverse effect on the operating and financial results of the Company.
 
New product introductions, packaging changes and sales promotions are the primary sales and marketing practices in the nonalcoholic beverage industry and have required and are expected to continue to require substantial expenditures. Recent product introductions from the Company and The Coca‑Cola Company include new flavor varieties within certain brands such as Fanta Sparkling Fruit, Minute Maid Refreshment, Monster, Dasani Drops, NOS, and Dasani Sparkling. New packaging introductions over the last several years include the 253 ml bottle, the 1.25-liter bottle, the 7.5-ounce sleek can, the 2-liter contour bottle for Coca‑Cola products, and the 16-ounce bottle/24-ounce bottle package.
 
We sell our products primarily in non-refillable bottles and cans, in varying proportions from market to market. For example, there may be as many as 29 different packages for Diet Coke within a single geographic area. Bottle/can volume to retail customers during 2016 was approximately 64% bottles and 36% cans.
 
Advertising in various media outlets, primarily television and radio, is relied upon extensively in the marketing of our products. The Coca‑Cola Company, Monster Energy Company and Dr Pepper Snapple Group, Inc. (collectively, the “Beverage Companies”) make substantial expenditures on advertising programs in the Legacy Territories and Expansion Territories from which we have benefited. Although the Beverage Companies have provided us with marketing funding support in the past, our bottling agreements generally do not obligate the Beverages Companies to do so. Any significant curtailment of marketing funding support provided by the Beverage Companies for marketing programs which benefit us could have a material adverse effect on our operating and financial results.
 
In addition, we expend substantial funds on our own behalf for extensive local sales promotions of our products. Historically, these expenses have been partially offset by marketing funding support provided to us by the Beverage Companies in support of a variety of marketing programs, such as point-of-sale displays and merchandising programs. The funds we expend for marketing and merchandising programs are considered necessary to maintain or increase revenue.
 
In addition to our marketing and merchandising programs, we believe a sustained and planned charitable giving program to support communities is an essential component to the success of our brand. In 2016, the Company made cash donations of approximately $8.4 million to various charities and donor-advised funds in light of the Company’s financial performance, expanded distribution territory footprint and future business prospects. The Company intends to continue its charitable contributions in future years subject to the Company’s financial performance and other business factors.
 
Seasonality
 
Business seasonality results primarily from higher unit sales of the Company’s products in the second and third quarters of the fiscal year. Sales volume can also be impacted by weather conditions. Fixed costs, such as depreciation expense, are not significantly impacted by business seasonality. We have, and believe CCR and other bottlers from whom we purchase finished goods have, adequate production capacity to meet sales demand for sparkling and still beverages during these peak periods. See “Item 2. Properties” for information relating to utilization of our production facilities.
 
Competition
 
The nonalcoholic beverage market is highly competitive. Competitive products include nonalcoholic sparkling beverages and still beverages, which are noncarbonated beverages such as bottled water, energy drinks, tea, ready to drink coffee, enhanced water, juices and sports drinks. Our competitors include bottlers and distributors of nationally and regionally advertised and marketed products, as well as bottlers and distributors of private label beverages. Our principal competitors include local bottlers of Pepsi-Cola and, in some regions, local bottlers of Dr Pepper, Royal Crown and/or 7‑Up products.
 
The principal methods of competition in the nonalcoholic beverage industry are point-of-sale merchandising, new product introductions, new vending and dispensing equipment, packaging changes, pricing, price promotions, product quality, retail space management, customer service, frequency of distribution and advertising. We believe we are competitive in our territories with respect to these methods of competition.
 
Government Regulation
 
Our businesses, including the production, storage, distribution, sale, display, advertising, marketing, labeling, content, quality and safety of our products, occupational health and safety practices, transportation and use of many of our products, are subject to various laws and regulations administered by federal, state and local governmental agencies of the United States.
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As a manufacturer, distributor and seller of beverage products of The Coca‑Cola Company and other soft drink manufacturers in exclusive territories, we are subject to antitrust laws of general applicability. However, pursuant to the United States Soft Drink Interbrand Competition Act, soft drink bottlers, such as us, may have an exclusive right to manufacture, distribute and sell a soft drink product in a defined geographic territory if that soft drink product is in substantial and effective competition with other products of the same general class in the market. We believe such competition exists in each of the exclusive geographic territories in the United States in which we operate.
 
We are required to comply with a variety of U.S. laws and regulations, including but not limited to: the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act and various state laws governing food safety; the Food Safety Modernization Act; the Occupational Safety and Health Act; the Clean Air Act; the Clean Water Act; the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act; the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act; the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Act; the Lanham Act; various federal and state laws and regulations governing competition and trade practices; various federal and state laws and regulations governing our employment practices, including those related to equal employment opportunity, such as the Equal Employment Opportunity Act and the National Labor Relations Act; and laws regulating the sale of certain of our products in schools.
 
In response to the growing health, nutrition and obesity concerns of today’s youth, a number of states have regulations restricting the sale of soft drinks and other foods in schools, particularly elementary, middle and high schools. Many of these restrictions have existed for several years in connection with subsidized meal programs in schools. Restrictive legislation, if widely enacted, could have an adverse impact on our products, image and reputation.
 
Most beverage products sold by the Company are classified as food or food products and are therefore eligible for purchase using supplemental nutrition assistance (“SNAP”) benefits by consumers purchasing them for home consumption. Energy drinks with a Nutrition Facts label are classified as food and are eligible for purchase for home consumption using SNAP benefits, whereas energy drinks classified as a supplement by the United States Food and Drug Administration are not. Regulators may restrict the use of benefit programs, including SNAP, to purchase certain beverages and foods.
 
Certain jurisdictions in which our products are sold have either imposed, or are considering imposing, taxes, labeling requirements or other limitations on, or regulations pertaining to, the sale of certain of our products, ingredients or substances contained in, or attributes of, our products or commodities used in the production of our products, including certain of our products that contain added sugars or sodium, exceed a specified caloric content, or include specified ingredients such as caffeine. We cannot predict whether any such legislation will be enacted.
 
Legislation has been proposed in Congress and by certain state and local governments which would prohibit the sale of soft drink products in non-refillable bottles and cans or require a mandatory deposit as a means of encouraging the return of such containers in an attempt to reduce solid waste and litter. It is possible that similar or more restrictive legal requirements may be proposed or enacted in the future. We are currently not impacted by this type of proposed legislation.
 
We are also subject to national and local environmental laws, including laws related to water consumption and treatment, wastewater discharge and air emissions. Our facilities must comply with the Clean Air Act, the Clean Water Act, the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act and other federal and state laws regarding handling, storage, release and disposal of wastes generated on-site and sent to third-party owned and operated off-site licensed facilities.
 
Environmental Remediation
 
We do not currently have any material capital expenditure commitments for environmental compliance or environmental remediation for any of our properties. We do not believe compliance with enacted or adopted federal, state and local provisions pertaining to the discharge of materials into the environment, or otherwise relating to the protection of the environment, will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements or our competitive position.
 
Employees
 
As of January 1, 2017, we had approximately 13,200 employees, of which approximately 11,300 were full-time and 1,900 were part-time. Approximately 9% of our labor force is covered by collective bargaining agreements.
 
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Exchange Act Reports
 
The Company makes available free of charge through our website, www.cokeconsolidated.com, our Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, proxy statement and all amendments to these reports. These reports are available on our website as soon as reasonably practicable after such materials are electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC. The information provided on our website is not part of this report and is not incorporated herein by reference.
 
The SEC also maintains a website, www.sec.gov, which contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information filed electronically with the SEC. Any materials that we file with the SEC may also be read and copied at the SEC’s Public Reference Room, 100 F Street, N.E., Room 1580, Washington, DC 20549. Information on the operations of the Public Reference Room is available by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330.
 
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	
 
In addition to other information in this Form 10-K, the following risk factors should be considered carefully in evaluating the Company’s business. The Company’s business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially and adversely affected by any of these risks.
 
The inability of the Company to successfully integrate the operations and employees acquired in the Expansion Transactions and in any future Expansion Transactions into existing operations could adversely affect the Company’s business, culture or results of operations.
 
The Company is engaged in a multi-year series of transactions through which it is acquiring distribution territories and manufacturing facilities from Coca‑Cola Refreshments USA, Inc. (“CCR”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of The Coca‑Cola Company. Through these acquisitions and additional resources needed to support the Company’s growth, the number of employees has grown to more than 13,100 as of January 1, 2017 from 6,500 as of February 1, 2013.
 
There are many risks faced by the Company as it continues to acquire new workforces in new geographic areas. The Company must comply with local laws, including employment laws, for the new geographic areas in which it is expanding its business. The Company must ensure it has proper staffing with the availability and knowledge to support the volume of acquired employees and transactions. Also, the Company must devote resources to communicate its culture and to integrate new employees from previous employers’ culture to the Company’s culture. The inability to support the volume of employees and the inability to successfully integrate employees to one common culture could have an adverse impact on the Company’s business.
 
The Company faces additional risk in its ability to successfully combine the Company’s existing business with the acquired distribution territories and manufacturing facilities. It must integrate production, distribution, sales and administrative support activities and information technology systems between the Legacy Territories and the Expansion Territories. It must also conform standards, controls, including internal controls over financial reporting, environmental compliance and health and safety compliance, procedures and policies between the Legacy Territories and the Expansion Territories.
 
The completed Expansion Transactions and any future expansion transactions involve certain other financial and business risks. The Company may not realize a satisfactory return, including economic benefit and productivity levels, on the Company’s investment. The Company’s assumptions for potential growth, synergies or cost savings at the time of the Expansion Transactions may prove to be incorrect. Also, the Expansion Transactions could divert the attention of key members of the Company’s management and other available resources from its existing business in the Legacy Territories and previously acquired Expansion Territories.
 
Sustained increases in the costs of labor and employment matters, for current, future and retired employees, could have an adverse effect on the Company’s profitability.
 
The Company uses various insurance structures to manage costs related to workers’ compensation, auto liability, medical and other insurable risks. These structures consist of retentions, deductibles, limits and a diverse group of insurers that serve to strategically transfer and mitigate the financial impact of losses. The Company uses commercial insurance as a risk reduction strategy to minimize catastrophic losses from claims. Losses are accrued using assumptions and procedures followed in the insurance industry, then adjusted for company-specific history and expectations. Although the Company has actively sought to control increases in these costs, there can be no assurance the Company will succeed in limiting future cost increases, which could reduce the profitability of the Company’s operations.
 
The Company’s profitability is substantially affected by the cost of pension retirement benefits, postretirement medical benefits and current employees’ medical benefits. Macro-economic factors beyond the Company’s control, including increases in health care costs,
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declines in investment returns on pension assets and changes in discount rates used to calculate pension and related liabilities could result in significant increases in these costs for the Company. Also, the acquisition of Expansion Territories and employees, including integrating programs in the Expansion Territories, requires additional costs and resources. Although the Company has actively sought to control increases in these costs, there can be no assurance the Company will succeed in limiting future cost increases, which could reduce the profitability of the Company’s operations.
 
As the Company’s workforce grows, it faces additional risk for employment-related claims and assessments. In addition, workplace safety programs must be expanded to cover a larger workforce.
 
Miscalculation of the Company’s need for infrastructure investment could impact the Company’s financial results in both the Company’s Legacy and Expansion Territories and any future expansion territories.
 
Significant changes from the Company’s expected returns on cold drink equipment, fleet, technology and supply chain infrastructure investments could adversely affect the Company’s consolidated financial results. Projected requirements of the Company’s infrastructure investments in the Company’s Legacy Territories, Expansion Territories and any future expansion territories may differ from actual levels if the Company’s volume growth is not as the Company anticipates. The Company’s infrastructure investments are generally long-term in nature; therefore, it is possible the investments made today may not generate the returns expected by the Company as a result of future changes in the marketplace.
 
Technology failures or cyberattacks on the Company’s systems could disrupt the Company’s operations and negatively impact the Company’s business.
 
The Company depends heavily upon the efficient operation of technological resources. A failure in information technology systems or controls could negatively impact operations. In addition, the Company continuously upgrades and updates current technology or installs new technology. The inability to implement upgrades, updates, or installations in a timely manner, to train employees effectively in the use of technology, or to obtain the anticipated benefits of the Company’s technology could adversely impact results of operations or profitability.
 
The Company is a member of CONA Services LLC (“CONA”) and party to a Master Services Agreement with CONA, pursuant to which the Company is an authorized user of the Coke One North America system (the “CONA System”), which is a uniform information technology system developed to promote operational efficiency and uniformity among all North American Coca‑Cola bottlers. The Company is in process of transitioning Legacy Territories and Expansion Territories to the CONA System. The Company believes it has taken the necessary steps to mitigate risk associated with a phased cut-over to the CONA System, including a comprehensive review of internal controls, extensive employee training, and additional verifications and testing to ensure data integrity. There is additional risk involved with the CONA System as the Company relies on The Coca‑Cola Company to resolve technology issues and is limited in its authority and ability to resolve errors or make changes to the software.
 
The Company increasingly relies on information technology systems to process, transmit and store electronic information. For example, the Company’s production and distribution facilities, inventory management and driver handheld devices all utilize information technology to maximize efficiencies and minimize costs. Furthermore, a significant portion of the communication between personnel, customers and suppliers depends on information technology. Like most companies, the Company’s information technology systems may be vulnerable to interruption due to a variety of events beyond the Company’s control, including, but not limited to, natural disasters, terrorist attacks, telecommunications failures, computer viruses, hackers and other security issues. The Company may also experience difficulties integrating systems from Expansion Territories with those in its Legacy Territories. The Company has technology security initiatives and disaster recovery plans in place to mitigate the Company’s risk to these vulnerabilities, however these measures may not be adequate or implemented properly to ensure that the Company’s operations are not disrupted.
 
Changes in public and consumer preferences related to nonalcoholic beverages, including concerns related to obesity and health concerns, as well as perception of artificial ingredients, could reduce demand for the Company’s products and reduce profitability.
 
The Company’s business depends substantially on consumer tastes and preferences that change in often unpredictable ways. The success of the Company’s business depends in large measure on working with the Beverage Companies, and the Company is reliant upon The Coca‑Cola Company and other beverage companies’ product innovations to meet the changing preferences of the broad consumer market. Failure to satisfy changing consumer preferences could adversely affect the profitability of the Company’s business.
 
The Company’s success also depends in large part on its ability to maintain consumer confidence in the safety and quality of all its products. The Company has rigorous product safety and quality standards. However, if beverage products taken to market are or
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become contaminated or adulterated, the Company may be required to conduct costly product recalls and may become subject to product liability claims and negative publicity, which would cause its business to suffer.
 
Health and wellness trends over the past several years have resulted in a shift from sugar sparkling beverages to diet sparkling beverages, tea, sports drinks, enhanced water and bottled water. Consumers, public health officials, public health advocates and government officials are becoming increasingly concerned about the public health consequences associated with obesity, particularly among young people. The production and marketing of beverages are subject to the rules and regulations of the United States Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) and other federal, state and local health agencies.
 
In addition, regulatory actions, activities by nongovernmental organizations and public debate and concerns about perceived negative safety and quality consequences of certain ingredients in the Company’s products, such as non-nutritive sweeteners, may erode consumers’ confidence in the safety and quality of the Company’s products, whether or not justified, and could result in additional governmental regulations concerning the production, marketing, labeling or availability of the Company’s products, possible new taxes or negative publicity resulting from actual or threatened legal actions against the Company or other companies in the same industry, all of which could damage the reputation of the Company’s products and may reduce demand for the Company’s products, which could adversely affect the Company’s profitability.
 
Changes in the Company’s top customer relationships and marketing strategies could impact volume and revenues.
 
The Company faces concentration risks related to a few customers comprising a large portion of the Company’s annual sales volume and net revenue. The Company’s results of operations could be adversely affected if revenue from one or more of these significant customers is significantly reduced or if the cost of complying with the customers’ demands is significant. Additionally, if receivables from one or more of these significant customers become uncollectible, the Company’s results of operations may be adversely impacted.
 
The Company’s largest customers, Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., Food Lion, LLC and The Kroger Company accounted for approximately 34% of the Company’s 2016 bottle/can volume to retail customers and approximately 24% of the Company’s 2016 total net sales. These customers typically make purchase decisions based on a combination of price, product quality, consumer demand and customer service performance and generally do not enter into long-term contracts. The Company faces risks to maintain the volume demanded on a short-term basis from these customers, which can also divert resources away from other customers. The loss of Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., Food Lion, LLC or The Kroger Company as a customer could have a material adverse effect on the operating and financial results of the Company.
 
The Company’s revenue is affected by promotion of the Company’s products by significant customers, such as the customers creating in-store displays or promoting the Company’s products in their weekly circulars. If the Company’s significant customers change the manner in which they market or promote the Company’s products, or if the marketing efforts by significant customers become ineffective, the Company’s volume and revenue could be adversely impacted.
 
The Company may not be able to respond successfully to changes in the marketplace.
 
The Company operates in the highly competitive nonalcoholic beverage industry and faces strong competition from other general and specialty beverage companies. The Company’s response to continued and increased customer and competitor consolidations and marketplace competition may result in lower than expected net pricing of the Company’s products. The Company’s ability to gain or maintain the Company’s share of sales or gross margins may be limited by the actions of the Company’s competitors, which may have advantages in setting prices due to lower raw material costs. Competitive pressures in the markets in which the Company operates may cause channel and product mix to shift away from more profitable channels and packages. If the Company is unable to maintain or increase volume in higher-margin products and in packages sold through higher-margin channels such as immediate consumption, pricing and gross margins could be adversely affected. The Company’s efforts to improve pricing may result in lower than expected sales volume.
 
The Company’s financial condition can be impacted by the stability of the general economy.
 
Unfavorable changes in general economic conditions, such as a recession or economic slowdown in the geographic markets in which the Company does business, may have the temporary effect of reducing the demand for certain of the Company’s products. For example, economic forces may cause consumers to shift away from purchasing higher-margin products and packages sold through immediate consumption and other highly profitable channels. Adverse economic conditions could also increase the likelihood of customer delinquencies and bankruptcies, which would increase the risk of uncollectibility of certain accounts. Each of these factors could adversely affect the Company’s overall financial condition and operating results.
 
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The Company’s capital structure, including its cash positions and debt borrowing capacity with banks or other financial institutions, exposes it to the risk of default by or failure of counterparty financial institutions. The risk of counterparty default or failure may be heightened during economic downturns and periods of uncertainty in the financial markets. If one of the Company’s counterparties were to become insolvent or file for bankruptcy, the Company’s ability to recover losses incurred as a result of default or to retrieve assets that are deposited or held in accounts with such counterparty may be limited by the counterparty's liquidity or the applicable laws governing the insolvency or bankruptcy proceedings. The Company’s results of operations and financial condition could be negatively impacted by an event of default by or failure of one or more of its counterparties.
 
The Company’s business and results of operations may be adversely affected by increased costs, disruption of supply or shortages of raw materials and other supplies.
 
In recent years, there has been consolidation among suppliers of certain of the Company’s raw materials, which could have an adverse effect on the Company’s ability to negotiate the lowest costs and, in light of the Company’s relatively small in-plant raw material inventory levels, has the potential for causing interruptions in the Company’s supply of raw materials.
 
The Company currently obtains all aluminum cans from two domestic suppliers and all plastic bottles from two domestic cooperatives. The inability of these aluminum can or plastic bottle suppliers to meet the Company’s requirements for containers could result in the Company not being able to fulfill customer orders and production demand until alternative sources of supply are located. The Company attempts to mitigate these risks by working closely with key suppliers and by purchasing business interruption insurance where appropriate. Failure of the aluminum can or plastic bottle suppliers to meet the Company’s purchase requirements could negatively impact inventory levels, customer confidence and results of operations, including sales levels and profitability.
 
Raw material costs, including the costs for plastic bottles, aluminum cans and high fructose corn syrup, have historically been subject to significant price volatility and may continue to be in the future. In addition, there are no limits on the prices The Coca‑Cola Company and other beverage companies can charge for concentrate. If the Company cannot offset higher raw material costs with higher selling prices, effective commodity price hedging, increased sales volume or reductions in other costs, the Company’s profitability could be adversely affected.
 
The reliance on purchased finished goods from external sources could have an adverse impact on the Company’s profitability.
 
The Company does not manufacture and does not plan to manufacture all products it distributes and, therefore, remains reliant on purchased finished goods from external sources. As a result, the Company is subject to incremental risk including, but not limited to, product quality and availability, price variability and production capacity shortfalls for externally purchased finished goods, which could have an impact on the Company’s profitability.
 
The decisions made by the National Product Supply Group (the “NPSG”) may be different than decisions that would have been made by the Company individually.
 
The NPSG was created in October 2015, and consists of The Coca‑Cola Company, the Company and other RPBs in The Coca‑Cola Company’s national product supply system. The Coca‑Cola Company and each member RPB has a representative on the governing board (the “NPSG Board”). As of January 2017, the NPSG Board consisted of The Coca‑Cola‑Company, the Company and five other RPBs, including CCR. Pursuant to the NPSG Governance Agreement, the Company has agreed to abide by decisions made by the NPSG Board, which include decisions regarding strategic investment and divestment, optimal national product supply sourcing and new product or packaging infrastructure planning. Even though the Company has a representative on the NPSG Board, the Company will not exercise sole decision-making authority relating to the decisions of the NPSG Board, and the interests of other members of the NPSG Board may diverge from those of the Company and may require  the Company to make investments in its manufacturing assets consistent with the NPSG Governance Agreement.
 
Decreases from historic levels of marketing funding provided to the Company from The Coca‑Cola Company and other beverage companies could reduce the Company’s profitability.
 
The Coca‑Cola Company and other beverage companies have historically provided financial support to the Company through marketing funding. In 2016, the Company received $99.4 million in marketing funding. While the Company does not believe there will be significant changes to the amount of marketing funding support by the beverage companies, there can be no assurance the historic levels will continue. Material changes in the marketing funding programs’ performance requirements, decreases in the level of marketing funding provided or the Company’s inability to meet the performance requirements for marketing funding could adversely affect the Company’s profitability.
 
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Changes in The Coca-Cola Company’s and other beverage companies’ levels of external advertising, marketing spending and product innovation could reduce the Company’s sales volume.
 
The Coca-Cola Company and other beverage companies have their own external advertising campaigns, marketing spending and product innovation programs, which directly impact the Company’s operations. Decreases in marketing, advertising and product innovation spending by the Beverage Companies, or Beverage Company campaigns that are negatively perceived by the public, could adversely impact the volume growth and profitability of the Company. While the Company does not believe there will be significant changes in the level of external advertising and marketing spending by the Beverage Companies, there can be no assurance historic levels will continue. The Company’s volume growth is also dependent on product innovation by the Beverage Companies, especially The Coca-Cola Company.
 
The Company’s inability to meet requirements under its beverage agreements could result in the loss of distribution rights.
 
Approximately 90% of the Company’s bottle/can volume to retail customers in 2016 consisted of products of The Coca‑Cola Company, which is the sole supplier of these products or the concentrates and syrups required to manufacture these products. The Company enters into CBAs and other beverage agreements with The Coca‑Cola Company, which authorize the Company to produce and/or distribute the covered beverages defined in these beverage agreements. The Company must satisfy various requirements under its beverage agreements and failure to satisfy these requirements could result in the loss of distribution rights for the respective products under one or more of these beverage agreements. The occurrence of other events defined in these agreements could also result in the termination of one or more beverage agreements.
 
Changes in the Company’s level of debt, borrowing costs and credit ratings could impact access to capital and credit markets, restrict the Company’s operating flexibility and limit the Company’s ability to obtain additional financing to fund future needs.
 
As of January 1, 2017, the Company had $956.0 million of debt and capital lease obligations. The Company’s level of debt requires a substantial portion of future cash flows from operations to be dedicated to the payment of principal and interest, which reduces funds available for other purposes. The Company’s debt level can negatively impact the Company’s operations by:
 
 	•	Limiting the Company’s ability and/or increasing the cost to obtain funding for working capital, capital expenditures and other general corporate purposes, including funding the cash purchase price of future territory expansions;	

 	•	Increasing the Company’s vulnerability to economic downturns and adverse industry conditions by limiting the Company’s ability to react to changing economic and business conditions; and	

 	•	Exposing the Company to a risk that a significant decrease in cash flows from operations could make it difficult for the Company to meet its debt service requirements and to comply with financial covenants in its debt agreements.	
 
The Company’s Revolving Credit Facility, Term Loan Facility and pension and postretirement medical benefits are subject to changes in interest rates. If interest rates increase in the future, the Company’s borrowing cost could increase, which could result in a reduction of the Company’s overall profitability and limit the Company’s ability to spend in other areas. A decline in interest rates used to discount the Company’s pension and postretirement medical liabilities could increase the cost of these benefits and increase the overall liability.
 
The Company’s credit rating could be significantly impacted by changes in the methodologies used by rating agencies to assess the Company’s credit rating and by changes in the credit ratings of The Coca‑Cola Company. A lower credit rating could significantly increase the Company’s interest costs or could have an adverse effect on the Company’s ability to obtain additional financing at acceptable interest rates or to refinance existing debt.
 
Changes in the inputs used to calculate the Company’s acquisition related contingent consideration liability could have a material adverse impact on the Company’s financial results.
 
The acquisition related contingent consideration liability, which was $253.4 million as of January 1, 2017, consists of the estimated amounts due to The Coca‑Cola Company under the CBAs over the remaining useful life of the related distribution rights. Changes in business conditions or other events could materially change both the projection of future cash flows and the discount rate used in the calculation of the fair value of contingent consideration under the CBAs. These changes could materially impact the fair value of the related contingent consideration and could materially impact the amount of noncash expense (or income) recorded each reporting period.
 
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Changes in tax laws, disagreements with tax authorities or additional tax liabilities could have a material adverse impact on the Company’s financial results.
 
The Company is subject to income taxes within the United States. The Company’s annual income tax rate is based upon the Company’s income and the federal tax laws and the various state and local tax laws within the jurisdictions in which the Company operates. Increases in federal, state or local income tax rates and changes in federal, state or local tax laws could have a material adverse impact on the Company’s financial results.
 
Excise or other taxes imposed on the sale of certain of the Company’s products by the federal government and certain state and local governments, particularly if the taxes were incorporated into shelf prices and passed along to consumers, could cause consumers to shift away from purchasing products of the Company, which could materially affect the Company’s business and financial results.
 
In addition, an assessment of additional taxes resulting from audits of the Company’s tax filings could have an adverse impact on the Company’s profitability, cash flows and financial condition.
 
Issues surrounding labor relations could adversely impact the Company’s future profitability and/or its operating efficiency.
 
Approximately 9% of the Company’s employees are covered by collective bargaining agreements. The inability to renegotiate subsequent agreements on satisfactory terms and conditions could result in work interruptions or stoppages, which could have a material impact on the profitability of the Company. Also, the terms and conditions of existing or renegotiated agreements could increase costs or otherwise affect the Company’s ability to fully implement operational changes to improve overall efficiency.
 
In addition, as the Company has acquired the Expansion Territories, it has become engaged with new and different labor unions than those with which it has historically interacted. Terms and conditions of the new labor union agreements could result in delays of closings for new Expansion Territories and also increases the Company’s exposure to work interruptions or stoppages, as an increased percentage of its workforce is covered by collective bargaining agreements.
 
Natural disasters, changing weather patterns and unfavorable weather could negatively impact the Company’s future profitability.
 
Natural disasters or unfavorable weather conditions in the geographic regions in which the Company operates could have an adverse impact on the Company’s revenue and profitability. For instance, unusually cold or rainy weather during the summer months may have a temporary effect on the demand for the Company’s products and contribute to lower sales, which could adversely affect the Company’s profitability for such periods. Prolonged drought conditions could lead to restrictions on water use, which could adversely affect the Company’s cost and ability to manufacture and distribute products.
 
Changing weather patterns, along with the increased frequency or duration of extreme weather and climate events could impact some of the Company’s facilities or the availability and cost of key raw materials used by the Company in production. In addition, legislative and regulatory initiatives proposed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency could directly or indirectly affect the Company’s production, distribution and packaging, the cost of raw materials, fuel, ingredients and water, which would impact the Company’s profitability.
 
Increases in fuel prices or the inability of the Company to secure adequate supplies of fuel could have an adverse impact on the Company’s profitability.
 
The Company uses significant amounts of fuel for its delivery fleet and other vehicles used in the distribution of its products. International or domestic geopolitical or other events could impact the supply and cost of fuel and could impact the timely delivery of the Company’s products to its customers. Although the Company strives to reduce fuel consumption and uses commodity hedges to manage the Company’s fuel costs, there can be no assurance the Company will succeed in limiting the impact of fuel price volatility on the Company’s business or future cost increases, which could reduce the profitability of the Company’s operations.
 
Significant additional labeling or warning requirements may inhibit sales of affected products.
 
The FDA occasionally proposes major changes to the nutrition labels required on all packaged foods and beverages, including those for most of the Company’s products. If the proposed changes are adopted, the Company and its competitors will be required to overhaul nutrition labels, including updating serving sizes, information about total calories in a beverage product container and information about any added sugars or nutrients. Pervasive nutrition label changes could increase the Company’s costs and could inhibit sales of one or more of the Company’s major products.
 
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Provisions in the Final CBA and the Final RMA with The Coca‑Cola Company could delay or prevent a change in control of the Company.
 
Provisions in the Final CBA and the Final RMA require the Company to obtain The Coca‑Cola Company’s prior approval of a potential buyer of the Company’s Coca‑Cola distribution or manufacturing related businesses, which could delay or prevent a change in control of the Company or the ability of the Company to sell such businesses. The Company can obtain a list of approved third-party buyers from The Coca‑Cola Company annually. In addition, the Company can seek buyer-specific approval from The Coca‑Cola Company upon receipt of a third party offer to purchase the Company or its Coca‑Cola related business.
 
The concentration of the Company’s capital stock ownership with the Harrison family limits other stockholders’ ability to influence corporate matters.
 
Members of the Harrison family, including the Company’s Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, J. Frank Harrison, III, beneficially own shares of Common Stock and Class B Common Stock representing approximately 86% of the total voting power of the Company’s outstanding capital stock. In addition, three members of the Harrison family, including Mr. Harrison, serve on the Board of Directors of the Company.
 
As a result, members of the Harrison family have the ability to exert substantial influence or actual control over the Company’s management and affairs and over substantially all matters requiring action by the Company’s stockholders. This concentration of ownership may have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in control otherwise favored by the Company’s other stockholders and could depress the stock price and limits other stockholders’ ability to influence corporate matters, which could result in the Company making decisions that stockholders outside the Harrison family may not view as beneficial.
 
Item 1B.	Unresolved Staff Comments	
 
None.
 
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Item 2.	Properties	
 
As of February 26, 2017, the principal properties of the Company include its corporate headquarters, 8 production/distribution facilities and 71 sales distribution centers. The Company owns 6 production/distribution facilities and 59 sales distribution centers, and leases its corporate headquarters, 2 production/distribution facilities, 12 sales distribution centers and 5 additional storage warehouses.
 
Facility Type	 	Location	 	Square
Feet	 	 	Lease/
Own	 	Lease
Expiration	 	 	2016 Rent
(in millions)	 	
Corporate headquarters(1)(3)	 	Charlotte, NC	 	 	175,000	 	 	Lease	 	 	2021	 	 	$	4.3	 	
Customer Center	 	Charlotte, NC	 	 	71,000	 	 	Lease	 	 	2030	 	 	$	0.3	 	
Distribution Center	 	Greenville, SC	 	 	57,000	 	 	Lease	 	 	2018	 	 	$	0.8	 	
Distribution Center	 	Baltimore, MD	 	 	290,000	 	 	Lease	 	 	2025	 	 	$	1.3	 	
Distribution Center	 	La Vergne, TN	 	 	220,000	 	 	Lease	 	 	2026	 	 	$	0.7	 	
Distribution Center	 	Clayton, NC	 	 	233,000	 	 	Lease	 	 	2026	 	 	$	1.1	 	
Distribution Center	 	Charleston, SC	 	 	50,000	 	 	Lease	 	 	2027	 	 	$	0.3	 	
Distribution Center	 	Louisville, KY	 	 	300,000	 	 	Lease	 	 	2029	 	 	$	1.3	 	
Distribution Center	 	Cleveland, TN	 	 	75,000	 	 	Lease	 	2030	 	 	$	0.2	 	
Distribution Center	 	Columbus, GA	 	 	132,000	 	 	Own	 	N/A	 	 	N/A	 	
Distribution Center	 	Knoxville, TN	 	 	153,000	 	 	Own	 	N/A	 	 	N/A	 	
Distribution Center	 	Norfolk, VA	 	 	158,000	 	 	Own	 	N/A	 	 	N/A	 	
Distribution Center	 	Lexington, KY	 	 	171,000	 	 	Own	 	N/A	 	 	N/A	 	
Production Center	 	Baltimore, MD	 	 	158,000	 	 	Own	 	N/A	 	 	N/A	 	
Production Center	 	Silver Spring, MD	 	 	104,000	 	 	Own	 	N/A	 	 	N/A	 	
Production Center	 	Mobile, AL	 	 	271,000	 	 	Own	 	N/A	 	 	N/A	 	
Production Center	 	Roanoke, VA	 	 	316,000	 	 	Own	 	N/A	 	 	N/A	 	
Production/ Distribution Combination Center (2)(3)	 	Charlotte, NC	 	 	647,000	 	 	Lease	 	 	2020	 	 	$	4.0	 	
Production/ Distribution Combination Center	 	Nashville, TN	 	 	330,000	 	 	Lease	 	 	2024	 	 	$	0.5	 	
Production/ Distribution Combination Center	 	Sandston, VA	 	 	319,000	 	 	Own	 	N/A	 	 	N/A	 	
Production/ Distribution Combination Center	 	Cincinnati, OH	 	 	368,000	 	 	Own	 	N/A	 	 	N/A	 	
Warehouse	 	Charlotte, NC	 	 	367,000	 	 	Lease	 	 	2022	 	 	$	0.9	 	
Warehouse	 	Roanoke, VA	 	 	111,000	 	 	Lease	 	 	2025	 	 	$	0.8	 	
Warehouse	 	Bishopville, SC	 	 	100,000	 	 	Lease	 	 	2026	 	 	$	0.2	 	
 
(1)	Includes two adjacent buildings totaling 175,000 square feet.	

(2)	Includes a 542,000 square foot production center and adjacent 105,000 square foot distribution center.	

(3)	The leases under these facilities are with a related party.	
 
The Company currently has sufficient production capacity to meet its operational requirements. The approximate percentage utilization of the Company's production facilities, which fluctuates with the seasonality of the business, as of January 1, 2017, is indicated below:
 
Location	 	Utilization*	 	
Silver Spring, Maryland	 	 	78	%	
Charlotte, North Carolina	 	 	77	%	
Nashville, Tennessee	 	 	77	%	
Roanoke, Virginia	 	 	73	%	
Cincinnati, Ohio	 	 	71	%	
Mobile, Alabama	 	 	64	%	
Sandston, Virginia	 	 	64	%	
Baltimore, Maryland	 	 	54	%	
 
*	NOTE:  Estimated 2017 production divided by capacity, based on operations of 6 days per week and 20 hours per day.	
 
In addition to the production facilities noted above, the Company utilizes a portion of the production capacity at SAC, a cooperative located in Bishopville, South Carolina, that owns a 261,000 square foot production facility.
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The Company’s products are generally transported to sales distribution facilities for storage pending sale. The number of sales distribution facilities by market area as of February 26, 2017, was as follows:
 
Location	 	Number of
Facilities	 	
North Carolina	 	 	12	 	
South Carolina	 	 	6	 	
Southern Alabama / Mississippi	 	 	4	 	
Georgia / Florida / Eastern Alabama	 	 	4	 	
Tennessee / Northwest Alabama	 	 	7	 	
Virginia	 	 	9	 	
Maryland / District of Columbia / Delaware	 	 	7	 	
West Virginia / Pennsylvania	 	 	8	 	
Kentucky / Indiana / Illinois	 	 	5	 	
Ohio	 	 	4	 	
Indiana(1)	 	 	5	 	
Total number of sales distribution facilities	 	 	71	 	
 
(1)	Includes distribution facilities acquired by the Company on January 27, 2017 and located in Anderson, Fort Wayne, Lafayette, South Bend and Terre Haute, Indiana.	
 
The Company's facilities are all in good condition and are adequate for the Company's operations as presently conducted.
 
As of February 26, 2017, the Company owned and operated approximately 3,500 vehicles in the sale and distribution of the Company’s beverage products, of which approximately 2,400 were route delivery trucks. In addition, the Company owned approximately 426,000 beverage dispensing and vending machines for the sale of the Company’s products in the Company’s bottling territories as of February 26, 2017.
 
Item 3.	Legal Proceedings	
 
The Company is involved in various claims and legal proceedings which have arisen in the ordinary course of its business. Although it is difficult to predict the ultimate outcome of these claims and legal proceedings, management believes that the ultimate disposition of these matters will not have a material adverse effect on the financial condition, cash flows or results of operations of the Company. No material amount of loss in excess of recorded amounts is believed to be reasonably possible as a result of these claims and legal proceedings.
 
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	
 
Not applicable.

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Executive Officers of the Company
 
The following information is provided with respect to each of the executive officers of the Company as of February 26, 2017.
 
Name	 	Position and Office	 	Age	 	
J. Frank Harrison, III	 	Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer	 	 	62	 	
Henry W. Flint	 	President and Chief Operating Officer	 	 	62	 	
William J. Billiard	 	Vice President, Chief Accounting Officer	 	 	50	 	
Robert G. Chambless	 	Executive Vice President, Franchise Strategy and Operations	 	 	51	 	
Clifford M. Deal, III	 	Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer	 	 	55	 	
Morgan H. Everett	 	Vice President	 	 	35	 	
E. Beauregarde Fisher III	 	Executive Vice President, General Counsel	 	 	48	 	
James E. Harris	 	Executive Vice President, Business Transformation	 	 	54	 	
Umesh M. Kasbekar	 	Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors and Secretary	 	 	59	 	
David M. Katz	 	Executive Vice President, Human Resources, Product Supply and Culture & Stewardship	 	 	48	 	
Kimberly A. Kuo	 	Senior Vice President, Public Affairs, Communications and Communities	 	 	46	 	
 
Mr. J. Frank Harrison, III, was appointed Chairman of the Board of Directors in December 1996. Mr. Harrison, III served as Vice Chairman from November 1987 through December 1996 and was appointed as the Company's Chief Executive Officer in May 1994. He was first employed by the Company in 1977 and has also served as a Division Sales Manager and as a Vice President.
 
Mr. Henry W. Flint was appointed President and Chief Operating Officer in August 2012. He has served as a Director of the Company since April 2007. Previously, he was Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Company, a position he held since April 2007. Previously, he was Executive Vice President and Assistant to the Chairman of the Company, a position to which he was appointed in July 2004. Prior to that, he was a Managing Partner at the law firm of Kennedy Covington Lobdell & Hickman, L.L.P., with which he was associated from 1980 to 2004.
 
Mr. William J. Billiard was appointed Chief Accounting Officer in February 2006. In addition to his role as Chief Accounting Officer, he has also served as Vice President, Controller from February 2006 to November 2010, Vice President, Operations Finance from November 2010 to June 2013 and Vice President, Corporate Controller from June 2013 to November 2014. Before joining the Company, he was Senior Vice President, Interim Chief Financial Officer and Corporate Controller of Portrait Corporation of America, Inc., a portrait photography studio company, from September 2005 to January 2006 and Senior Vice President, Corporate Controller from August 2001 to September 2005. Prior to that, he served as Vice President, Chief Financial Officer of Tailored Management, a long-term staffing company, from August 2000 to August 2001.
 
Mr. Robert G. Chambless was appointed Executive Vice President, Franchise Strategy and Operations in April 2016. Prior to this, he served in various positions within the Company, including Senior Vice President, Sales, Field Operations and Marketing (from August 2010 to March 2016), Senior Vice President, Sales (from June 2008 to July 2010), Vice President - Franchise Sales (from 2003 to 2008), Region Sales Manager for the Company’s Southern Division (from 2000 to 2003) and Sales Manager in the Company’s Columbia, South Carolina branch (from 1997 to 2000). He has served the Company in several other positions prior to 1997 and was first employed by the Company in 1986.
 
Mr. Clifford M. Deal, III, was appointed Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer in April 2016. Prior to this, he served in various positions within the Company including Vice President and Treasurer (from June 1999 to March 2016), Director of Compensation and Benefits (from October 1997 to May 1999), Corporate Benefits Manager (from December 1995 to September 1997) and Manager of Tax Accounting (November 1993 to November 1995). He worked for PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP prior to joining the Company in 1993.
 
Ms. Morgan H. Everett was appointed Vice President in January 2016. Prior to that, she was the Community Relations Director of the Company, a position she held from January 2009 to December 2015. She has been an employee of the Company since October 2004.
 
Mr. E. Beauregarde Fisher III, joined the Company and was appointed Executive Vice President, General Counsel in February 2017. Before joining the Company, he was a partner with the law firm of Moore & Van Allen, PLLC where he served on the firm’s management committee and chaired its business law practice group. He was associated with the firm from 1998 to 2017 and concentrated his practice on mergers and acquisitions, corporate governance and general corporate matters. From 2011 to 2017, he served as the Company’s outside corporate counsel.
 
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Mr. James E. Harris was appointed Executive Vice President, Business Transformation in April 2016 after serving as Senior Vice President, Shared Services and Chief Financial Officer since January 2008. He served as a Director of the Company from August 2003 until January 2008 and was a member of the Audit Committee and the Finance Committee. He served as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of MedCath Corporation, an operator of cardiovascular hospitals, from December 1999 to January 2008. From 1998 to 1999, he was Chief Financial Officer of Fresh Foods, Inc., a manufacturer of fully cooked food products. From 1987 to 1998, he served in several different officer positions with The Shelton Companies, Inc. He also served two years with Ernst & Young LLP as a senior accountant.
 
Mr. Umesh M. Kasbekar was appointed Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors in January 2016 and is Secretary of the Company, a position he has held since August 2012. Previously he was Senior Vice President, Planning and Administration, a position he held since June 2005. Prior to that, he was Vice President, Planning, a position he was appointed to in December 1988.
 
Mr. David M. Katz was appointed Executive Vice President, Human Resources, Product Supply and Culture & Stewardship in April 2016. Previously, he served as Senior Vice President for the Company from January 2013 to March 2016. He held the position of Senior Vice President Midwest Region for Coca-Cola Refreshments (“CCR”) from November 2010 to December 2012. Prior to the formation of CCR, he was Vice President, Sales Operations for Coca‑Cola Enterprises Inc.’s (“CCE”) East Business Unit. From 2008 to 2010, he served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Coca‑Cola Bottlers’ Sales and Services Company, LLC. He began his Coca‑Cola career in 1993 with CCE as a Logistics Consultant.
 
Ms. Kimberly A. Kuo was appointed Senior Vice President of Public Affairs, Communications and Communities in January 2016. Before joining the Company, she operated her own communications and marketing consulting firm, Sterling Strategies, from January 2014 to December 2015. Prior to that, she served as Chief Marketing Officer at Baker and Taylor, a book and entertainment distributor from February 2009 to July 2013. Prior to her experience at Baker and Taylor, she served in various communications and government affairs roles on Capitol Hill, in political campaigns, trade associations, and corporations.

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PART II
 
Item 5.	Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities	
 
The Company has two classes of common stock outstanding, Common Stock and Class B Common Stock. The Common Stock is traded on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol COKE. The table below sets forth for the periods indicated the high and low reported sales prices per share of Common Stock. There is no established public trading market for the Class B Common Stock. Shares of Class B Common Stock are convertible on a share-for-share basis into shares of Common Stock.
 
 	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	
 	 	High	 	 	Low	 	 	High	 	 	Low	 	
First quarter	 	$	184.20	 	 	$	150.26	 	 	$	112.00	 	 	$	86.90	 	
Second quarter	 	 	167.94	 	 	 	119.80	 	 	 	149.40	 	 	 	111.07	 	
Third quarter	 	 	161.44	 	 	 	138.81	 	 	 	194.43	 	 	 	126.31	 	
Fourth quarter	 	 	182.26	 	 	 	125.00	 	 	 	220.93	 	 	 	170.01	 	
 
A quarterly dividend rate of $0.25 per share on both Common Stock and Class B Common Stock was maintained throughout 2016 and 2015. Pursuant to the Company's certificate of incorporation, no cash dividend or dividend of property or stock other than stock of the Company, as specifically described in the certificate of incorporation, may be declared and paid on the Class B Common Stock unless an equal or greater dividend is declared and paid on the Common Stock. Shares of Common Stock and Class B Common Stock have participated equally in dividends since 1994.
 
The amount and frequency of future dividends will be determined by the Company's Board of Directors in light of the earnings and financial condition of the Company at such time, and no assurance can be given that dividends will be declared or paid in the future.
 
The number of stockholders of record of the Common Stock and Class B Common Stock, as of February 26, 2017, was 2,697 and 10, respectively.
 
On March 8, 2016, the Compensation Committee determined that 40,000 shares of restricted Class B Common Stock, $1.00 par value, should be issued (pursuant to a Performance Unit Award Agreement approved in 2008) to J. Frank Harrison, III, in connection with his services in 2015 as Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer of the Company. As permitted under the terms of the Performance Unit Award Agreement, 19,080 of such shares were settled in cash to satisfy tax withholding obligations in connection with the vesting of the performance units. The shares issued to Mr. Harrison, III were issued without registration under the Securities Act of 1933 (the “Securities Act”) in reliance on Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act.
 
Stock Performance Graph
 
Presented below is a line graph comparing the yearly percentage change in the cumulative total return on the Company’s Common Stock to the cumulative total return of the Standard & Poor’s 500 Index and a peer group for the period commencing January 1, 2012 and ending January 1, 2017. The peer group is comprised of Dr Pepper Snapple Group, Inc., National Beverage Corp., The Coca‑Cola Company, Cott Corporation and PepsiCo, Inc.
 
The graph assumes $100 was invested in the Company’s Common Stock, the Standard & Poor’s 500 Index and the peer group on January 1, 2012 and all dividends were reinvested on a quarterly basis. Returns for the companies included in the peer group have been weighted on the basis of the total market capitalization for each company.
 
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*	$100 invested on 1/1/12 in stock or 12/31/11 in index, including reinvestment of dividends. Index calculated on month-end basis.	

29

 
Item 6.	Selected Financial Data	
 
The following table sets forth certain selected financial data concerning the Company for the five fiscal years ended January 1, 2017. The data is derived from audited consolidated financial statements of the Company. See Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and the accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements for additional information.
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
(in thousands, except per share data and number of facilities)	 	2016(1)	 	 	2015(1)(2)	 	 	2014(1)	 	 	2013	 	 	2012	 	
Net sales	 	$	3,156,428	 	 	$	2,306,458	 	 	$	1,746,369	 	 	$	1,641,331	 	 	$	1,614,433	 	
Cost of sales	 	 	1,940,706	 	 	 	1,405,426	 	 	 	1,041,130	 	 	 	982,691	 	 	 	960,124	 	
Gross profit	 	 	1,215,722	 	 	 	901,032	 	 	 	705,239	 	 	 	658,640	 	 	 	654,309	 	
Selling, delivery and administrative expenses	 	 	1,087,863	 	 	 	802,888	 	 	 	619,272	 	 	 	584,993	 	 	 	565,623	 	
Income from operations	 	 	127,859	 	 	 	98,144	 	 	 	85,967	 	 	 	73,647	 	 	 	88,686	 	
Interest expense, net	 	 	36,325	 	 	 	28,915	 	 	 	29,272	 	 	 	29,403	 	 	 	35,338	 	
Other income (expense), net	 	 	1,870	 	 	 	(3,576	)	 	 	(1,077	)	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	
Gain on exchange of franchise territory	 	 	(692	)	 	 	8,807	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	
Gain on sale of business	 	 	-	 	 	 	22,651	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	
Bargain purchase gain, net of tax of $1,265	 	 	-	 	 	 	2,011	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	
Income before taxes	 	 	92,712	 	 	 	99,122	 	 	 	55,618	 	 	 	44,244	 	 	 	53,348	 	
Income tax expense	 	 	36,049	 	 	 	34,078	 	 	 	19,536	 	 	 	12,142	 	 	 	21,889	 	
Net income	 	 	56,663	 	 	 	65,044	 	 	 	36,082	 	 	 	32,102	 	 	 	31,459	 	
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest	 	 	6,517	 	 	 	6,042	 	 	 	4,728	 	 	 	4,427	 	 	 	4,242	 	
Net income attributable to Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated	 	$	50,146	 	 	$	59,002	 	 	$	31,354	 	 	$	27,675	 	 	$	27,217	 	
Basic net income per share based on net income attributable to Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Common Stock	 	$	5.39	 	 	$	6.35	 	 	$	3.38	 	 	$	2.99	 	 	$	2.95	 	
Class B Common Stock	 	$	5.39	 	 	$	6.35	 	 	$	3.38	 	 	$	2.99	 	 	$	2.95	 	
Diluted net income per share based on net income attributable to Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Common Stock	 	$	5.36	 	 	$	6.33	 	 	$	3.37	 	 	$	2.98	 	 	$	2.94	 	
Class B Common Stock	 	$	5.35	 	 	$	6.31	 	 	$	3.35	 	 	$	2.97	 	 	$	2.92	 	
Cash dividends per share - Common Stock	 	$	1.00	 	 	$	1.00	 	 	$	1.00	 	 	$	1.00	 	 	$	1.00	 	
Cash dividends per share - Class B Common Stock	 	$	1.00	 	 	$	1.00	 	 	$	1.00	 	 	$	1.00	 	 	$	1.00	 	
Net cash provided by operating activities	 	$	161,995	 	 	$	108,290	 	 	$	91,903	 	 	$	96,374	 	 	$	83,172	 	
Net cash used in investing activities	 	 	(452,026	)	 	 	(217,343	)	 	 	(124,251	)	 	 	(55,296	)	 	 	(49,570	)	
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	 	 	256,383	 	 	 	155,456	 	 	 	29,682	 	 	 	(39,716	)	 	 	(113,961	)	
Total assets(4)	 	 	2,449,484	 	 	 	1,846,565	 	 	 	1,430,641	 	 	 	1,272,361	 	 	 	1,278,208	 	
Working capital(4)	 	 	135,904	 	 	 	108,366	 	 	 	58,177	 	 	 	28,919	 	 	 	23,471	 	
Acquisition related contingent consideration	 	 	253,437	 	 	 	136,570	 	 	 	46,850	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	
Current portion of obligations under capital leases	 	 	7,527	 	 	 	7,063	 	 	 	6,446	 	 	 	5,939	 	 	 	5,230	 	
Obligations under capital leases	 	 	41,194	 	 	 	48,721	 	 	 	52,604	 	 	 	59,050	 	 	 	64,351	 	
Current portion of debt	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	20,000	 	 	 	20,000	 	
Long-term debt(4)	 	 	907,254	 	 	 	619,628	 	 	 	442,324	 	 	 	374,771	 	 	 	398,120	 	
Total equity of Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated	 	 	277,131	 	 	 	243,056	 	 	 	183,609	 	 	 	191,320	 	 	 	135,259	 	
Equivalent unit case volume (percentage change)(3):	 	 	36.4	%	 	 	28.9	%	 	 	6.1	%	 	 	0.3	%	 	 	0.9	%	
Sparkling beverages	 	 	32.5	%	 	 	24.1	%	 	 	3.6	%	 	 	-2.0	%	 	 	-1.7	%	
Still beverages	 	 	47.3	%	 	 	44.4	%	 	 	15.0	%	 	 	11.1	%	 	 	10.7	%	
Number of production facilities	 	 	8	 	 	 	4	 	 	 	4	 	 	 	4	 	 	 	4	 	
Number of sales distribution facilities	 	 	66	 	 	 	53	 	 	 	44	 	 	 	41	 	 	 	41	 	
 
(1)	For additional information on acquisitions and divestitures in 2016, 2015 and 2014, see Management’s Discussion and Analysis on Financial Condition and Results of Operations and the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.	

(2)	All years presented are 52-week fiscal years except 2015 which was a 53-week year. The estimated net sales, gross margin and selling, delivery and administrative expenses for the additional week in 2015 of approximately $39 million, $14 million and $10 million, respectively, are included in the reported results for 2015.	

(3)	Equivalent unit case volume is defined as twenty-four 8-ounce servings or 192 ounces.	

(4)	On January 4, 2016, the Company retrospectively adopted ASU 2015-03, which requires all cost incurred to issue debt to be presented on the balance sheet as a direct reduction of the carrying value of the debt. All prior fiscal years’ balances have been retrospectively adjusted to incorporate this accounting guidance. The impact was not material to any period presented.	

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Item 7.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	
 
The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“M,D&A”) of Coca‑Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated (the “Company”) should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements of the Company and the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.
 
The Company’s fiscal year generally ends on the Sunday closest to December 31 of each year. The fiscal years presented are:
 
 	•	The 52-week period ended January 1, 2017 (“2016”)	

 	•	The 53-week period ended January 3, 2016 (“2015”); and	

 	•	The 52-week period ended December 28, 2014 (“2014”).	
 
The estimated net sales, gross profit and S,D&A expenses for the additional selling week in 2015 were approximately $39 million, $14 million and $10 million, respectively, and were included in reported results in 2015.
 
The consolidated financial statements include the consolidated operations of the Company and its majority-owned subsidiaries including Piedmont Coca-Cola Bottling Partnership (“Piedmont”). Piedmont is the Company’s only subsidiary that has a significant noncontrolling interest. Piedmont distributes and markets nonalcoholic beverages in portions of North Carolina and South Carolina. The Company provides a portion of the nonalcoholic beverage products to Piedmont at cost and receives a fee for managing the operations of Piedmont pursuant to a management agreement. Noncontrolling interest consists of The Coca‑Cola Company’s interest in Piedmont, which was 22.7% for all periods presented.
 
Expansion Transactions with The Coca‑Cola Company
 
As part of The Coca‑Cola Company’s plans to refranchise its North American bottling territories, the Company has engaged in a multi-year series of transactions since April 2013 with The Coca‑Cola Company and Coca‑Cola Refreshments USA, Inc. (“CCR”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of The Coca‑Cola Company, to significantly expand the Company’s distribution and manufacturing operations. This expansion includes acquisition of rights to serve additional distribution territories previously served by CCR (the “Expansion Territories”) and of related distribution assets (the “Distribution Territory Expansion Transactions”), as well as the acquisition of regional manufacturing facilities (“Regional Manufacturing Facilities”) and related manufacturing assets previously owned by CCR (the “Manufacturing Facility Expansion Transactions” and, together with the Distribution Territory Expansion Transactions, the “Expansion Transactions”).
 
Distribution Territory Expansion Transactions
 
In April 2013, the Company entered into a non-binding letter of intent with The Coca‑Cola Company to acquire Expansion Territories in parts of Tennessee, Kentucky and Indiana, all of which were acquired by the second quarter of 2015.
 
In May 2015, the Company completed an exchange transaction with CCR through which the Company acquired certain assets and rights for territory in Lexington, Kentucky from CCR and transferred certain assets and rights for territory in Jackson, Tennessee to CCR. The assets exchanged relate to the marketing, promotion, distribution and sale of Coca‑Cola and other beverage products in each territory, including the rights to produce such beverages in each territory included in the exchange.
 
In May 2015, the Company also entered into a second non-binding letter of intent (the “May 2015 LOI”) with The Coca‑Cola Company to acquire Expansion Territories in Baltimore, Maryland; Alexandria, Norfolk and Richmond, Virginia; the District of Columbia; Cincinnati, Columbus and Dayton, Ohio; and Indianapolis, Indiana. Pursuant to the May 2015 LOI, CCR would:
 
 	(i)	Grant the Company in two phases certain exclusive rights for the distribution, promotion, marketing and sale of The Coca‑Cola Company-owned and licensed products in additional territories served by CCR; and	

 	(ii)	Sell the Company certain assets that included rights to distribute those cross-licensed brands distributed in the territories by CCR as well as the assets used by CCR in the distribution of the cross-licensed brands and The Coca‑Cola Company brands.	
 
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The first phase of the additional Distribution Territory Expansion Transactions contemplated by the May 2015 LOI was agreed upon in an asset purchase agreement entered into by the Company and CCR in September 2015 (the “September 2015 APA”). The September 2015 APA included Expansion Territory in: (i) eastern and northern Virginia, (ii) the entire state of Maryland, (iii) the District of Columbia, and (iv) parts of Delaware, North Carolina, Pennsylvania and West Virginia, and was completed by the second quarter of 2016. Following is a summary of key closing dates for the transactions covered by the September 2015 APA:
 
 	•	October 30, 2015 – The first closing under the September 2015 APA occurred for territories served by distribution facilities in Norfolk, Fredericksburg and Staunton, Virginia and Elizabeth City, North Carolina.	

 	•	January 29, 2016 – The second closing under the September 2015 APA occurred for territories served by distribution facilities in Easton and Salisbury, Maryland and Richmond and Yorktown, Virginia.	

 	•	April 1, 2016 – The third closing under the September 2015 APA occurred for territories served by distribution facilities in Capitol Heights and La Plata, Maryland and Alexandria, Virginia.	

 	•	April 29, 2016 – The final closing under the September 2015 APA occurred for territories served by distribution facilities in Baltimore, Cumberland and Hagerstown, Maryland.	
 
On September 1, 2016, the Company and CCR entered into an asset purchase agreement (the “September 2016 Distribution APA”) for the second phase of the additional distribution territory contemplated by the May 2015 LOI and for a portion of the additional distribution territory contemplated by the CCR June 2016 LOI, including territories located in (i) central and southern Ohio, (ii) northern Kentucky, (iii) large portions of Indiana and (iv) parts of Illinois and West Virginia that are currently served by CCR. Following is a summary of key closing dates for the transactions covered by the September 2016 Distribution APA:
 
 	•	October 28, 2016 – The first closing under the September 2016 Distribution APA occurred for territories served by distribution facilities in Cincinnati, Dayton, Lima and Portsmouth, Ohio.	

 	•	January 27, 2017 – Subsequent to the end of 2016, the second closing under the September 2016 Distribution APA occurred for territories served by distribution facilities in Anderson, Fort Wayne, Lafayette, South Bend and Terre Haute, Indiana.	
 
At each of the closings under the September 2015 APA and the September 2016 Distribution APA, the Company entered into a comprehensive beverage agreement with CCR in substantially the same form as the form of comprehensive beverage agreement currently in effect in the territories acquired in the earlier Distribution Territory Expansion Transactions (the “Initial CBA”) which requires the Company to make a quarterly sub-bottling payment to CCR on a continuing basis for the grant of exclusive rights to distribute, promote, market and sell the Covered Beverages and Related Products, as defined in the Initial CBA, in the applicable territories.
 
Manufacturing Facility Expansion Transactions
 
The May 2015 LOI contemplated, among other things, that The Coca‑Cola Company would work collaboratively with the Company and certain other expanding participating bottlers in the U.S. to implement a national product supply system. As a result of subsequent discussions with The Coca‑Cola Company, in September 2015, the Company and The Coca‑Cola Company entered into a non-binding letter of intent (the “September 2016 LOI”) pursuant to which CCR would sell six Regional Manufacturing Facilities and related manufacturing assets (collectively, the “Manufacturing Assets”) to the Company as the Company becomes a regional producing bottler (“Regional Producing Bottler”) in the national product supply system. Similar to, and as an integral part of, the Distribution Territory Expansion Transactions described in the May 2015 LOI, the sale of the Manufacturing Assets by CCR to the Company would be accomplished in two phases:  (i) the first phase would include three Regional Manufacturing Facilities located in Sandston, Virginia; Silver Spring, Maryland; and Baltimore, Maryland and (ii) the second phase would include three Regional Manufacturing Facilities located in Indianapolis, Indiana; Portland Indiana; and Cincinnati, Ohio.
 
On October 30, 2015, the Company and CCR entered into an asset purchase agreement (the “October 2015 APA”) for the first phase of the Regional Manufacturing Facilities acquisitions contemplated by the September 2015 LOI, including Regional Manufacturing Facilities located in Sandston, Virginia; Silver Spring, Maryland; and Baltimore, Maryland, and was completed by the second quarter of 2016. Following is a summary of key closing dates for the transactions covered by the October 2015 APA:
 
 	•	January 29, 2016 – The first closing under the October 2015 APA occurred for the Sandston, Virginia facility.	

 	•	April 29, 2016 – The interim and final closings under the October 2015 APA occurred for the acquisition of Regional Manufacturing Facilities located in Silver Spring, Maryland and Baltimore, Maryland.	
 
On September 1, 2016, the Company and CCR entered into an asset purchase agreement (the “September 2016 Manufacturing APA”) for the second phase of the Regional Manufacturing Facility acquisitions contemplated by the September 2015 LOI which included Regional Manufacturing Facilities located in Indianapolis, Indiana; Portland, Indiana; and Cincinnati, Ohio. On October 28, 2016, the first closing under the September 2016 Manufacturing APA occurred for the Regional Manufacturing Facility in Cincinnati, Ohio.
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The rights for the manufacture, production and packaging of specified beverages at the Regional Manufacturing Facilities acquired by the Company have been granted by The Coca‑Cola Company to the Company pursuant to an initial regional manufacturing agreement in the form disclosed in the Company’s Current Report on Form 8‑K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 5, 2016 (the “Initial RMA”). Pursuant to its terms, the Initial RMA will be amended, restated and converted into a final form of regional manufacturing agreement (the “Final RMA”) concurrent with the conversion of the Company’s Bottling Agreements (as defined below) to the Final CBA as described in the description of the Territory Conversion Agreement (defined and described below).
 
Under the Final RMA, the Company’s aggregate business directly and primarily related to the manufacture of Authorized Covered Beverages, permitted cross-licensed brands and other beverages and beverage products for The Coca‑Cola Company will be subject to the same agreed upon sale process provisions included in the Final CBA as described below, which include the need to obtain The Coca‑Cola Company’s prior approval of a potential purchaser of such manufacturing business. The Coca‑Cola Company will also have the right to terminate the Final RMA in the event of an uncured default by the Company.
 
Annapolis Make-Ready Center Acquisition
 
As a part of the Expansion Transactions, on October 30, 2015, the Company acquired from CCR a “make-ready center” in Annapolis, Maryland for a cash purchase price of $5.4 million, which includes all post-closing adjustments. The Company recorded a bargain purchase gain of approximately $2.0 million on this transaction after applying a deferred tax liability of approximately $1.3 million. The Company uses the make-ready center to deploy and refurbish vending and other sales equipment for use in the marketplace.
 
The net cash purchase price for each of the Expansion Transactions, which includes both Distribution Territory Expansion Transactions and Manufacturing Facility Expansion Transactions, completed as of January 1, 2017, is as follows:
 
Territory	 	Acquisition / Exchange Date	 	Net Cash
Purchase Price
(In Millions)	
Johnson City and Morristown, Tennessee	 	May 23, 2014	 	$	12.2	 	 	
Knoxville, Tennessee	 	October 24, 2014	 	 	30.9	 	 	
Cleveland and Cookeville, Tennessee	 	January 30, 2015	 	 	13.2	 	 	
Louisville, Kentucky and Evansville, Indiana	 	February 27, 2015	 	 	18.0	 	 	
Paducah and Pikeville, Kentucky	 	May 1, 2015	 	 	7.5	 	*	
Lexington, Kentucky for Jackson, Tennessee Exchange	 	May 1, 2015	 	 	15.3	 	 	
Norfolk, Fredericksburg and Staunton, Virginia and Elizabeth City, North Carolina	 	October 30, 2015	 	 	26.7	 	 	
Annapolis, Maryland Make-Ready Center	 	October 30, 2015	 	 	5.4	 	 	
Easton and Salisbury, Maryland, Richmond and Yorktown, Virginia, and Sandston, Virginia Regional Manufacturing Facility	 	January 29, 2016	 	 	65.7	 	*	
Alexandria, Virginia and Capitol Heights and La Plata, Maryland	 	April 1, 2016	 	 	35.6	 	*	
Baltimore, Hagerstown and Cumberland, Maryland, and Silver Spring and Baltimore, Maryland Regional Manufacturing Facilities	 	April 29, 2016	 	69.0	 	*	
Cincinnati, Dayton, Lima and Portsmouth, Ohio and Louisa, Kentucky and Cincinnati, Ohio Regional Manufacturing Facility	 	October 28, 2016	 	98.2	 	*	
 
*	NOTE: The cash purchase price amounts are subject to a final post-closing adjustment and, as a result, may either increase or decrease.	
 
The financial results of the Expansion Transactions, Expansion Territories and Lexington Expansion Territory have been included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements from their respective acquisition or exchange dates. These territories contributed the following amounts to the Company’s consolidated statement of operations:
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
(in thousands)	 	2016(1)	 	 	2015(2)	 	
Net sales	 	$	1,061,769	 	 	$	437,084	 	
Operating income	 	 	24,280	 	 	 	6,917	 	
 
(1)	Includes the results of the 2016 Expansion Transactions and the 2015 Expansion Territories.	

(2)	Includes the results of the 2015 Expansion Territories and the 2014 Expansion Territories.	
 
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2016 Letters of Intent for Additional Expansion Transactions
 
In February 2016, the Company entered into a non-binding letter of intent (the “February 2016 LOI”) with The Coca‑Cola Company to provide exclusive distribution rights for the Company in following major markets: Akron, Elyria, Toledo, Willoughby, and Youngstown County in Ohio. Pursuant to the February 2016 LOI, CCR would:
 
 	(i)	Grant the Company exclusive rights for the distribution, promotion, marketing and sale of The Coca‑Cola Company-owned and -licensed products in additional territories served by CCR in northern Ohio;	

 	(ii)	Sell the Company certain assets that included rights to distribute those cross-licensed brands distributed in the territories by CCR as well as the assets used by CCR in the distribution of the cross-licensed brands and The Coca‑Cola Company brands; and	

 	(iii)	Sell to the Company an additional Regional Manufacturing Facility currently owned by CCR located in Twinsburg, Ohio and related Manufacturing Assets.	
 
In June 2016, the Company entered into a non-binding letter of intent (the “CCR June 2016 LOI”) with The Coca‑Cola Company to provide exclusive distribution rights for the Company in the following major markets:  Little Rock, West Memphis and southern Arkansas; Memphis, Tennessee; and Louisa, Kentucky. Pursuant to the CCR June 2016 LOI, CCR would:
 
 	(i)	Grant the Company exclusive rights for the distribution, promotion, marketing and sale of The Coca‑Cola Company-owned and -licensed products in additional territories in northeastern Kentucky and southwestern West Virginia served by CCR’s distribution center in Louisa, Kentucky;	

 	(ii)	Sell the Company certain assets that included rights to distribute those cross-licensed brands distributed in the territories by CCR as well as the assets used by CCR in the distribution of the cross-licensed brands and The Coca‑Cola Company brands; and	

 	(iii)	Transfer exclusive rights and associated distribution assets and working capital for territory in parts of Arkansas, southwestern Tennessee and northwestern Mississippi and two additional Regional Manufacturing Facilities located in Memphis, Tennessee and West Memphis, Arkansas currently owned by CCR in exchange for territory in southern Alabama, southern Mississippi and southern Georgia and a Regional Manufacturing Facility in Mobile, Alabama currently owned by the Company. The exchange includes rights to the distribution, promotion, marketing and sale of The Coca‑Cola Company-owned and –licensed products and certain cross-licensed brands in each territory and related Manufacturing Assets.	
 
In June 2016, the Company entered into a non-binding letter of intent with Coca‑Cola Bottling Company United, Inc. (“United”), an independent bottler that is unrelated to the Company (the “United June 2016 LOI”). Pursuant to this letter of intent, United would transfer exclusive rights and associated distribution assets and working capital in certain territory in and around Spartanburg and Bluffton, South Carolina, currently served by United’s distribution centers located in Spartanburg, South Carolina and Savannah, Georgia, in exchange for certain territory in south-central Tennessee, northwest Alabama and northwest Florida currently served by the Company’s distribution centers located in Florence, Alabama and Panama City, Florida. The exchange includes rights to the distribution, promotion, marketing and sale of The Coca‑Cola Company-owned and –licensed products and certain cross-licensed brands in each territory.
 
As discussed above, on October 28, 2016, the Company completed the acquisition of territories served by the distribution facility in Louisa, Kentucky contemplated by the CCR June 2016 LOI. The Company is continuing to work towards a definitive agreement or agreements with The Coca‑Cola Company and CCR for the remaining proposed Expansion Transactions described in the February 2016 LOI and the CCR June 2016 LOI. The Company is also continuing to work towards a definitive agreement or agreements with United for the proposed transactions described in the United June 2016 LOI.
 
National Product Supply Governance Agreement (the “NPSG Governance Agreement”)
 
In October 2015, the Company, The Coca‑Cola Company and three other Coca‑Cola bottlers, including CCR, who are considered “Regional Producing Bottlers” (“RPBs”) in The Coca‑Cola Company’s national product supply system, entered into the NPSG Governance Agreement. Pursuant to the NPSG Governance Agreement, The Coca‑Cola Company and the RPBs have formed a national product supply group (the “NPSG”) and agreed to certain binding governance mechanisms, including a governing board (the “NPSG Board”) comprised of a representative of (i) the Company, (ii) The Coca‑Cola Company and (iii) each other Regional Producing Bottler. As The Coca‑Cola Company continues its multi-year refranchising effort of its North American bottling territories, additional Regional Producing Bottlers may be added to the NPSG Board. As of January 2017, the NPSG Board consisted of The Coca‑Cola‑Company, the Company and five other RPBs, including CCR.
 
The stated objectives of the NPSG include, among others, (i) Coca‑Cola system strategic infrastructure investment and divestment planning; (ii) network optimization of all plant to distribution center sourcing; and (iii) new product/packaging infrastructure planning.
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The NPSG Board makes and/or oversees and directs certain key decisions regarding the NPSG, including decisions regarding the management and staffing of the NPSG and the funding for the ongoing operations of the NPSG. The Company is obligated to pay a certain portion of the costs of operating the NPSG. Pursuant to the decisions of the NPSG Board made from time to time and subject to the terms and conditions of the NPSG Governance Agreement, the Company and each other Regional Producing Bottler will make investments in their respective manufacturing assets and will implement Coca‑Cola system strategic investment opportunities that are consistent with the NPSG Governance Agreement.
 
Territory Conversion Agreement
 
Concurrent with their execution of the September 2015 APA, the Company, CCR and The Coca‑Cola Company executed a territory conversion agreement (as amended February 8, 2016, the “Territory Conversion Agreement”), which provides that, subject to certain exceptions, all of the Company’s master bottle contracts, allied bottle contracts, Initial CBAs and other bottling agreements with The Coca‑Cola Company or CCR that authorize the Company to produce and/or distribute the Covered Beverages or Related Products, as defined therein, (collectively, the “Bottling Agreements”) would be amended, restated and converted, upon the occurrence of certain events described below, to a new and final comprehensive beverage agreement (the “Final CBA”).
 
The conversion would include all of the Company’s then existing Bottling Agreements in the Expansion Territories and all other territories in the United States where the Company has rights to market, promote, distribute and sell beverage products owned or licensed by The Coca‑Cola Company (the “Legacy Territories”), but would not affect any Bottling Agreements with respect to the greater Lexington, Kentucky territory. At the time of the conversion of the Bottling Agreements for the Legacy Territories to the Final CBA, CCR will pay a fee to the Company in cash, or another mutually agreed form of payment or credit, in an amount equivalent to 0.5 times the EBITDA the Company generates from sales in the Legacy Territories of Beverages (as defined in the Final CBA) either (i) owned by The Coca‑Cola Company or licensed to The Coca‑Cola Company and sublicensed to the Company, or (ii) owned by or licensed to Monster Energy Company (“Monster”) on which the Company pays, and The Coca‑Cola Company receives, a facilitation fee.
 
The Company may elect to cause the conversion of the Bottling Agreements to the Final CBA to occur at any time by giving written notice to The Coca‑Cola Company. As the transactions contemplated by the September 2015 APA have now been consummated, the conversion will occur automatically upon the earliest of (i) the consummation of all remaining transactions described in the September 2016 Distribution APA (the “Subsequent Phase Territory Transactions”), (ii) January 1, 2020, as long as The Coca‑Cola Company has satisfied certain obligations described in the Territory Conversion Agreement regarding its intent to complete the Subsequent Phase Territory Transactions, or (iii) 30 days following the Company’s (a) termination of good faith negotiations of the Subsequent Phase Territory Transactions on terms similar to the terms for the transactions completed under the September 2015 APA or (b) notification that it no longer wants to pursue the Subsequent Phase Territory Transactions.
 
The Final CBA is similar to the Initial CBA in many respects, but also includes certain modifications and several new business, operational and governance provisions. For example, the Final CBA contains provisions that apply in the event of a potential sale of the Company or its aggregate businesses directly and primarily related to the marketing, promotion, distribution, and sale of Covered Beverages and Related Products (collectively, the “Business”). Under the Final CBA, the Company may only sell the Business to The Coca‑Cola Company or third party buyers approved by The Coca‑Cola Company. The Company annually can obtain a list of such approved third party buyers from The Coca‑Cola Company or, upon receipt of a third party offer to purchase the Business, may seek approval of such buyer by The Coca‑Cola Company. In addition, the Final CBA contains a sale process that would apply if the Company notifies The Coca‑Cola Company that it wishes to sell the Business to The Coca‑Cola Company.
 
In such event, if the Company and The Coca‑Cola Company are unable in good faith to negotiate terms and conditions of a binding purchase and sale agreement, including the purchase price for the Business, then the Company may either withdraw from negotiations with The Coca‑Cola Company or initiate a third-party valuation process described in the Final CBA to determine the purchase price for the Business. Upon such third party’s determination of the purchase price, the Company may decide to continue with its potential sale of the Business to The Coca‑Cola Company. The Coca‑Cola Company would then have the option to (i) purchase the Business for such purchase price pursuant to defined terms and conditions set forth in the Final CBA, including, to the extent not otherwise agreed by the Company and The Coca‑Cola Company, default non-price terms and conditions of the acquisition agreement, or (ii) elect not to purchase the Business, in which case the Final CBA would automatically be amended to, among other things, permit the Company to sell the Business to any third party without obtaining The Coca‑Cola Company’s prior approval of such third party.
 
The Final CBA also includes terms that would apply in the event The Coca‑Cola Company terminates the Final CBA following the Company’s default thereunder. These terms include a requirement that The Coca‑Cola Company acquire the Business upon such termination as well as the purchase price payable to the Company in such sale. The Final CBA specifies that the purchase price would be determined in accordance with a third-party valuation process equivalent to that employed if the Company notifies The Coca‑Cola Company that it desires to sell the Business to The Coca‑Cola Company; provided, the purchase price would be 85%
35

 
of the valuation of the Business determined in the third-party valuation process if the Final CBA is terminated as a result of the Company’s willful misconduct in violating certain obligations in the Final CBA with respect to dealing in other beverage products and other business activities, if a change in control occurs without the consent of The Coca‑Cola Company or if the Company disposes of a majority of the voting power of any subsidiary of the Company that is a party to an agreement regarding the distribution or sale of Covered Beverages or Related Products.
 
Under the Final CBA, the Company will be required to ensure it achieves an equivalent case volume per capita change rate that is not less than one standard deviation below the median of such rates for all U.S. Coca‑Cola bottlers. If the Company fails to comply with the equivalent case volume per capita change rate obligation for two consecutive years, it would have a twelve-month cure period to achieve an equivalent case volume per capita change rate within such standard before it would be considered in breach under the Final CBA and the previously described termination provisions are triggered. The Final CBA also requires the Company to make minimum, ongoing capital expenditures at a specified level.
 
Sale of BYB Brands, Inc.
 
On August 24, 2015, the Company sold BYB Brands, Inc. (“BYB”), a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company to The Coca‑Cola Company. Pursuant to the stock purchase agreement dated July 22, 2015, the Company sold all the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of BYB for a cash purchase price of $26.4 million. As a result of the sale, the Company recognized a gain of $22.7 million, which was recorded to Gain on sale of business in the consolidated financial statements in 2015. BYB contributed the following amounts to the Company’s consolidated statement of operations:
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
(in thousands)	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	
Net sales	 	$	23,875	 	 	$	34,089	 	
Operating income (loss)	 	 	1,809	 	 	 	(357	)	
 
Monster Distribution Agreement
 
In March 2015, the Company and Monster Energy Company (“Monster”) entered into a distribution agreement granting the Company rights to distribute energy drink products packaged and/or marketed by Monster throughout all geographic territories the Company currently services for the distribution of Coca‑Cola products, commencing April 6, 2015. Previously, the Company only distributed Monster products in certain portions of the Company’s territories.
 
Net Sales by Product Category
 
The Company’s net sales in the last three fiscal years by product category were as follows:
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
(in thousands)	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	
Bottle/can sales*:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Sparkling beverages (carbonated)	 	$	1,764,558	 	 	$	1,323,712	 	 	$	1,064,036	 	
Still beverages (noncarbonated, including energy products)	 	 	892,125	 	 	 	577,872	 	 	 	339,904	 	
Total bottle/can sales	 	 	2,656,683	 	 	 	1,901,584	 	 	 	1,403,940	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Other sales:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Sales to other Coca-Cola bottlers	 	 	238,182	 	 	 	178,777	 	 	 	162,346	 	
Post-mix and other	 	 	261,563	 	 	 	226,097	 	 	 	180,083	 	
Total other sales	 	 	499,745	 	 	 	404,874	 	 	 	342,429	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total net sales	 	$	3,156,428	 	 	$	2,306,458	 	 	$	1,746,369	 	
 
*	NOTE: During the second quarter of 2016, energy products were moved from the category of sparkling beverages to still beverages, which has been reflected in all periods presented. Total bottle/can sales remain unchanged in prior periods.	
 
Areas of Emphasis
 
Key priorities for the Company include territory and manufacturing expansion, revenue management, product innovation and beverage portfolio expansion, distribution cost management, and productivity.
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Revenue Management:  Revenue management requires a strategy that reflects consideration for pricing of brands and packages within product categories and channels, highly effective working relationships with customers and disciplined fact-based decision-making. Revenue management has been and continues to be a key driver which has a significant impact on the Company’s results of operations.
 
Product Innovation and Beverage Portfolio Expansion:  Innovation of both new brands and packages has been and is expected to continue to be important to the Company’s overall revenue. Recent product introductions from the Company and The Coca‑Cola Company include new flavor varieties within certain brands such as Fanta Sparkling Fruit, Minute Maid Refreshment, Monster, Dasani Drops, NOS, and Dasani Sparkling. New packaging introductions over the last several years include the 253 ml bottle, the 1.25-liter bottle, the 7.5-ounce sleek can, the 2-liter contour bottle for Coca‑Cola products, and the 16-ounce bottle/24-ounce bottle package.
 
Distribution Cost Management:  Distribution costs represent the costs of transporting finished goods from Company locations to customer outlets. Total distribution costs amounted to $314.3 million, $222.9 million and $211.6 million in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Management of these costs will continue to be a key area of emphasis for the Company.
 
The Company has three primary delivery systems:
 
 	•	bulk delivery for large supermarkets, mass merchandisers and club stores;	

 	•	advanced sale delivery for convenience stores, drug stores, small supermarkets and on-premises accounts; and	

 	•	full service delivery for its full service vending customers.	
 
Productivity:  A key driver in the Company’s selling, delivery and administrative (“S,D&A”) expense management relates to ongoing improvements in labor productivity and asset productivity.
 
Items Impacting Operations and Financial Condition
 
The comparison of operating results for 2015 to the operating results for 2016 and 2014 are affected by the impact of one additional selling week in 2015 due to the Company’s fiscal year ending on the Sunday closest to December 31 st . The estimated net sales, gross profit and S,D&A expenses for the additional selling week in 2015 of approximately $39 million, $14 million and $10 million, respectively, are included in reported results in 2015.
 
The following items also affect the comparability of the financial results presented below:
 
2016
 
 	•	$1.06 billion in net sales and $24.3 million of operating income related to the Expansion Territories and Regional Manufacturing Facilities;	

 	•	$32.3 million of expenses related to acquiring and transitioning Expansion Territories and Regional Manufacturing Facilities;	

 	•	$4.7 million pretax favorable mark-to-market adjustments related to our commodity hedging program;	

 	•	$4.0 million of additional expense related to increased charitable contributions; and	

 	•	$1.9 million recorded in other expense as a result of a favorable fair value adjustment to the Company’s contingent consideration liability related to the Expansion Territories;	
 
2015
 
 	•	$437.0 million in net sales and $6.9 million of operating income related to Expansion Territories;	

 	•	$22.7 million gain on the sale of BYB;	

 	•	$20.0 million of expenses related to acquiring and transitioning Expansion Territories;	

 	•	$8.8 million gain on the exchange of certain Expansion Territories and related assets and liabilities;	

 	•	$3.6 million recorded in other expense as a result of an unfavorable fair value adjustment to the Company’s contingent consideration liability related to the Expansion Territories;	

 	•	$3.4 million pre-tax unfavorable mark-to-market adjustments related to our commodity hedging program;	
 
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2014
 
 	•	$45.1 million in net sales and $3.4 million of operating income related to Expansion Territories;	

 	•	$12.9 million of expenses related to acquiring and transitioning Expansion Territories; and	

 	•	$1.1 million recorded in other expense as a result of an unfavorable fair value adjustment to the Company’s contingent consideration liability related to the Expansion Territories.	
 
Results of Operations
 
2016 Compared to 2015
 
A summary of the Company’s financial results for 2016 and 2015:
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
(in thousands)	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	 	Change	 	 	% Change	 	
Net sales	 	$	3,156,428	 	 	$	2,306,458	 	 	$	849,970	 	 	36.9%	 	
Cost of sales	 	 	1,940,706	 	 	 	1,405,426	 	 	 	535,280	 	 	 	38.1	 	
Gross profit	 	 	1,215,722	 	 	 	901,032	 	 	 	314,690	 	 	 	34.9	 	
S,D&A expenses	 	 	1,087,863	 	 	 	802,888	 	 	 	284,975	 	 	 	35.5	 	
Income from operations	 	 	127,859	 	 	 	98,144	 	 	 	29,715	 	 	 	30.3	 	
Interest expense, net	 	 	36,325	 	 	 	28,915	 	 	 	7,410	 	 	 	25.6	 	
Other income (expense), net	 	 	1,870	 	 	 	(3,576	)	 	 	5,446	 	 	 	(152.3	)	
Gain (loss) on exchange of franchise territory	 	 	(692	)	 	 	8,807	 	 	 	(9,499	)	 	 	(107.9	)	
Gain on sale of business	 	 	-	 	 	 	22,651	 	 	 	(22,651	)	 	 	(100.0	)	
Bargain purchase gain, net of tax of $1,265	 	 	-	 	 	 	2,011	 	 	 	(2,011	)	 	 	(100.0	)	
Income before taxes	 	 	92,712	 	 	 	99,122	 	 	 	(6,410	)	 	 	(6.5	)	
Income tax expense	 	 	36,049	 	 	 	34,078	 	 	 	1,971	 	 	 	5.8	 	
Net income	 	 	56,663	 	 	 	65,044	 	 	 	(8,381	)	 	 	(12.9	)	
Less:  Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest	 	 	6,517	 	 	 	6,042	 	 	 	475	 	 	 	7.9	 	
Net income attributable to Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated	 	$	50,146	 	 	$	59,002	 	 	$	(8,856	)	 	(15.0)%	 	
 
Net Sales
 
Net sales increased $850.0 million, or 36.9%, to $3.16 billion in 2016, as compared to $2.31 billion in 2015. The increase in net sales was principally attributable to the following (in millions):
 
2016	 	 	Attributable to:	
$	773.6	 	 	Net sales increase related to the 2016 Expansion Territories, partially offset by the 2015 comparable sales of Legacy Territories exchanged for Expansion Territories in 2015	
 	54.4	 	 	3.3% increase in bottle/can sales volume to retail customers in the Legacy Territories, primarily due to an increase in still beverages	
 	22.6	 	 	Increase in external transportation revenue	
 	(21.8	)	 	Decrease in sales of the Company's own brand products, primarily due to the sale of BYB in the third quarter of 2015	
 	15.3	 	 	0.9% increase in bottle/can sales price per unit to retail customers in the Company's Legacy Territories, primarily due to an increase in energy beverage volume, including Monster products, which have a higher sales price per unit, and an increase in all beverage categories sales price per unit except the water beverage category	
 	5.9	 	 	Other	
$	850.0	 	 	Total increase in net sales	
 
The Company’s bottle/can sales to retail customers accounted for approximately 84% of the Company’s total net sales in 2016, as compared to approximately 82% in 2015. Bottle/can net pricing is based on the invoice price charged to customers reduced by promotional allowances. Bottle/can net pricing per unit is impacted by the price charged per package, the volume generated in each package and the channels in which those packages are sold.
 
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Product category sales volume in 2016 and 2015 as a percentage of total bottle/can sales volume and the percentage change by product category were as follows:
 
 	 	Bottle/Can Sales Volume	 	 	Bottle/Can Sales	 	
Product Category	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	 	Volume Increase	 	
Sparkling beverages	 	 	71.2	%	 	 	73.4	%	 	 	32.5	%	
Still beverages (including energy products)	 	 	28.8	%	 	 	26.6	%	 	 	47.3	%	
Total bottle/can sales volume	 	 	100.0	%	 	 	100.0	%	 	 	36.4	%	
 
Bottle/can volume to retail customers, excluding Expansion Territories, increased 3.3%, which represented a 0.8% increase in sparkling beverages and a 10.3% increase in still beverages in 2016, as compared to 2015. The increase in still beverages was primarily due to increases in energy beverages, which was primarily due to the Company expanding the territories in which it distributes Monster products.
 
The Company’s products are sold and distributed through various channels, which include selling directly to retail stores and other outlets such as food markets, institutional accounts and vending machine outlets. During 2016, approximately 66% of the Company’s bottle/can volume to retail customers was sold for future consumption, while the remaining bottle/can volume to retail customers was sold for immediate consumption. All the Company’s beverage sales were to customers in the United States. The Company recorded delivery fees in net sales of $6.0 million in 2016 and $6.3 million in 2015. These fees are used to offset a portion of the Company’s delivery and handling costs.
 
The following table summarizes the percentage of the Company’s total bottle/can volume and the percentage of the Company’s total net sales, which are all included in the Nonalcoholic Beverages operating segment, attributed to its largest customers:
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
Customer	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	
Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Approximate percent of the Company's total Bottle/can volume	 	 	20	%	 	 	22	%	
Approximate percent of the Company's total Net sales	 	 	14	%	 	 	15	%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Food Lion, LLC	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Approximate percent of the Company's total Bottle/can volume	 	 	8	%	 	 	7	%	
Approximate percent of the Company's total Net sales	 	 	5	%	 	 	5	%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
The Kroger Company	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Approximate percent of the Company's total Bottle/can volume	 	 	6	%	 	 	6	%	
Approximate percent of the Company's total Net sales	 	 	5	%	 	 	5	%	
 
Cost of Sales
 
Cost of sales includes the following: raw material costs, manufacturing labor, manufacturing overhead including depreciation expense, manufacturing warehousing costs, shipping and handling costs related to the movement of finished goods from manufacturing locations to sales distribution centers and purchase of finished goods.
 
Cost of sales increased $535.3 million, or 38.1%, to $1.94 billion in 2016, as compared to $1.41 billion in 2015. The increase in cost of sales was principally attributable to the following (in millions):
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2016	 	 	Attributable to:	
$	493.9	 	 	Net sales increase related to the 2016 Expansion Territories, partially offset by the 2015 comparable sales of Legacy Territories exchanged for Expansion Territories in 2015	
 	30.7	 	 	3.3% increase in bottle/can sales volume to retail customers in the Legacy Territories, primarily due to an increase in still beverages	
 	19.3	 	 	Increase in raw material costs and increased purchases of finished products	
 	18.0	 	 	Increase in external transportation cost of sales	
 	(13.2	)	 	Increase in marketing funding support received for the Legacy Territories, primarily from The Coca-Cola Company	
 	(11.6	)	 	Decrease in cost of sales of the Company’s own brand products, primarily due to the sale of BYB in the third quarter of 2015	
 	(5.3	)	 	Increase in cost due to the Company's commodity hedging program	
 	3.5	 	 	Other	
$	535.3	 	 	Total increase in cost of sales	
 
The following inputs represent a substantial portion of the Company’s total cost of sales: (i) sweeteners, (ii) packaging materials, including plastic bottles and aluminum cans, and (iii) finished products purchased from other vendors.
 
The Company relies extensively on advertising and sales promotion in the marketing of its products. The Coca‑Cola Company and other beverage companies that supply concentrates, syrups and finished products to the Company make substantial marketing and advertising expenditures to promote sales in the local territories served by the Company. The Company also benefits from national advertising programs conducted by The Coca‑Cola Company and other beverage companies. Certain of the marketing expenditures by The Coca‑Cola Company and other beverage companies are made pursuant to annual arrangements. Total marketing funding support from The Coca‑Cola Company and other beverage companies, which includes direct payments to the Company and payments to customers for marketing programs, was $99.4 million in 2016, as compared to $72.2 million in 2015.
 
The Company’s cost of sales may not be comparable to other peer companies, as some include all costs related to their distribution network in cost of sales. The Company includes a portion of these costs in S,D&A expenses.
 
S,D&A Expenses
 
S,D&A expenses include the following: sales management labor costs, distribution costs from sales distribution centers to customer locations, sales distribution center warehouse costs, depreciation expense related to sales centers, delivery vehicles and cold drink equipment, point-of-sale expenses, advertising expenses, cold drink equipment repair costs, amortization of intangibles and administrative support labor and operating costs.
 
40

 
S,D&A expenses increased by $285.0 million, or 35.5%, to $1.09 billion in 2016, as compared to $802.9 million in 2015. S,D&A expenses as a percentage of sales decreased to 34.5% in 2016 from 34.8% in 2015. The increase in S,D&A expenses was principally attributable to the following (in millions):
 
2016	 	 	Attributable to:	
$	141.1	 	 	Increase in employee salaries including bonus and incentives due to additional personnel added from the Expansion Territories and normal salary increases	
 	23.9	 	 	Increase in depreciation and amortization of property, plant and equipment primarily due to depreciation for fleet and vending equipment in the Expansion Territories	
 	18.1	 	 	Increase in employee benefit costs primarily due to additional medical expense and increased 401(k) employer matching contributions for employees in the Expansion Territories	
 	12.3	 	 	Increase in expenses related to the Expansion Territories, primarily professional fees related to due diligence	
 	11.7	 	 	Increase in marketing expense primarily due to increased spending for promotional items and media and cold drink sponsorships	
 	11.0	 	 	Increase in employer payroll taxes primarily due to payroll in the Expansion Territories	
 	7.2	 	 	Increase in property and casualty insurance expense primarily due to an increase in insurance premiums and insurance claims from the addition of the Expansion Territories	
 	6.6	 	 	Increase in vending and fountain parts expense due to the addition of the Expansion Territories	
 	6.1	 	 	Increase in software expenses primarily due to investment in technology for the Expansion Territories	
 	5.7	 	 	Increase in property, vehicle and other taxes due to the addition of the Expansion Territories	
 	4.6	 	 	Increase in rental expense due primarily to additional equipment and facilities rent expense for the Expansion Territories	
 	4.2	 	 	Increase in facilities non-rent expenses related to new facilities added in the Expansion Territories	
 	4.0	 	 	Increase in charitable contributions made during the first quarter of 2016	
 	19.9	 	 	Other individually immaterial expense increases primarily related to the Expansion Territories	
 	8.6	 	 	Other individually immaterial increases	
$	285.0	 	 	Total increase in S,D&A expenses	
 
Shipping and handling costs related to the movement of finished goods from manufacturing locations to sales distribution centers are included in cost of sales. Shipping and handling costs related to the movement of finished goods from sales distribution centers to customer locations are included in S,D&A expenses and totaled $314.3 million in 2016 and $222.9 million in 2015.
 
Interest Expense, Net
 
Interest expense, net, increased $7.4 million, or 25.6%, to $36.3 million in 2016, as compared to $28.9 million in 2015. The increase was primarily a result of additional borrowings to finance the territory expansion.
 
Other Income (Expense), Net
 
Other income (expense), net, included noncash income of $1.9 million in 2016 and a noncash expense of $3.6 million in 2015 as a result of fair value adjustments of the Company’s contingent consideration liability related to the Expansion Territories. The adjustment was primarily a result of a change in the risk-free interest rates. As the contingent consideration is calculated using 40 years of discounted cash flows, any reductions in contingent consideration due to current payments of the liability are effectively marked to market at the next reporting period, assuming interest rates and future projections remain constant.
 
Each reporting period, the Company adjusts its contingent consideration liability related to the newly-acquired distribution territories to fair value. The fair value is determined by discounting future expected sub-bottling payments required under the CBAs using the Company’s estimated weighted average cost of capital (“WACC”), which is impacted by many factors, including the risk-free interest rate. These future expected sub-bottling payments extend through the life of the related distribution asset acquired in each distribution territory expansion, which is generally 40 years. In addition, the Company is required to pay quarterly the current portion of the sub-bottling fee. As a result, the fair value of the acquisition related contingent consideration liability is impacted by the Company’s estimated WACC, management’s best estimate of the amounts of sub-bottling payments that will be paid in the future under the CBAs, and current period sub-bottling payments made. Changes in any of these factors, particularly the underlying risk-free interest rate used to estimate the Company’s WACC, could materially impact the fair value of the acquisition-related contingent consideration and consequently the amount of noncash expense (or income) recorded each reporting period.
 
41

 
Gain (Loss) on Exchange of Franchise Territory
 
During 2015, the Company and CCR completed a like-kind exchange transaction where CCR agreed to exchange certain assets of CCR relating to the marketing, promotion, distribution and sale of Coca-Cola and other beverage products in the territory served by CCR’s facilities and equipment located in Lexington, Kentucky in exchange for certain assets of the Company relating to the marketing, promotion, distribution and sale of Coca-Cola and other beverage products in the territory served by the Company’s facilities and equipment located in Jackson, Tennessee. The fair value in 2015 of the Lexington net assets acquired totaled $36.8 million and the Company paid cash of approximately $10.5 million. The carrying value of the Jackson net assets was $17.5 million, resulting in a net gain of $8.8 million. The balances of net assets acquired and cash paid were subsequently adjusted in 2016 as a result of final post-closing adjustments. See Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements for additional information.
 
Gain on Sale of Business
 
During 2015, the Company sold BYB, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, to The Coca‑Cola Company. The Company received cash proceeds of $26.4 million. The net assets of BYB at closing totaled $3.7 million, which resulted in a gain of $22.7 million in 2015.
 
Bargain Purchase Gain, Net of Tax
 
In addition to the acquired Expansion Territories, the Company also acquired a “make-ready center” in Annapolis, Maryland from CCR for approximately $5.3 million in 2015. The cash paid was subsequently adjusted in 2016 as a result of final post-closing adjustments. See Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements for additional information. The fair value of the net assets acquired totaled $7.3 million, which resulted in a bargain purchase gain of approximately $2.0 million, net of tax of approximately $1.3 million, recorded in 2015.
 
Income Tax Expense
 
The Company’s effective tax rate, calculated by dividing income tax expense by income before income taxes, was 38.9% for 2016 and 34.4% for 2015. The increase in the effective tax rate was driven primarily by a decrease to the favorable manufacturing deduction, as a percentage of pre-tax income, less of a decrease to the valuation allowance in 2016 as compared to 2015, and an increase in non-deductible travel expense. The Company’s effective tax rate, calculated by dividing income tax expense by income before income taxes minus net income attributable to noncontrolling interest, was 41.8% for 2016 and 36.6% for 2015.
 
Noncontrolling Interest
 
The Company recorded net income attributable to noncontrolling interest of $6.5 million in 2016 and $6.0 million in 2015 related to the portion of Piedmont owned by The Coca‑Cola Company.
 
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax
 
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax, was $10.5 million in 2016 and was primarily a result of actuarial losses on the Company’s pension and postretirement benefit plans.
 
42

 
2015 Compared to 2014
 
A summary of the Company’s financial results for 2015 and 2014 follows:
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
(in thousands)	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	 	Change	 	 	% Change	 	
Net sales	 	$	2,306,458	 	 	$	1,746,369	 	 	$	560,089	 	 	32.1%	 	
Cost of sales	 	 	1,405,426	 	 	 	1,041,130	 	 	 	364,296	 	 	 	35.0	 	
Gross profit	 	 	901,032	 	 	 	705,239	 	 	 	195,793	 	 	 	27.8	 	
S,D&A expenses	 	 	802,888	 	 	 	619,272	 	 	 	183,616	 	 	 	29.7	 	
Income from operations	 	 	98,144	 	 	 	85,967	 	 	 	12,177	 	 	 	14.2	 	
Interest expense, net	 	 	28,915	 	 	 	29,272	 	 	 	(357	)	 	 	(1.2	)	
Other income (expense), net	 	 	(3,576	)	 	 	(1,077	)	 	 	(2,499	)	 	 	232.0	 	
Gain on exchange of franchise territory	 	 	8,807	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	8,807	 	 	 	-	 	
Gain on sale of business	 	 	22,651	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	22,651	 	 	 	-	 	
Bargain purchase gain, net of tax of $1,265	 	 	2,011	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	2,011	 	 	 	-	 	
Income before taxes	 	 	99,122	 	 	 	55,618	 	 	 	43,504	 	 	 	78.2	 	
Income tax expense	 	 	34,078	 	 	 	19,536	 	 	 	14,542	 	 	 	74.4	 	
Net income	 	 	65,044	 	 	 	36,082	 	 	 	28,962	 	 	 	80.3	 	
Less:  Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest	 	 	6,042	 	 	 	4,728	 	 	 	1,314	 	 	 	27.8	 	
Net income attributable to Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated	 	$	59,002	 	 	$	31,354	 	 	$	27,648	 	 	88.2%	 	
 
Net Sales
 
Net sales increased $560.1 million, or 32.1%, to $2.31 billion in 2015, as compared to $1.75 billion in 2014. The increase in net sales was primarily attributable to the following (in millions):
 
2015	 	 	Attributable to:	
$	373.4	 	 	Net sales increase related to the 2015 Expansion Territories, partially offset by the 2014 comparable sales of Legacy Territories exchanged for Expansion Territories in 2015	
 	80.3	 	 	6.0% increase in bottle/can sales volume to retail customers in the Legacy Territories, primarily due to an increase in still beverages	
 	69.3	 	 	4.9% increase in bottle/can sales price per unit to retail customers in the Legacy Territories, primarily due to an increase in energy beverage volume which have a higher sales price per unit, and an increase in all beverage categories sales price per unit except the water beverage category	
 	25.8	 	 	Increase in external transportation revenue	
 	12.4	 	 	7.6% increase in sales volume to other Coca-Cola bottlers, primarily due to a volume increase in all beverage categories	
 	(9.1	)	 	Decrease in sales of the Company's own brand products, primarily due to the sale of BYB in the third quarter of 2015	
 	4.0	 	 	2.3% increase in sales price per unit of sales to other Coca-Cola bottlers primarily due to a higher percentage of still beverages, which have a higher sales price per unit than non-energy sparkling beverages	
 	3.0	 	 	3.4% increase in post-mix sales price per unit	
 	1.0	 	 	Other	
$	560.1	 	 	Total increase in net sales	
 
The Company’s bottle/can sales to retail customers accounted for approximately 82% of the Company’s total net sales in 2015, as compared to approximately 80% in 2014. Product category sales volume in 2015 and 2014 as a percentage of total bottle/can sales volume and the percentage change by product category were as follows:
 
 	 	Bottle/Can Sales Volume	 	 	Bottle/Can Sales	 	
Product Category	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	 	Volume Increase	 	
Sparkling beverages	 	 	73.4	%	 	 	76.2	%	 	 	24.1	%	
Still beverages (including energy products)	 	 	26.6	%	 	 	23.8	%	 	 	44.4	%	
Total bottle/can sales volume	 	 	100.0	%	 	 	100.0	%	 	 	28.9	%	
 
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Bottle/can volume to retail customers, excluding Expansion Territories, increased 6.0%, which represented a 2.1% increase in sparkling beverages and a 19.9% increase in still beverages in 2015, as compared to 2014.
 
During 2015, approximately 68% of the Company’s bottle/can volume to retail customers was sold for future consumption, while the remaining bottle/can volume to retail customers was sold for immediate consumption. All the Company’s beverage sales were to customers in the United States. The Company recorded delivery fees in net sales of $6.3 million in 2015 and $6.2 million in 2014.
 
The following table summarizes the percentage of the Company’s total bottle/can volume and the percentage of the Company’s total net sales, which are all included in the Nonalcoholic Beverages operating segment, attributed to its largest customers:
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
Customer	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	
Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Approximate percent of the Company's total Bottle/can volume	 	 	22	%	 	 	22	%	
Approximate percent of the Company's total Net sales	 	 	15	%	 	 	15	%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Food Lion, LLC	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Approximate percent of the Company's total Bottle/can volume	 	 	7	%	 	 	9	%	
Approximate percent of the Company's total Net sales	 	 	5	%	 	 	6	%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
The Kroger Company	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Approximate percent of the Company's total Bottle/can volume	 	 	6	%	 	 	5	%	
Approximate percent of the Company's total Net sales	 	 	5	%	 	 	4	%	
 
Cost of Sales
 
Cost of sales increased $364.3 million, or 35.0%, to $1.41 billion in 2015, as compared to $1.04 billion in 2014. The increase in cost of sales was principally attributable to the following (in millions):
 
2015	 	 	Attributable to:	
$	239.2	 	 	Net sales increase related to the 2015 Expansion Territories, partially offset by the 2014 comparable sales of Legacy Territories exchanged for Expansion Territories in 2015	
 	47.1	 	 	Increase in raw material costs and increased purchases of finished products	
 	46.6	 	 	6.0% increase in bottle/can sales volume to retail customers in the  Legacy Territories, primarily due to an increase in still beverages	
 	20.9	 	 	Increase in external transportation cost of sales	
 	11.9	 	 	7.6% increase in sales volume to other Coca-Cola bottlers, primarily due to a volume increase in all beverage categories	
 	(8.6	)	 	Increase in marketing funding support received for the Legacy Territories, primarily from The Coca-Cola Company	
 	6.4	 	 	Increase in manufacturing cost (primarily labor expense)	
 	(5.1	)	 	Decrease in cost of sales of the Company’s own brand products, primarily due to the sale of BYB in the third quarter of 2015	
 	4.1	 	 	Increase in cost due to the Company's commodity hedging program	
 	1.8	 	 	Other	
$	364.3	 	 	Total increase in cost of sales	
 
Total marketing funding support from The Coca‑Cola Company and other beverage companies, which includes direct payments to the Company and payments to customers for marketing programs, was $72.2 million in 2015, as compared to $55.4 million in 2014.
 
44

 
S,D&A Expenses
 
S,D&A expenses increased by $183.6 million, or 29.7%, to $802.9 million in 2015, as compared to $619.3 million in 2014. S,D&A expenses as a percentage of sales decreased to 34.8% in 2015 from 35.5% in 2014. The increase in S,D&A expenses was principally attributable to the following (in millions):
 
2015	 	 	Attributable to:	
$	90.7	 	 	Increase in employee salaries including bonus and incentive compensation as a result of normal salary increases and additional personnel added from the Expansion Territories	
 	15.4	 	 	Increase in depreciation and amortization of property, plant and equipment primarily due to depreciation for fleet and vending equipment in the Expansion Territories	
 	13.3	 	 	Increase in employee benefit costs primarily due to additional medical expense (for employees from the Expansion Territories), increased pension expense and increased 401(k) employer matching contributions offset by decreased retiree medical benefits for legacy employees	
 	7.1	 	 	Increase in professional fees expense primarily resulting from due diligence related to the Expansion Territories	
 	6.1	 	 	Increase in marketing expense primarily due to increased spending for promotional items and media and cold drink sponsorship in the Expansion Territories	
 	5.9	 	 	Increase in employer payroll taxes primarily due to payroll in the Expansion Territories	
 	5.9	 	 	Increase in vending and fountain parts expense due to the addition of the Expansion Territories	
 	18.3	 	 	Other individually immaterial expense increases primarily related to the Expansion Territories	
 	20.9	 	 	Other individually immaterial increases	
$	183.6	 	 	Total increase in S,D&A expenses	
 
Shipping and handling costs related to the movement of finished goods from sales distribution centers to customer locations totaled $222.9 million in 2015 and $211.6 million in 2014.
 
S,D&A expense of $1.6 million in 2015 and $0.2 million in 2014 was recorded for the two Company-sponsored pension plans.
 
During 2015 and 2014, the Company matched the maximum 5% of participants’ contributions on its 401(k) Savings Plan, for a total expense of $9.4 million and $7.7 million, respectively.
 
Certain employees of the Company participate in a multi-employer pension plan, the Employers-Teamsters Local Union Nos. 175 and 505 Pension Fund (the “Teamsters Plan”), to which the Company makes monthly contributions on behalf of such employees. In 2015, the Company increased the contribution rates to the Teamsters Plan, with additional increases occurring annually, as part of a rehabilitation plan. This is a result of the Teamsters Plan being certified by its actuary as being in “critical” status for the plan year beginning January 1, 2013, which was incorporated into the renewal of collective bargaining agreements with the unions, effective April 28, 2014, and adopted by the Company as a rehabilitation plan, effective January 1, 2015.
 
If the Company chooses to stop participating in the Teamsters Plan, the Company could be required to pay the Teamsters Plan a withdrawal liability based on the underfunded status of the Teamsters Plan. The Company does not anticipate withdrawing from the Teamsters Plan.
 
Interest Expense, Net
 
Interest expense, net, decreased $0.4 million, or 1.2%, to $28.9 million in 2015, as compared to $29.3 million in 2014. The decrease was primarily related to a decrease in the Company’s overall weighted average interest rate on its debt and capital lease obligations to 4.7% during 2015 from 5.7% during 2014.
 
Other Income (Expense), Net
 
Other income (expense), net, included a noncash expense of $3.6 million in 2015 and a noncash expense of $1.1 million in 2014 as a result of an unfavorable fair value adjustment of the Company’s contingent consideration liability related to the Expansion Territories. The adjustment was primarily driven by current payments of sub-bottler fees in 2015. As the contingent consideration is calculated using 40 years of discounted cash flows, any reductions in contingent consideration due to current payments of the liability are effectively marked to market at the next reporting period, assuming interest rates and future projections remain constant.
 
45

 
Gain (Loss) on Exchange of Franchise Territory
 
During 2015, the Company and CCR completed a like-kind exchange transaction where CCR agreed to exchange certain assets of CCR relating to the marketing, promotion, distribution and sale of Coca-Cola and other beverage products in the territory served by CCR’s facilities and equipment located in Lexington, Kentucky in exchange for certain assets of the Company relating to the marketing, promotion, distribution and sale of Coca-Cola and other beverage products in the territory served by the Company’s facilities and equipment located in Jackson, Tennessee. The fair value in 2015 of the Lexington net assets acquired totaled $36.8 million and the Company paid cash of approximately $10.5 million. The carrying value of the Jackson net assets was $17.5 million, resulting in a net gain of $8.8 million. The balances of net assets acquired and cash paid were subsequently adjusted in 2016 as a result of final post-closing adjustments. See Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements for additional information.
 
Gain on Sale of Business
 
During 2015, the Company sold BYB, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, to The Coca‑Cola Company. The Company received cash proceeds of $26.4 million. The net assets of BYB at closing totaled $3.7 million, which resulted in a gain of $22.7 million in 2015.
 
Bargain Purchase Gain, Net of Tax
 
In addition to the acquired Expansion Territories, the Company also acquired a “make-ready center” in Annapolis, Maryland from CCR for approximately $5.3 million in 2015. The cash paid was subsequently adjusted in 2016 as a result of final post-closing adjustments. See Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements for additional information. The fair value of the net assets acquired totaled $7.3 million, which resulted in a bargain purchase gain of approximately $2.0 million, net of tax of approximately $1.3 million, recorded in 2015.
 
Income Tax Expense
 
The Company’s effective tax rate, calculated by dividing income tax expense by income before income taxes, was 34.4% for 2015 and 35.1% for 2014. The decrease in the effective tax rate resulted primarily from a state tax legislation target that was met that caused a reduction to the corporate tax rate in 2015 and reductions to the valuation allowance due to the Company’s assessment of the Company’s ability to use certain loss carryforwards primarily related to the sale of BYB. The Company’s effective tax rate, as calculated by dividing income tax expense by income before income taxes less net income attributable to noncontrolling interest, was 36.6% for 2015 and 38.4% for 2014.
 
The Company decreased its valuation allowance by $1.3 million for 2015 and increased its valuation allowance by $1.2 million for 2014. The effect for both years was primarily due to the Company’s assessment of its ability to use certain loss carryforwards. See Note 15 to the consolidated financial statements for additional information.
 
Noncontrolling Interest
 
The Company recorded net income attributable to noncontrolling interest of $6.0 million in 2015 and $4.7 million in 2014 related to the portion of Piedmont owned by The Coca-Cola Company.
 
Other Comprehensive Income, Net of Tax
 
Other comprehensive income, net of tax, was $7.5 million in 2015 and was primarily a result of actuarial gains on the Company’s pension and postretirement benefit plans.
 
Segment Operating Results
 
The Company evaluates segment reporting in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification 280, Segment Reporting each reporting period, including evaluating the reporting package reviewed by the Chief Operation Decision Maker (“CODM”). The Company has concluded the Chief Executive Officer, Chief Operating Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as a group, represent the CODM.
 
The Company believes four operating segments exist. Nonalcoholic Beverages represents the vast majority of the Company’s consolidated revenues, operating income, and assets. The remaining three operating segments do not meet the quantitative thresholds for separate reporting, either individually or in the aggregate, and therefore have been combined into an “All Other” reportable segment.
46

 
 
Prior to the sale of BYB in the third quarter of fiscal 2015, the Company believed five operating segments existed. Subsequent to this sale, two operating segments, Franchised Nonalcoholic Beverages and Internally-Developed Nonalcoholic Beverages (made up entirely of BYB), were aggregated due to their similar economic characteristics as well as the similarity of products, production processes, types of customers, methods of distribution, and nature of the regulatory environment. This combined segment is Nonalcoholic Beverages.
 
The Company’s results for its two reportable segments are as follows:
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
(in thousands)	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	
Net Sales:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Nonalcoholic Beverages	 	$	3,060,937	 	 	$	2,245,836	 	 	$	1,710,040	 	
All Other	 	 	234,732	 	 	 	160,191	 	 	 	123,194	 	
Eliminations*	 	 	(139,241	)	 	 	(99,569	)	 	 	(86,865	)	
Consolidated net sales	 	$	3,156,428	 	 	$	2,306,458	 	 	$	1,746,369	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Operating Income:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Nonalcoholic Beverages	 	$	123,230	 	 	$	92,921	 	 	$	82,297	 	
All Other	 	 	4,629	 	 	 	5,223	 	 	 	3,670	 	
Consolidated operating income	 	$	127,859	 	 	$	98,144	 	 	$	85,967	 	
 
Comparable / Adjusted Results
 
The Company reports its financial results in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”). However, management believes certain non-GAAP financial measures provide users with additional meaningful financial information that should be considered when assessing the Company’s ongoing performance. Management also uses these non-GAAP financial measures in making financial, operating and planning decisions and in evaluating the Company's performance. Non-GAAP financial measures should be viewed in addition to, and not as an alternative for, the Company's reported results prepared in accordance with GAAP. The Company’s non-GAAP financial information does not represent a comprehensive basis of accounting.
 
The following tables reconcile reported GAAP results to comparable results (non-GAAP) for 2016 and 2015:
 
 	 	2016	 	
(in thousands, except per share data)	 	Net
sales	 	 	Income from
operations	 	 	Income
before taxes	 	 	Net
income	 	 	Basic net
income per share	 	
Reported results (GAAP)	 	$	3,156,428	 	 	$	127,859	 	 	$	92,712	 	 	$	56,663	 	 	$	5.39	 	
Fair value adjustments for commodity hedges	 	 	-	 	 	 	(4,728	)	 	 	(4,728	)	 	 	(2,908	)	 	 	(0.31	)	
2016 & 2015 acquisitions impact	 	 	(1,061,769	)	 	 	(24,280	)	 	 	(24,280	)	 	 	(14,932	)	 	 	(1.60	)	
Territory expansion expenses	 	 	-	 	 	 	32,274	 	 	 	32,274	 	 	 	19,849	 	 	 	2.13	 	
Special charitable contribution	 	 	-	 	 	 	4,000	 	 	 	4,000	 	 	 	2,460	 	 	 	0.26	 	
Exchange of franchise territories	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	692	 	 	 	426	 	 	 	0.05	 	
Fair value adjustment of acquisition related contingent consideration	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	(1,910	)	 	 	(1,175	)	 	 	(0.13	)	
Total reconciling items	 	 	(1,061,769	)	 	 	7,266	 	 	 	6,048	 	 	 	3,720	 	 	 	0.40	 	
Comparable results (non-GAAP)	 	$	2,094,659	 	 	$	135,125	 	 	$	98,760	 	 	$	60,383	 	 	$	5.79	 	
47

 
 
 	 	2015	 	
(in thousands, except per share data)	 	Net
sales	 	 	Income from
operations	 	 	Income
before taxes	 	 	Net
income	 	 	Basic net
income per share	 	
Reported results (GAAP)	 	$	2,306,458	 	 	$	98,144	 	 	$	99,122	 	 	$	65,044	 	 	$	6.35	 	
Fair value adjustments for commodity hedges	 	 	-	 	 	 	3,439	 	 	 	3,439	 	 	 	2,112	 	 	 	0.22	 	
2015 acquisitions impact	 	 	(278,612	)	 	 	(3,365	)	 	 	(3,365	)	 	 	(2,066	)	 	 	(0.22	)	
2015 divestitures impact	 	 	(31,375	)	 	 	(3,222	)	 	 	(3,222	)	 	 	(1,979	)	 	 	(0.21	)	
Territory expansion expenses	 	 	-	 	 	 	19,982	 	 	 	19,982	 	 	 	12,269	 	 	 	1.32	 	
Exchange of franchise territories	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	(8,807	)	 	 	(5,407	)	 	 	(0.58	)	
Gain on sale of business	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	(22,651	)	 	 	(13,908	)	 	 	(1.49	)	
Bargain purchase gain	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	(3,276	)	 	 	(2,011	)	 	 	(0.22	)	
Fair value adjustment of acquisition related contingent consideration	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	3,576	 	 	 	2,196	 	 	 	0.24	 	
Results of extra week in fiscal year	 	 	(38,587	)	 	 	(4,022	)	 	 	(4,022	)	 	 	(2,416	)	 	 	(0.26	)	
Total reconciling items	 	 	(348,574	)	 	 	12,812	 	 	 	(18,346	)	 	 	(11,210	)	 	 	(1.20	)	
Comparable results (non-GAAP)	 	$	1,957,884	 	 	$	110,956	 	 	$	80,776	 	 	$	53,834	 	 	$	5.15	 	
 
Financial Condition
 
Total assets increased $602.9 million to $2.45 billion at January 1, 2017, as compared to $1.85 billion at January 3, 2016. The increase in total assets was primarily attributable to the acquisition of the Expansion Territories in 2016, contributing to an increase in total assets of $418.7 million as of January 1, 2017. In addition, the Company had additions to property, plant and equipment of $172.6 million during 2016, which excludes $227.1 million in property, plant and equipment acquired in the Expansion Transactions completed in 2016.
 
Net working capital, defined as current assets less current liabilities, increased $27.5 million to $135.9 million at January 1, 2017, from $108.4 million at January 3, 2016.
 
Significant changes in net working capital on January 1, 2017 from January 3, 2016 were as follows:
 
 	•	A decrease in cash and cash equivalents of $33.6 million primarily due to acquisitions of Expansion Territories and Regional Manufacturing Facilities.	

 	•	An increase in accounts receivables, trade of $85.5 million primarily due to accounts receivables from sales in newly acquired territories in 2016.	

 	•	An increase in accounts receivable from The Coca‑Cola Company of $39.0 million and an increase in accounts payable to The Coca‑Cola Company of $56.1 million, primarily as a result of activity from newly acquired territories in 2016 and the timing of payments.	

 	•	An increase in inventories of $54.1 million primarily as a result of inventories acquired from the Expansion Transactions in 2016.	

 	•	An increase in accounts payable, trade of $33.9 million primarily as a result of the Expansion Transactions in 2016.	

 	•	An increase in other accrued liabilities of $29.7 million primarily as a result of the timing of payments and an increase in the current portion of acquisition related contingent consideration.	

 	•	An increase in accrued compensation of $11.0 million primarily as a result of increased incentive compensations accruals resulting from the Company’s financial performance.	
 
Liquidity and Capital Resources
 
Capital Resources
 
The Company’s sources of capital include cash flows from operations, available credit facilities and the issuance of debt and equity securities. The Company has obtained the majority of its long-term debt, other than capital leases, from public markets and bank facilities. Management believes the Company has sufficient sources of capital available to refinance its maturing debt, finance its business plan, including the proposed acquisition of previously announced additional Expansion Territories and Regional Manufacturing Facilities, meet its working capital requirements and maintain an appropriate level of capital spending for at least the next 12 months. The amount and frequency of future dividends will be determined by the Company’s Board of Directors in light of the earnings and financial condition of the Company at such time, and no assurance can be given that dividends will be declared or paid in the future.
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In October 2014, the Company entered into a five-year unsecured revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”), and in April 2015, the Company exercised an accordion feature which established a $450 million aggregate maximum borrowing capacity on the Revolving Credit Facility. The $450 million borrowing capacity includes up to $50 million available for the issuance of letters of credit. Borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility bear interest at a floating base rate or a floating Eurodollar rate plus an applicable margin, dependent on the Company’s credit rating at the time of borrowing. At the Company’s current credit ratings, the Company must pay an annual facility fee of 0.15% of the lenders’ aggregate commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility. The Revolving Credit Facility has a scheduled maturity date of October 16, 2019.
 
The Company currently believes all of the banks participating in the Company’s Revolving Credit Facility have the ability to and will meet any funding requests from the Company. On January 1, 2017, the Company had $152.0 million of outstanding borrowings on the Revolving Credit Facility. On January 3, 2016, the Company had no outstanding borrowings on the Revolving Credit Facility.
 
In June 2016, the Company entered into a five-year term loan agreement for a senior unsecured term loan facility (the “Term Loan Facility”) in the aggregate principal amount of $300 million, maturing June 7, 2021. The Company may request additional term loans under the agreement, provided the Company’s aggregate borrowings under the Term Loan Facility do not exceed $500 million. Borrowings under the Term Loan Facility bear interest at a floating base rate or a floating Eurodollar rate plus an applicable margin, dependent on the Company’s credit rating, at the Company’s option. The Company used $210 million of the proceeds from the Term Loan Facility to repay outstanding indebtedness under the Revolving Credit Facility. The Company then used the remaining proceeds, as well as borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility, to repay the $164.8 million of Senior Notes that matured on June 15, 2016.
 
Both the Revolving Credit Facility and the Term Loan Facility include two financial covenants: a consolidated cash flow/fixed charges ratio and a consolidated funded indebtedness/cash flow ratio, each as defined in the respective agreements. The Company was in compliance with these covenants as of January 1, 2017. These covenants do not currently, and the Company does not anticipate they will, restrict its liquidity or capital resources.
 
All outstanding long-term debt has been issued by the Company and none has been issued by any of its subsidiaries. There are no guarantees of the Company’s debt.
 
The Company’s credit ratings are reviewed periodically by the respective rating agencies. Changes in the Company’s operating results or financial position could result in changes in the Company’s credit ratings. Lower credit ratings could result in higher borrowing costs for the Company or reduced access to capital markets, which could have a material impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations. There were no changes in these credit ratings from the prior year and the credit ratings are currently stable. As of January 1, 2017, the Company’s credit ratings were as follows:
 
 	 	Long-Term Debt	
Standard & Poor’s	 	BBB	
Moody’s	 	Baa2	
 
The indentures under which the Company’s public debt was issued do not include financial covenants but do limit the incurrence of certain liens and encumbrances as well as indebtedness by the Company’s subsidiaries in excess of certain amounts.
 
Net debt and capital lease obligations were summarized as follows:
 
(in thousands)	 	January 1, 2017	 	 	January 3, 2016	 	
Debt	 	$	907,254	 	 	$	619,628	 	
Capital lease obligations	 	 	48,721	 	 	 	55,784	 	
Total debt and capital lease obligations	 	 	955,975	 	 	 	675,412	 	
Less: Cash and cash equivalents	 	 	21,850	 	 	 	55,498	 	
Total net debt and capital lease obligations (1)	 	$	934,125	 	 	$	619,914	 	
 
(1)	The non-GAAP measure “Total net debt and capital lease obligations” is used to provide investors with additional information which management believes is helpful in the evaluation of the Company’s capital structure and financial leverage. This non-GAAP financial information is not presented elsewhere in this report and may not be comparable to the similarly titled measures used by other companies. Additionally, this information should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for performance measures calculated in accordance with GAAP.	
 
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The Company is subject to interest rate risk on its floating rate debt, including the Company’s $450 million Revolving Credit Facility and its $300 million Term Loan Facility. Assuming no changes in the Company’s financial structure, if market interest rates average 1% more over the next twelve months than the interest rates as of January 1, 2017, interest expense for the next twelve months would increase by approximately $4.5 million. Refer to Item 7A for additional information.
 
The Company’s only Level 3 asset or liability is the contingent consideration liability incurred as a result of the Expansion Transactions. There were no transfers from Level 1 or Level 2. Fair value adjustments were noncash, and therefore did not impact the Company’s liquidity or capital resources. Following is a summary of the Level 3 activity:
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
(in thousands)	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	
Opening balance	 	$	136,570	 	 	$	46,850	 	
Increase due to acquisitions	 	 	133,857	 	 	 	109,784	 	
Decrease due to measurement period adjustments	 	 	-	 	 	 	(18,396	)	
Payment/current payables	 	 	(15,080	)	 	 	(5,244	)	
Fair value adjustment - (income) expense	 	 	(1,910	)	 	 	3,576	 	
Ending balance	 	$	253,437	 	 	$	136,570	 	
 
Subsequent to year-end, on February 27, 2017, the Company sold $125 million aggregate principal amount of senior unsecured notes due 2023 to PGIM, Inc. (“Prudential”) and certain of its affiliates pursuant to the Note Purchase and Private Shelf Agreement dated June 10, 2016 between the Company, PGIM, Inc. and the other parties thereto. These notes bear interest at 3.28%, payable semi-annually in arrears on February 27 and August 27 of each year, and will mature on February 27, 2023 unless earlier redeemed by the Company. The Company expects to use the proceeds for general corporate purposes. As of the date of this filing, the Company may request that Prudential consider the purchase of additional senior unsecured notes of the Company under the facility in an aggregate principal amount of up to $175 million.
 
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Cash Sources and Uses
 
The primary sources of cash for the Company in 2016 and 2015 were debt financings and cash flows from operating activities. The primary uses of cash in 2016 and 2015 were debt repayments, acquisitions of Expansion Territories and Regional Manufacturing Facilities and additions to property, plant and equipment. A summary of cash-based activity is as follows: 
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
(in thousands)	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	
Cash Sources:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Borrowings under Revolving Credit Facility	 	$	410,000	 	 	$	334,000	 	 	$	191,624	 	
Borrowings under Term Loan Facility	 	 	300,000	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	
Cash provided by operating activities (excluding income tax and pension payments)	 	 	165,979	 	 	 	150,572	 	 	 	132,912	 	
Refund of income tax payments	 	 	7,111	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	
Borrowings under Senior Notes, net of discount	 	 	-	 	 	 	349,913	 	 	 	-	 	
Proceeds from sale of business	 	 	-	 	 	 	26,360	 	 	 	-	 	
Proceeds from the sale of property, plant and equipment	 	 	-	 	 	 	1,891	 	 	 	1,701	 	
Other	 	 	1,097	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	
Total cash sources	 	$	884,187	 	 	$	862,736	 	 	$	326,237	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Cash Uses:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Acquisition of Expansion Territories and Regional Manufacturing Facilities, net of cash acquired	 	$	272,637	 	 	$	81,707	 	 	$	41,588	 	
Payment of Revolving Credit Facility	 	 	258,000	 	 	 	405,000	 	 	 	125,624	 	
Additions to property, plant and equipment (exclusive of acquisition)	 	 	172,586	 	 	 	163,887	 	 	 	84,364	 	
Payment of Senior Notes	 	 	164,757	 	 	 	100,000	 	 	 	-	 	
Payment of acquisition related contingent consideration	 	 	13,550	 	 	 	4,039	 	 	 	212	 	
Contributions to pension plans	 	 	11,120	 	 	 	10,500	 	 	 	10,000	 	
Cash dividends paid	 	 	9,307	 	 	 	9,287	 	 	 	9,266	 	
Investment in CONA Services LLC	 	 	7,875	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	
Principal payments on capital lease obligations	 	 	7,063	 	 	 	6,555	 	 	 	5,939	 	
Payment on Uncommitted Line of Credit	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	20,000	 	
Income tax payments	 	 	-	 	 	 	31,782	 	 	 	31,009	 	
Other	 	 	940	 	 	 	3,576	 	 	 	901	 	
Total cash uses	 	$	917,835	 	 	$	816,333	 	 	$	328,903	 	
Increase (decrease) in cash	 	$	(33,648	)	 	$	46,403	 	 	$	(2,666	)	
 
Based on current projections, which include a number of assumptions such as the Company’s pre-tax earnings, the Company anticipates its cash payments for income taxes will be between $5 million and $15 million in fiscal 2017. This projection does not include any anticipated cash income tax requirements resulting from additional completed Expansion Territory transactions or the Territory Conversion Agreement.
 
Cash Flows From Operating Activities
 
During 2016, cash provided by operating activities was $162.0 million, which was an increase of $53.7 million, as compared to 2015. During 2015, cash provided by operating activities was $108.3 million, which was an increase of $16.4 million, as compared to 2014. The increase in both periods was driven primarily by growth in comparable income from operations and cash generated from acquired Expansion Territories.
 
Cash Flows From Investing Activities
 
During 2016, cash used in investing activities was $452.0 million, which was an increase of $234.7 million, as compared to 2015. The increase was driven primarily by $272.6 million in cash used to acquire Expansion Transactions.
 
Additions to property, plant and equipment during 2016 were $172.6 million, of which $15.7 million were accrued in accounts payable, trade. The 2016 additions exclude $227.1 million in property, plant and equipment acquired in the Expansion Transactions completed in 2016.
 
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Capital expenditures during 2016 were funded with cash flows from operations and available credit facilities. The Company anticipates additions to property, plant and equipment in 2017 will be in the range of $200 million to $250 million, excluding any additional Expansion Transactions expected to close in 2017.
 
During 2015, cash used in investing activities was $217.3 million, which was an increase of $93.1 million, as compared to 2014. The increase was driven by Expansion Transactions and higher levels of property, plant and equipment additions, which was partially offset by cash proceeds from the sale of BYB. Additions to property, plant and equipment during 2015 were $168.7 million of which $14.0 million were accrued in accounts payable, trade. The 2015 additions exclude $77.1 million in property, plant and equipment acquired in the Expansion Transactions completed in 2015.
 
During 2015, the Company acquired the 2015 Expansion Territories and completed the Lexington-for-Jackson exchange. The total cash used to acquire these expansion and exchange territories was $81.7 million. Also during 2015, the Company sold BYB to The Coca-Cola Company for a cash purchase price of $26.4 million.
 
Cash Flows From Financing Activities
 
During 2016, cash provided by financing activities was $256.4 million, which was an increase of $100.9 million compared to 2015. The increase was driven primarily a result of providing funding for the acquisitions of Expansion Territories and associated capital expenditures. During 2016, the Company entered into a term loan agreement for a senior unsecured term loan facility in the aggregate principal amount of $300 million and had net borrowings on revolving credit facilities of $152.0 million. These increases in debt were partially offset by the repayment of $164.8 million of Senior Notes due 2016.
 
In addition, during 2016 the Company had cash payments of $13.6 million for acquisition related contingent consideration. The anticipated range of amounts the Company could pay annually under the acquisition related contingent consideration arrangements for the Expansion Transactions is between $14 million and $25 million.
 
During 2015, cash provided by financing activities was $155.5 million, which was an increase of $125.8 million compared to 2014. The increase was driven primarily a result of providing funding for the acquisitions of Expansion Territories and Regional Manufacturing Facilities and associated capital expenditures. During 2015, the Company’s net borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility decreased $71.0 million primarily due to the issuance of the 2025 Senior Notes.
 
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
 
The Company is a member of two manufacturing cooperatives and has guaranteed $32.6 million of debt for these entities as of January 1, 2017. In addition, the Company has an equity ownership in each of the entities. The members of both cooperatives consist solely of Coca‑Cola bottlers. The Company does not anticipate either of these cooperatives will fail to fulfill their commitments. The Company further believes each of these cooperatives has sufficient assets, including production equipment, facilities and working capital, and the ability to adjust selling prices of their products to adequately mitigate the risk of material loss from the Company’s guarantees. As of January 1, 2017, the Company’s maximum exposure, if both of these cooperatives borrowed up to their aggregate borrowing capacity, would have been $70.8 million including the Company’s equity interests. See Note 14 to the consolidated financial statements for additional information.
 
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Aggregate Contractual Obligations
 
The following table summarizes the Company’s contractual obligations and commercial commitments as of January 1, 2017:
 
 	 	Contractual Obligation Payments Due During	 	
(in thousands)	 	Total	 	 	Fiscal 2017	 	 	Fiscal 2018	 	 	Fiscal 2019	 	 	Fiscal 2020	 	 	Fiscal 2021	 	 	Thereafter	 	
Total debt, net of interest	 	$	912,000	 	 	$	-	 	 	$	15,000	 	 	$	292,000	 	 	$	37,500	 	 	$	217,500	 	 	$	350,000	 	
Estimated interest on debt obligations  (1)	 	 	166,174	 	 	 	29,247	 	 	 	29,212	 	 	 	22,645	 	 	 	17,853	 	 	 	15,125	 	 	 	52,092	 	
Capital lease obligations, net of interest	 	 	48,721	 	 	 	7,527	 	 	 	8,006	 	 	 	8,395	 	 	 	9,135	 	 	 	5,195	 	 	 	10,463	 	
Estimated interest capital lease obligations  (1)	 	 	11,453	 	 	 	3,735	 	 	 	2,415	 	 	 	1,754	 	 	 	1,194	 	 	 	738	 	 	 	1,617	 	
Purchase obligations (2)	 	 	673,013	 	 	 	89,735	 	 	 	89,735	 	 	 	89,735	 	 	 	89,735	 	 	 	89,735	 	 	 	224,338	 	
Other long-term liabilities (3)	 	 	406,431	 	 	 	32,905	 	 	 	28,141	 	 	 	25,055	 	 	 	22,011	 	 	 	20,829	 	 	 	277,490	 	
Operating leases	 	 	78,034	 	 	 	11,141	 	 	 	9,211	 	 	 	8,371	 	 	 	8,432	 	 	 	8,074	 	 	 	32,805	 	
Long-term contractual arrangements  (4)	 	 	81,744	 	 	 	22,696	 	 	 	17,184	 	 	 	13,869	 	 	 	11,456	 	 	 	7,303	 	 	 	9,236	 	
Postretirement obligations (5)	 	 	85,255	 	 	 	3,468	 	 	 	3,878	 	 	 	4,252	 	 	 	4,495	 	 	 	4,708	 	 	 	64,454	 	
Purchase orders (6)	 	 	70,521	 	 	 	70,521	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	
Total contractual obligations	 	$	2,533,346	 	 	$	270,975	 	 	$	202,782	 	 	$	466,076	 	 	$	201,811	 	 	$	369,207	 	 	$	1,022,495	 	
 
(1)	Includes interest payments based on contractual terms.	

(2)	Represents an estimate of the Company’s obligation to purchase 17.5 million cases of finished product on an annual basis through June 2024 from South Atlantic Canners, a manufacturing cooperative.	

(3)	Includes obligations under acquisition related contingent consideration, executive benefit plans, the liability to exit from a multi-employer pension plan and other long-term liabilities.	

(4)	Includes contractual arrangements with certain prestige properties, athletic venues and other locations, and other long-term marketing commitments.	

(5)	Includes the liability for postretirement benefit obligations only. The unfunded portion of the Company’s pension plan is excluded as the timing and/or amount of any cash payment is uncertain.	

(6)	Purchase orders include commitments in which a written purchase order has been issued to a vendor, but the goods have not been received or the services performed.	
 
The Company has $2.9 million of uncertain tax positions including accrued interest, as of January 1, 2017 all of which would affect the Company’s effective tax rate if recognized. The balance is excluded from other long-term liabilities in the table above as the Company is uncertain if or when such amounts will be recognized. While it is expected the amount of uncertain tax positions may change in the next 12 months, the Company does not expect such change would have a significant impact on the consolidated financial statements. See Note 15 to the consolidated financial statements for additional information.
 
The Company is a member of Southeastern Container (“Southeastern”), a plastic bottle manufacturing cooperative, from which the Company is obligated to purchase at least 80% of its requirements of plastic bottles for certain designated territories. This obligation is not included in the Company’s table of contractual obligations and commercial commitments as there are no minimum purchase requirements. See Note 14 and Note 19 to the consolidated financial statements for additional information related to Southeastern.
 
As of January 1, 2017, the Company had $29.7 million of standby letters of credit, primarily related to its property and casualty insurance programs. See Note 14 to the consolidated financial statements for additional information related to commercial commitments, guarantees, legal and tax matters.
 
The Company contributed $11.1 million to its two Company-sponsored pension plans in 2016. Based on information currently available, the Company estimates it will be required to make cash contributions in the range of $10 million to $12 million to those two plans in 2017.
 
Postretirement medical care payments are expected to be approximately $3.5 million in 2017. See Note 18 to the consolidated financial statements for additional information related to pension and postretirement obligations.
 
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Hedging Activities
 
The Company entered into derivative instruments to hedge certain commodity purchases for 2017, 2016, 2015 and 2014. Fees paid by the Company for derivative instruments are amortized over the corresponding period of the instrument. The Company accounts for its commodity hedges on a mark-to-market basis with any expense or income reflected as an adjustment of cost of sales or S,D&A expenses.
 
The Company uses several different financial institutions for commodity derivative instruments to minimize the concentration of credit risk. The Company has master agreements with the counterparties to its derivative financial agreements that provide for net settlement of derivative transactions. The net impact of the commodity hedges on cost of sales was a decrease of $1.3 million in 2016 and an increase of $3.5 million in 2015. The net impact of the commodity hedges on SD&A expenses was a decrease of $0.5 million in 2016 and an increase of $1.4 million in 2015.
 
Discussion of Critical Accounting Policies, Estimates and New Accounting Pronouncements
 
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
 
In the ordinary course of business, the Company has made a number of estimates and assumptions relating to the reporting of results of operations and financial position in the preparation of its consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates under different assumptions and conditions. The Company believes the following discussion addresses the Company’s most critical accounting policies, which are those most important to the portrayal of the Company’s financial condition and results of operations and require management’s most difficult, subjective and complex judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates about the effect of inherently uncertain matters.
 
Any changes in critical accounting policies and estimates are discussed with the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company during the quarter in which a change is contemplated and prior to making such change.
 
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
 
The Company evaluates the collectability of its trade accounts receivable based on a number of factors. When the Company becomes aware of a customer’s inability to meet its financial obligations to the Company, a specific reserve for bad debts is estimated and recorded to reduce the recognized receivable to the estimated amount the Company believes will ultimately be collected. In addition to specific customer identification of potential bad debts, an allowance for doubtful accounts is recorded based on the Company’s recent past loss history and an overall assessment of past due trade accounts receivable outstanding.
 
Property, Plant and Equipment
 
Property, plant and equipment are recorded at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Leasehold improvements on operating leases are depreciated over the shorter of the estimated useful lives or the term of the lease, including renewal options the Company determines are reasonably assured. Additions and major replacements or betterments are added to the assets at cost. Maintenance and repair costs and minor replacements are charged to expense when incurred. When assets are replaced or otherwise disposed, the cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and the gains or losses, if any, are reflected in the statement of operations. Gains or losses on the disposal of manufacturing equipment and manufacturing facilities are included in cost of sales. Gains or losses on the disposal of all other property, plant and equipment are included in selling, delivery and administrative (“S,D&A”) expenses.
 
The Company evaluates the recoverability of the carrying amount of its property, plant and equipment when events or circumstances indicate the carrying amount of an asset or asset group may not be recoverable. These evaluations are performed at a level where independent cash flows may be attributed to either an asset or an asset group. If the Company determines the carrying amount of an asset or asset group is not recoverable based upon the expected undiscounted future cash flows of the asset or asset group, an impairment loss is recorded equal to the excess of the carrying amounts over the estimated fair value of the long-lived assets.
 
During 2016, 2015 and 2014, the Company performed periodic reviews of property, plant and equipment and determined no material impairment existed.
 
Franchise Rights
 
The Company considers franchise rights with The Coca‑Cola Company and other beverage companies to be indefinite lived because the agreements are perpetual or, when not perpetual, the Company anticipates the agreements will continue to be renewed upon
54

 
expiration. The cost of renewals is minimal, and the Company has not had any renewals denied. The Company considers franchise rights as indefinite lived intangible assets and, therefore, does not amortize the value of such assets. Instead, franchise rights are tested at least annually for impairment.
 
Impairment Testing of Franchise Rights and Goodwill
 
GAAP requires testing of intangible assets with indefinite lives and goodwill for impairment at least annually. The Company conducts its annual impairment test as of the first day of the fourth quarter of each fiscal year. The Company also reviews intangible assets with indefinite lives and goodwill for impairment if there are significant changes in business conditions that could result in impairment. For both franchise rights and goodwill, when appropriate, the Company performs a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not the fair value of the franchise rights or goodwill is below its carrying value.
 
When a quantitative analysis is considered necessary for the annual impairment analysis of franchise rights, the Company utilizes the Greenfield Method to estimate the fair value. The Greenfield Method assumes the Company is new, owning only franchise rights, and making investments required to build an operation comparable to the Company’s current operations. The Company estimates the cash flows required to build a comparable operation and the available future cash flows from these operations. The cash flows are then discounted using an appropriate discount rate. The estimated fair value based upon the discounted cash flows is compared to the carrying value on an aggregated basis to determine whether an impairment is needed.
 
In 2016 and 2015, the Company completed its qualitative assessment and determined a quantitative assessment was not necessary. In 2014 the Company did complete a quantitative analysis. In all years, the Company determined no impairment of the Company’s franchise rights existed.
 
The Company has determined it has one reporting unit, within the Nonalcoholic Beverages reportable segment, for the purpose of assessing goodwill for potential impairment. The Company uses its overall market capitalization as part of its estimate of fair value of the reporting unit and in assessing the reasonableness of the Company’s internal estimates of fair value.
 
When a quantitative analysis is considered necessary for the annual impairment analysis of goodwill, the Company develops an estimated fair value for the reporting unit considering three different approaches:
 
 	•	market value, using the Company’s stock price plus outstanding debt;	

 	•	discounted cash flow analysis; and	

 	•	multiple of earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization based upon relevant industry data.	
 
The estimated fair value of the reporting unit is then compared to its carrying amount, including goodwill. If the estimated fair value exceeds the carrying amount, goodwill is not considered impaired, and the second step of the impairment test is not necessary. If the carrying amount, including goodwill, exceeds its estimated fair value, the second step of the impairment test is performed to measure the amount of the impairment, if any. In the second step, a comparison is made between the book value of goodwill and the implied fair value of goodwill. Implied fair value of goodwill is determined by comparing the fair value of the reporting unit to the book value of its net identifiable assets, excluding goodwill. To estimate the implied fair value of goodwill for a reporting unit, the Company assigns the fair value of the assets and liabilities associated with the reporting unit as if the reporting unit had been acquired in a business combination. Any excess of the carrying value of goodwill of the reporting unit over its implied fair value is recorded as an impairment.
 
To the extent actual and projected cash flows decline in the future, or if market conditions deteriorate significantly, the Company may be required to perform an interim impairment analysis that could result in an impairment of franchise rights and goodwill. The Company has determined there has not been an interim impairment trigger since the first day of the fourth quarter of 2016 annual test date.
 
Income Tax Estimates
 
The Company records a valuation allowance to reduce the carrying value of its deferred tax assets if, based on the weight of available evidence, it is determined that it is more likely than not that such assets will not ultimately be realized. The Company considers future taxable income and prudent and feasible tax planning strategies in assessing the need for a valuation allowance. However, in the event the Company determines it will not be able to realize all or part of its net deferred tax assets in the future, an adjustment to the valuation allowance is charged to income in the period in which such a determination is made. A reduction in the valuation allowance and corresponding adjustment to income may be required if the likelihood of realizing existing deferred tax assets increases to a more likely than not level. The Company evaluates the realizability of deferred tax assets annually and when significant changes occur in the Company’s business that could impact the realizability assessment.
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In addition to a valuation allowance related to loss carryforwards, the Company records liabilities for uncertain tax positions related to certain state and federal income tax positions. These liabilities reflect the Company’s best estimate of the ultimate income tax liability based on currently known facts and information. Material changes in facts or information, as well as the expiration of the statute of limitations and/or settlements with individual tax jurisdictions, may result in material adjustments to these estimates in the future.
 
Acquisition Related Contingent Consideration Liability
 
The Company’s acquisition related contingent consideration liability is subject to risk resulting from changes in the Company’s probability weighted discounted cash flow model, which is based on internal forecasts and changes in the Company’s weighted average cost of capital derived from market data.
 
At each reporting period, the Company evaluates future cash flows associated with its acquired territories as well as the associated discount rate used to calculate the fair value of its contingent consideration. These cash flows represent the Company’s best estimate of the future projections of the relevant territories over the same period as the related intangible asset, which is typically 40 years. The discount rate represents the Company’s weighted average cost of capital at the reporting date for which the fair value calculation is being performed. Changes in business conditions or other events could materially change both the projections of future cash flows and the discount rate used in the calculation of the fair value of contingent consideration. These changes could materially impact the fair value of the related contingent consideration. Changes in the fair value of the acquisition related contingent consideration are included in “Other income (expense)” on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company will adjust the fair value of the acquisition related contingent consideration over a period of time consistent with the life of the related distribution rights asset subsequent to acquisition.
 
Revenue Recognition
 
Revenues are recognized when finished products are delivered to customers and both title and the risks and benefits of ownership are transferred, price is fixed and determinable, collection is reasonably assured and, in the case of full service vending, when cash is collected from the vending machines. An appropriate provision is made for uncollectible accounts.
 
The Company receives service fees from The Coca‑Cola Company related to the delivery of fountain syrup products to The Coca‑Cola Company’s fountain customers. In addition, the Company receives service fees from The Coca‑Cola Company related to the repair of fountain equipment owned by The Coca‑Cola Company. The fees received from The Coca‑Cola Company for the delivery of fountain syrup products to their customers and the repair of their fountain equipment are recognized as revenue when the respective services are completed. Service revenue represents approximately one percent of net sales.
 
The Company performs freight hauling and brokerage for third parties, in addition to delivering its own products. The freight charges are recognized as revenues when the delivery is complete. Freight revenue from third parties represents approximately two percent of net sales.
 
Revenues do not include sales or other taxes collected from customers.
 
Risk Management Programs
 
The Company uses various insurance structures to manage its workers’ compensation, auto liability, medical and other insurable risks. These structures consist of retentions, deductibles, limits and a diverse group of insurers that serve to strategically transfer and mitigate the financial impact of losses. The Company uses commercial insurance for claims as a risk reduction strategy to minimize catastrophic losses. Losses are accrued using assumptions and procedures followed in the insurance industry, adjusted for company-specific history and expectations. The Company has standby letters of credit, primarily related to its property and casualty insurance programs. On January 1, 2017, these letters of credit totaled $29.7 million.
 
Pension and Postretirement Benefit Obligations
 
There are two Company-sponsored pension plans. The primary Company-sponsored pension plan (the “Primary Plan”) was frozen as of June 30, 2006 and no benefits accrued to participants after this date. The second Company-sponsored pension plan (the “Bargaining Plan”) is for certain employees under collective bargaining agreements. Benefits under the pension plan for collectively bargained employees are determined in accordance with negotiated formulas for the respective participants. Contributions to the plans are based on actuarial determined amounts and are limited to the amounts currently deductible for income tax purposes.
 
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Several statistical and other factors, which attempt to anticipate future events, are used in calculating the expense and liability related to the plans. These factors include assumptions about the discount rate, expected return on plan assets, employee turnover and age at retirement, as determined by the Company, within certain guidelines. In addition, the Company uses subjective factors such as mortality rates to estimate the projected benefit obligation. The actuarial assumptions used by the Company may differ materially from actual results due to changing market and economic conditions, higher or lower withdrawal rates or longer or shorter life spans of participants. These differences may result in a significant impact to the amount of net periodic pension cost recorded by the Company in future periods.
 
The discount rate used in determining the actuarial present value of the projected benefit obligation for the Primary Plan and the Bargaining Plan was 4.44% and 4.49%, respectively, in 2016 and 4.72% for both Company-sponsored plans in 2015. The discount rate assumption is generally the estimate which can have the most significant impact on net periodic pension cost and the projected benefit obligation for these pension plans. The Company determines an appropriate discount rate annually based on the annual yield on long-term corporate bonds as of the measurement date and reviews the discount rate assumption at the end of each year.
 
In 2016, pension costs were $1.9 million. In 2015, pension costs were $1.7 million. In 2014, there was a pension benefit of $0.3 million.
 
A 0.25% increase or decrease in the discount rate assumption would have impacted the projected benefit obligation and net periodic pension cost of the Company-sponsored pension plans as follows:
 
(in thousands)	 	0.25% Increase	 	 	0.25% Decrease	 	
Increase (decrease) in:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Projected benefit obligation at January 1, 2017	 	$	(9,642	)	 	$	10,206	 	
Net periodic pension cost in 2016	 	 	(146	)	 	 	143	 	
 
The weighted average expected long-term rate of return of plan assets was 6.5% for 2016, 6.5% in 2015 and 7.0% in 2014. This rate reflects an estimate of long-term future returns for the pension plan assets. This estimate is primarily a function of the asset classes (equities versus fixed income) in which the pension plan assets are invested and the analysis of past performance of these asset classes over a long period of time. This analysis includes expected long-term inflation and the risk premiums associated with equity and fixed income investments. See Note 18 to the consolidated financial statements for the details by asset type of the Company’s pension plan assets and the weighted average expected long-term rate of return of each asset type. The actual return of pension plan assets were gains of 7.2% in 2016, 0.7% in 2015 and 6.1% in 2014.
 
The Company sponsors a postretirement health care plan for employees meeting specified qualifying criteria. Several statistical and other factors, which attempt to anticipate future events, are used in calculating the net periodic postretirement benefit cost and postretirement benefit obligation for this plan. These factors include assumptions about the discount rate and the expected growth rate for the cost of health care benefits. In addition, the Company uses subjective factors such as withdrawal and mortality rates to estimate the projected liability under this plan. The actuarial assumptions used by the Company may differ materially from actual results due to changing market and economic conditions, higher or lower withdrawal rates or longer or shorter life spans of participants. The Company does not pre-fund its postretirement benefits and has the right to modify or terminate certain of these benefits in the future.
 
The discount rate assumption, the annual health care cost trend and the ultimate trend rate for health care costs are key estimates which can have a significant impact on the net periodic postretirement benefit cost and postretirement obligation in future periods. The Company annually determines the health care cost trend based on recent actual medical trend experience and projected experience for subsequent years.
 
The discount rate assumptions used to determine the pension and postretirement benefit obligations are based on the annual yield on long-term corporate bonds as of each plan’s measurement date. The discount rate used in determining the postretirement benefit obligation was 4.36% in 2016, 4.53% in 2015 and 4.13% in 2014. The discount rate was derived using the Aon/Hewitt AA above median yield curve. Projected benefit payouts for each plan were matched to the Aon/Hewitt AA above median yield curve and an equivalent flat rate was derived.
 
A 0.25% increase or decrease in the discount rate assumption would have impacted the postretirement benefit obligation and service cost and interest cost of the Company’s postretirement benefit plan as follows:
 
(in thousands)	 	0.25% Increase	 	 	0.25% Decrease	 	
Increase (decrease) in:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Postretirement benefit obligation at January 1, 2017	 	$	(2,642	)	 	$	2,787	 	
Service cost and interest cost in 2016	 	 	(145	)	 	 	152	 	
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A 1% increase or decrease in the annual health care cost trend would have impacted the postretirement benefit obligation and service cost and interest cost of the Company’s postretirement benefit plan as follows:
 
(in thousands)	 	1% Increase	 	 	1% Decrease	 	
Increase (decrease) in:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Postretirement benefit obligation at January 1, 2017	 	$	10,441	 	 	$	(9,976	)	
Service cost and interest cost in 2016	 	 	550	 	 	 	(521	)	
 
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
 
In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-15 “Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern,” which specifies the responsibility an entity’s management has to evaluate whether there is substantial doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern. The new guidance is effective for annual and interim periods ending after December 15, 2016. The Company adopted this guidance in the fourth quarter of 2016 and there was no impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
 
In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15 “Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments,” which addresses presentation and classification of certain cash receipts and payments in the statement of cash flows, with the objective to reduce diversity in practice. The amendment applicable to the Company addresses contingent consideration payments made after a business combination and states (i) cash payments made soon after an acquisition’s consummation date should be classified as cash outflows for investing activities; (ii) cash payments made thereafter should be classified as cash outflows for financing activities up to the amount of the original contingent consideration; and (iii) cash payments made in excess of the original contingent consideration liability should be classified as cash outflows for operating activities. The new guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period, however if an entity elects to early adopt one amendment, it must adopt all amendments included in the guidance. The Company adopted the new pronouncements in the third quarter of 2016 and there was no impact on the consolidated financial statements.
 
In April 2015, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2015-03 “Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs” (“ASU 2015-03”). ASU 2015-03 requires all cost incurred to issue debt be presented in the balance sheet as a direct reduction from the carrying value of the debt. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015‑15 “Presentation And Subsequent Measurement Of Debt Issuance Costs Associated With Line-Of-Credit Arrangements, Amendments To SEC Paragraphs Pursuant To Staff Announcement At June 18, 2015 EITF Meeting.” ASU 2015-15 clarified that an entity can present debt issuance costs of a line-of-credit arrangement as an asset regardless of whether there are any outstanding borrowings on the line-of-credit arrangement. The new guidance was effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2015. The standard was retrospectively adopted by the Company on January 4, 2016, and did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. At January 3, 2016, $3.1 million and $1.1 million of debt issuance costs were reclassified to long-term debt from other assets and prepaid expenses and other current assets, respectively.
 
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
 
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04 “Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment,” which eliminates the requirement to calculate the implied fair value of goodwill to measure a goodwill impairment charge. The new guidance is effective for the annual or any interim goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company does not anticipate the adoption of this guidance will have a significant impact on its consolidated financial statements.
 
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01 “Clarifying the Definition of a Business,” which clarifies the definition of a business with the objective of adding guidance to assist entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions or disposals of assets or businesses. The new guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those periods. The impact to the Company’s consolidated financial statements will depend on the facts and circumstances of any specific future transactions.
 
In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09 “Improvements To Employees Share Based Payment Accounting,” which simplifies several aspects of the accounting for employee-share based transactions including the accounting for income taxes, forfeitures and statutory tax withholding requirements, as well as classification in the statement of cash flows. The new guidance is effective for annual and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016. The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact of the new guidance on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
 
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In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02 “Leases.” The new guidance requires lessees to recognize a right-to-use asset and a lease liability for virtually all leases (other than leases meeting the definition of a short-term lease). The new guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 and interim periods beginning the following year. The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact of the new guidance on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. Additionally, the Company is evaluating the impacts of the standard beyond accounting, including system, data and process changes required to comply with the standard.
 
In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01 “Recognition And Measurement Of Financial Assets And Financial Liabilities.” The new guidance revises the classification and measurement of investments in equity securities and the presentation of certain fair value changes in financial liabilities measured at fair value. The new guidance is effective for annual and interim reporting periods beginning after December 31, 2017. The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact of the new guidance on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
 
In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-11 “Simplifying The Measurement of Inventory.” The new guidance requires an entity to measure most inventory “at lower of cost and net realizable value” thereby simplifying the current guidance under which an entity must measure inventory at the lower of cost or market. The new guidance is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2016. The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact of the new guidance on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
 
Over the past several years, the FASB has issued several accounting standards for revenue recognition:
 
 	•	ASU 2014‑09 “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” was issued in May 2014, which was originally going to be effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2016.	

 	•	ASU 2015-14 “Revenue from Contracts with Customers, Deferral of the Effective Date” was issued in July 2015, which deferred the effective date to annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017.	

 	•	ASU 2016-08 “Principal Versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross Versus Net)” was issued in March 2016, which amends certain aspects of the May 2014 new guidance.	

 	•	ASU 2016-11 “Rescission of SEC Guidance Because of Accounting Standards Updates 2014-09 and 2014-16, Pursuant to Staff Announcements at the March 3, 2016 EITF Meeting” was issued in April 2016, which amends certain aspects of the May 2014 new guidance.	

 	•	ASU 2016-12 “Revenue From Contracts With Customers (Topic 606): Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients” was issued in May 2016, which amends certain aspects of the May 2014 new guidance.	

 	•	ASU 2016-20 “Technical Corrections and Improvements to Topic 606: Revenue From Contracts With Customers” was issued in December 2016 and clarifies the new revenue standard and corrects unintended application of the guidance.	
 
The Company does not plan to early adopt this guidance. The Company has started its evaluation process to assess the impact of the new guidance on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and to determine whether to adopt a full retrospective approach or a modified retrospective approach. The evaluation process includes tasks such as performing an initial scoping analysis to identify key revenue streams, reviewing current revenue-based contracts and evaluating revenue recognition requirements in order to prepare a high-level road map and implementation work plan. Based on the Company’s preliminary review, it does not expect this guidance to have a material impact on net sales. As the Company complete its overall assessment, the Company is also identifying and preparing to implement changes to our accounting policies and practices, business processes, systems and controls to support the new revenue recognition and disclosure requirements.
 
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CAUTIONARY INFORMATION REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
 
Certain statements contained in this Report, or in other public filings, press releases, or other written or oral communications made by Coca‑Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated or its representatives, which are not historical facts, are forward-looking statements subject to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements address, among other things, Company plans, activities or events which the Company expects will or may occur in the future and may include express or implied projections of revenue or expenditures; statements of plans and objectives for future operations, growth or initiatives; statements of future economic performance, including, but not limited to, the state of the economy, capital investment and financing plans, net sales, cost of sales, selling, delivery and administrative (“S,D&A”) expenses, gross profit, income tax rates, earnings per diluted share, dividends, pension plan contributions, estimated sub-bottling liability payments; or statements regarding the outcome or impact of certain new accounting pronouncements and pending or threatened litigation.
 
 	•	the Company’s beliefs and estimates regarding the impact of the adoption of certain new accounting pronouncements;	

 	•	the Company’s expectation that certain amounts of goodwill will be deductible for tax purposes;	

 	•	the Company’s belief that the cooperatives whose debt the Company guarantees have sufficient assets and the ability to adjust selling prices of their products to adequately mitigate the risk of material loss from the Company’s guarantees and that the cooperatives will perform their obligations under their debt commitments;	

 	•	the Company’s belief that the ultimate disposition of various claims and legal proceedings which have arisen in the ordinary course of its business will not have a material adverse effect on its financial condition, cash flows or results of operations and that no material amount of loss in excess of recorded amounts is reasonably possible as a result of these claims and legal proceedings;	

 	•	the Company’s belief that CCR and other bottlers from whom the Company purchases finished goods have adequate production capacity to meet sales demands for sparkling and still beverages during peak periods;	

 	•	the Company’s belief that it is competitive in its territories with respect to the principal methods of competition in the nonalcoholic beverage industry;	

 	•	the Company’s belief that certain non-GAAP financial measures provide users with additional meaningful financial information that should be considered when assessing the Company’s ongoing performance and that these non-GAAP financial measures allow users to better appreciate the impact of these transactions on the Company’s performance;	

 	•	the Company’s belief that it has sufficient sources of capital available to refinance its maturing debt, finance its business plan, including the proposed acquisition of previously announced additional Expansion Territories and Regional Manufacturing Facilities, meet its working capital requirements and maintain an appropriate level of capital spending for at least the next 12 months;	

 	•	the Company’s belief that all of the banks participating in the Company’s Revolving Credit Facility have the ability to and will meet any funding requests from the Company;	

 	•	the Company’s estimate of the useful lives of certain acquired intangible assets and property, plant and equipment;	

 	•	the Company’s estimate that a 10% increase in the market price of certain commodities over the current market prices would cumulatively increase costs during the next 12 months by approximately $44.1 million assuming no change in volume;	

 	•	the Company’s expectation that the amount of uncertain tax positions may change over the next 12 months but will not have a significant impact on the consolidated financial statements;	

 	•	the Company’s belief that it has taken the necessary steps to mitigate risk associated with a phased cut-over to the CONA System	

 	•	the Company’s expectation that certain territories of CCR will be sold to bottlers that are neither members of CONA nor users of the CONA System;	

 	•	the Company’s belief that innovation of both new brands and packages will continue to be important to the Company’s overall revenue;	

 	•	the Company’s expectations as to the timing of certain Expansion Transaction closings;	

 	•	the Company’s belief that the range of undiscounted amounts it could pay annually under the acquisition related contingent consideration arrangements for the Expansion Transactions will be between $14 million and $25 million;	

 	•	the Company’s belief that the range of income tax payments, excluding any income tax payments resulting from additional completed Expansion Territory transactions or the Territory Conversion Agreement, will be between $5 million and $15 million in 2017;  	

 	•	the Company’s belief that the covenants on the Company’s Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan Facility will not restrict its liquidity or capital resources;	

 	•	the Company’s belief that other parties to certain of its contractual arrangements will perform their obligations;	

 	•	the Company’s belief that cash contributions to the two Company-sponsored pension plans will be in the range of $10 million to $12 million in 2017;	

 	•	the Company’s expectation that postretirement medical care payments will be approximately $3.5 million in 2017;	
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 	•	the Company’s expectation that it will not withdraw from its participation in the Employers-Teamsters Local Union Nos. 175 and 505 Pension Fund;	

 	•	the Company’s expectation that additions to property, plant and equipment, excluding additional Expansion Transactions expected to close in 2017, will be in the range of $200 million to $250 million in 2017;	

 	•	the Company’s expectations regarding potential changes in the levels of marketing funding support, external advertising and marketing spending from The Coca‑Cola Company and other beverage companies;	

 	•	the Company’s belief that the Company has adequately provided for any ultimate amounts that are likely to result from tax audits;	

 	•	the Company’s belief that certain franchise rights are perpetual or will be renewed upon expiration;	

 	•	the Company’s expectation that new product introductions, packaging changes and sales promotions will continue to require substantial expenditures;	

 	•	the Company’s belief that compliance with environmental laws will not have a material adverse effect on its consolidated financial statements or competitive position;	

 	•	the Company’s belief that the majority of its deferred tax assets will be realized;	

 	•	the Company’s intention to renew substantially all the Allied Beverage Agreements and Still Beverage Agreements as they expire;	

 	•	the Company’s belief that key priorities include territory and manufacturing expansion, revenue management, product innovation and beverage portfolio expansion, distribution cost management and productivity; and	

 	•	the Company’s hypothetical calculation that, if market interest rates average 1% more over the next twelve months than the interest rates as of January 1, 2017, interest expense for the next twelve months would increase by approximately $4.5 million, assuming no changes in the Company’s financial structure.	
 
These forward-looking statements may be identified by the use of the words “believe,” “plan,” “estimate,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “probably,” “should,” “project,” “intend,” “continue,” and other similar terms and expressions. Various risks, uncertainties and other factors may cause the Company’s actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied in any forward-looking statements. Factors, uncertainties and risks that may result in actual results differing from such forward-looking information include, but are not limited to, those listed in Part I – Item 1A of this Form 10K, as well as other factors discussed throughout this Report, including, without limitation, the factors described under “Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” in Part I – Item 7, or in other filings or statements made by the Company. All of the forward-looking statements in this Report and other documents or statements are qualified by these and other factors, risks and uncertainties.
 
Caution should be taken not to place undue reliance on the forward-looking statements included in this Report. The Company assumes no obligation to update any forward-looking statements, even if experience or future changes make it clear that projected results expressed or implied in such statements will not be realized, except as may be required by law. In evaluating forward-looking statements, these risks and uncertainties should be considered, together with the other risks described from time to time in the Company’s other reports and documents filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
 
Item 7A.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	
 
The Company is exposed to certain market risks that arise in the ordinary course of business. The Company may enter into derivative financial instrument transactions to manage or reduce market risk. The Company does not enter into derivative financial instrument transactions for trading purposes. A discussion of the Company’s primary market risk exposure and interest rate risk is presented below.
 
Debt and Derivative Financial Instruments
 
The Company is subject to interest rate risk on its floating rate debt, including the Company’s $450 million Revolving Credit Facility and its $300 million Term Loan Facility. Assuming no changes in the Company’s financial structure, if market interest rates average 1% more over the next twelve months than the interest rates as of January 1, 2017, interest expense for the next twelve months would increase by approximately $4.5 million. This amount was determined by calculating the effect of the hypothetical interest rate on the Company’s variable rate debt. This calculated, hypothetical increase in interest expense for the following twelve months may be different from the actual increase in interest expense from a 1% increase in interest rates due to varying interest rate reset dates on the Company’s floating debt.
 
The Company’s acquisition related contingent consideration, which is adjusted to fair value at each reporting period, is also impacted by changes in interest rates. The risk free interest rate used to estimate the Company’s WACC is a component of the discount rate used to calculate the present value of future cash flows due under the CBAs related to the Expansion Territories. As a result, any changes in
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the underlying risk-free interest rates will impact the fair value of the acquisition related contingent consideration and could materially impact the amount of noncash expense (or income) recorded each reporting period.
 
Raw Material and Commodity Prices
 
The Company is also subject to commodity price risk arising from price movements for certain commodities included as part of its raw materials. The Company manages this commodity price risk in some cases by entering into contracts with adjustable prices. The Company periodically uses derivative commodity instruments in the management of this risk. The Company estimates a 10% increase in the market prices of these commodities over the current market prices would cumulatively increase costs during the next 12 months by approximately $44.1 million assuming no change in volume.
 
In 2016 and 2015, the Company entered into agreements to hedge a portion of the Company’s 2017, 2016 and 2015 commodity purchases.
 
Fees paid by the Company for agreements to hedge commodity purchases are amortized over the corresponding period of the instruments. The Company accounts for commodity hedges on a mark-to-market basis with any expense or income being reflected as an adjustment to cost of sales or S,D&A expenses.
 
Effect of Changing Prices
 
The annual rate of inflation in the United States, as measured by year-over-year changes in the consumer price index, was 2.1% in 2016 compared to 0.7% in 2015 and 0.8% in 2014. Inflation in the prices of those commodities important to the Company’s business is reflected in changes in the consumer price index, but commodity prices are volatile and in recent years have moved at a faster rate of change than the consumer price index.
 
The principal effect of inflation in both commodity and consumer prices on the Company’s operating results is to increase costs, both of goods sold and S,D&A. Although the Company can offset these cost increases by increasing selling prices for its products, consumers may not have the buying power to cover these increased costs and may reduce their volume of purchases of those products. In that event, selling price increases may not be sufficient to offset completely the Company’s cost increases.
 
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Item 8.	Financial Statements and Supplementary Data	
 
COCA-COLA BOTTLING CO. CONSOLIDATED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
(in thousands, except per share data)	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	
Net sales	 	$	3,156,428	 	 	$	2,306,458	 	 	$	1,746,369	 	
Cost of sales	 	 	1,940,706	 	 	 	1,405,426	 	 	 	1,041,130	 	
Gross profit	 	 	1,215,722	 	 	 	901,032	 	 	 	705,239	 	
Selling, delivery and administrative expenses	 	 	1,087,863	 	 	 	802,888	 	 	 	619,272	 	
Income from operations	 	 	127,859	 	 	 	98,144	 	 	 	85,967	 	
Interest expense, net	 	 	36,325	 	 	 	28,915	 	 	 	29,272	 	
Other income (expense), net	 	 	1,870	 	 	 	(3,576	)	 	 	(1,077	)	
Gain (loss) on exchange of franchise territory	 	 	(692	)	 	 	8,807	 	 	 	-	 	
Gain on sale of business	 	 	-	 	 	 	22,651	 	 	 	-	 	
Bargain purchase gain, net of tax of $1,265	 	 	-	 	 	 	2,011	 	 	 	-	 	
Income before taxes	 	 	92,712	 	 	 	99,122	 	 	 	55,618	 	
Income tax expense	 	 	36,049	 	 	 	34,078	 	 	 	19,536	 	
Net income	 	 	56,663	 	 	 	65,044	 	 	 	36,082	 	
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest	 	 	6,517	 	 	 	6,042	 	 	 	4,728	 	
Net income attributable to Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated	 	$	50,146	 	 	$	59,002	 	 	$	31,354	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Basic net income per share based on net income attributable to Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Common Stock	 	$	5.39	 	 	$	6.35	 	 	$	3.38	 	
Weighted average number of Common Stock shares outstanding	 	 	7,141	 	 	 	7,141	 	 	 	7,141	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Class B Common Stock	 	$	5.39	 	 	$	6.35	 	 	$	3.38	 	
Weighted average number of Class B Common Stock shares outstanding	 	 	2,168	 	 	 	2,147	 	 	 	2,126	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Diluted net income per share based on net income attributable to Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Common Stock	 	$	5.36	 	 	$	6.33	 	 	$	3.37	 	
Weighted average number of Common Stock shares outstanding – assuming dilution	 	 	9,349	 	 	 	9,328	 	 	 	9,307	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Class B Common Stock	 	$	5.35	 	 	$	6.31	 	 	$	3.35	 	
Weighted average number of Class B Common Stock shares outstanding – assuming dilution	 	 	2,208	 	 	 	2,187	 	 	 	2,166	 	
 
See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

63

 
COCA-COLA BOTTLING CO. CONSOLIDATED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
(in thousands)	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	
Net income	 	$	56,663	 	 	$	65,044	 	 	$	36,082	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Defined benefit plans reclassification including pension costs:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Actuarial gain (loss)	 	 	(4,150	)	 	 	6,624	 	 	 	(31,839	)	
Prior service costs	 	 	17	 	 	 	21	 	 	 	22	 	
Postretirement benefits reclassification including benefit costs:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Actuarial gain (loss)	 	 	(4,286	)	 	 	2,934	 	 	 	(4,318	)	
Prior service costs	 	 	(2,065	)	 	 	(2,068	)	 	 	4,402	 	
Foreign currency translation adjustment	 	 	(6	)	 	 	(4	)	 	 	(5	)	
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	 	 	(10,490	)	 	 	7,507	 	 	 	(31,738	)	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Comprehensive income	 	 	46,173	 	 	 	72,551	 	 	 	4,344	 	
Less: Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interest	 	 	6,517	 	 	 	6,042	 	 	 	4,728	 	
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated	 	$	39,656	 	 	$	66,509	 	 	$	(384	)	
 
See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

64

 
COCA-COLA BOTTLING CO. CONSOLIDATED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
 
(in thousands, except share data)	 	January 1, 2017	 	 	January 3, 2016	 	
ASSETS	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Current Assets:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Cash and cash equivalents	 	$	21,850	 	 	$	55,498	 	
Accounts receivable, trade	 	 	271,661	 	 	 	186,126	 	
Allowance for doubtful accounts	 	 	(4,448	)	 	 	(2,117	)	
Accounts receivable from The Coca-Cola Company	 	 	67,591	 	 	 	28,564	 	
Accounts receivable, other	 	 	29,770	 	 	 	24,047	 	
Inventories	 	 	143,553	 	 	 	89,464	 	
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	 	 	63,834	 	 	 	53,337	 	
Total current assets	 	 	593,811	 	 	 	434,919	 	
Property, plant and equipment, net	 	 	812,989	 	 	 	525,820	 	
Leased property under capital leases, net	 	 	33,552	 	 	 	40,145	 	
Other assets	 	 	86,091	 	 	 	63,739	 	
Franchise rights	 	 	533,040	 	 	 	527,540	 	
Goodwill	 	 	144,586	 	 	 	117,954	 	
Other identifiable intangible assets, net	 	 	245,415	 	 	 	136,448	 	
Total assets	 	$	2,449,484	 	 	$	1,846,565	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Current liabilities:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Current portion of obligations under capital leases	 	$	7,527	 	 	$	7,063	 	
Accounts payable, trade	 	 	116,821	 	 	 	82,937	 	
Accounts payable to The Coca-Cola Company	 	 	135,155	 	 	 	79,065	 	
Other accrued liabilities	 	 	133,885	 	 	 	104,168	 	
Accrued compensation	 	 	60,880	 	 	 	49,839	 	
Accrued interest payable	 	 	3,639	 	 	 	3,481	 	
Total current liabilities	 	 	457,907	 	 	 	326,553	 	
Deferred income taxes	 	 	174,854	 	 	 	146,944	 	
Pension and postretirement benefit obligations	 	 	126,679	 	 	 	115,197	 	
Other liabilities	 	 	378,572	 	 	 	267,090	 	
Obligations under capital leases	 	 	41,194	 	 	 	48,721	 	
Long-term debt	 	 	907,254	 	 	 	619,628	 	
Total liabilities	 	 	2,086,460	 	 	 	1,524,133	 	
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 14)	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Equity:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Convertible Preferred Stock, $100.00 par value:  authorized - 50,000 shares; issued - none	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Nonconvertible Preferred Stock, $100.00 par value:  authorized - 50,000 shares; issued - none	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Preferred Stock, $.01 par value:  authorized - 20,000,000 shares; issued - none	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Common Stock, $1.00 par value:  authorized - 30,000,000 shares; issued - 10,203,821 shares	 	 	10,204	 	 	 	10,204	 	
Class B Common Stock, $1.00 par value:  authorized - 10,000,000 shares; issued-2,799,816 and 2,778,896 shares, respectively	 	 	2,798	 	 	 	2,777	 	
Class C Common Stock, $1.00 par value:  authorized - 20,000,000 shares; issued - none	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Capital in excess of par value	 	 	116,769	 	 	 	113,064	 	
Retained earnings	 	 	301,511	 	 	 	260,672	 	
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	 	 	(92,897	)	 	 	(82,407	)	
Treasury stock, at cost:  Common Stock - 3,062,374 shares	 	 	(60,845	)	 	 	(60,845	)	
Treasury stock, at cost:  Class B Common Stock - 628,114 shares	 	 	(409	)	 	 	(409	)	
Total equity of Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated	 	 	277,131	 	 	 	243,056	 	
Noncontrolling interest	 	 	85,893	 	 	 	79,376	 	
Total equity	 	 	363,024	 	 	 	322,432	 	
Total liabilities and equity	 	$	2,449,484	 	 	$	1,846,565	 	
 
See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
65

 
COCA-COLA BOTTLING CO. CONSOLIDATED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
(in thousands)	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net income	 	$	56,663	 	 	$	65,044	 	 	$	36,082	 	
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Depreciation expense	 	 	111,613	 	 	 	78,096	 	 	 	60,397	 	
Amortization of intangibles	 	 	5,010	 	 	 	2,800	 	 	 	733	 	
Deferred income taxes	 	 	42,942	 	 	 	10,408	 	 	 	4,220	 	
Loss on sale of property, plant and equipment	 	 	2,892	 	 	 	1,268	 	 	 	677	 	
Impairment of property, plant and equipment	 	 	382	 	 	 	148	 	 	 	-	 	
Gain (loss) on exchange of franchise territory	 	 	692	 	 	 	(8,807	)	 	 	-	 	
Gain on sale of business	 	 	-	 	 	 	(22,651	)	 	 	-	 	
Bargain purchase gain	 	 	-	 	 	 	(2,011	)	 	 	-	 	
Amortization of debt costs	 	 	1,855	 	 	 	2,011	 	 	 	1,938	 	
Stock compensation expense	 	 	7,154	 	 	 	7,300	 	 	 	3,542	 	
Fair value adjustment of acquisition related contingent consideration	 	 	(1,910	)	 	 	3,576	 	 	 	1,077	 	
Change in current assets less current liabilities (exclusive of acquisition)	 	 	(39,909	)	 	 	(18,262	)	 	 	(16,331	)	
Change in other noncurrent assets (exclusive of acquisition)	 	 	(14,564	)	 	 	(4,292	)	 	 	(3,195	)	
Change in other noncurrent liabilities (exclusive of acquisition)	 	 	(10,850	)	 	 	(6,214	)	 	 	3,333	 	
Other	 	 	25	 	 	 	(124	)	 	 	(570	)	
Total adjustments	 	 	105,332	 	 	 	43,246	 	 	 	55,821	 	
Net cash provided by operating activities	 	 	161,995	 	 	 	108,290	 	 	 	91,903	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Additions to property, plant and equipment (exclusive of acquisition)	 	 	(172,586	)	 	 	(163,887	)	 	 	(84,364	)	
Proceeds from the sale of property, plant and equipment	 	 	1,072	 	 	 	1,891	 	 	 	1,701	 	
Proceeds from the sale of BYB Brands, Inc.	 	 	-	 	 	 	26,360	 	 	 	-	 	
Investment in CONA Services LLC	 	 	(7,875	)	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	
Acquisition of Expansion Territories, net of cash acquired	 	 	(272,637	)	 	 	(81,707	)	 	 	(41,588	)	
Net cash used in investing activities	 	 	(452,026	)	 	 	(217,343	)	 	 	(124,251	)	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Borrowings under Senior Notes, net of discount	 	 	-	 	 	 	349,913	 	 	 	-	 	
Borrowings under Term Loan Facility	 	 	300,000	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	
Borrowing under Revolving Credit Facility	 	 	410,000	 	 	 	334,000	 	 	 	191,624	 	
Payment of Revolving Credit Facility	 	 	(258,000	)	 	 	(405,000	)	 	 	(125,624	)	
Payment of Senior Notes	 	 	(164,757	)	 	 	(100,000	)	 	 	-	 	
Repayment of Lines of Credit	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	(20,000	)	
Cash dividends paid	 	 	(9,307	)	 	 	(9,287	)	 	 	(9,266	)	
Excess tax expense (benefit) from stock-based compensation	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	176	 	
Payment of acquisition related contingent consideration	 	 	(13,550	)	 	 	(4,039	)	 	 	(212	)	
Principal payments on capital lease obligations	 	 	(7,063	)	 	 	(6,555	)	 	 	(5,939	)	
Other	 	 	(940	)	 	 	(3,576	)	 	 	(1,077	)	
Net cash provided by financing activities	 	 	256,383	 	 	 	155,456	 	 	 	29,682	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net increase (decrease) in cash	 	 	(33,648	)	 	 	46,403	 	 	 	(2,666	)	
Cash at beginning of year	 	 	55,498	 	 	 	9,095	 	 	 	11,761	 	
Cash at end of year	 	$	21,850	 	 	$	55,498	 	 	$	9,095	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Significant noncash investing and financing activities:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Issuance of Class B Common Stock in connection with stock award	 	$	3,726	 	 	$	2,225	 	 	$	1,763	 	
Capital lease obligations incurred	 	 	-	 	 	 	3,361	 	 	 	-	 	
Additions to property, plant and equipment accrued and recorded in accounts payable, trade	 	 	15,704	 	 	 	14,006	 	 	 	9,185	 	
 
See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

66

 
COCA-COLA BOTTLING CO. CONSOLIDATED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 
(in thousands, except share data)	 	Common Stock	 	 	Class B Common Stock	 	 	Capital in Excess of Par Value	 	 	Retained Earnings	 	 	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	 	 	Treasury Stock - Common Stock	 	 	Treasury Stock - Class B Common Stock	 	 	Total
Equity
of Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated	 	 	Noncontrolling
Interest	 	 	Total
Equity	 	
Balance on Dec. 29, 2013	 	$	10,204	 	 	$	2,735	 	 	$	108,942	 	 	$	188,869	 	 	$	(58,176	)	 	$	(60,845	)	 	$	(409	)	 	$	191,320	 	 	$	68,606	 	 	$	259,926	 	
Net income	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	31,354	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	31,354	 	 	 	4,728	 	 	 	36,082	 	
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	(31,738	)	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	(31,738	)	 	 	-	 	 	 	(31,738	)	
Cash dividends paid:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Common ($1.00 per share)	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	(7,141	)	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	(7,141	)	 	 	-	 	 	 	(7,141	)	
Class B Common ($1.00 per share)	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	(2,125	)	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	(2,125	)	 	 	-	 	 	 	(2,125	)	
Issuance of 20,900 shares of Class B Common Stock	 	 	-	 	 	 	21	 	 	 	1,742	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	1,763	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	1,763	 	
Stock compensation adjustment	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	176	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	176	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	176	 	
Balance on Dec. 28, 2014	 	$	10,204	 	 	$	2,756	 	 	$	110,860	 	 	$	210,957	 	 	$	(89,914	)	 	$	(60,845	)	 	$	(409	)	 	$	183,609	 	 	$	73,334	 	 	$	256,943	 	
Net income	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	59,002	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	59,002	 	 	 	6,042	 	 	 	65,044	 	
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	7,507	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	7,507	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	7,507	 	
Cash dividends paid:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Common ($1.00 per share)	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	(7,141	)	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	(7,141	)	 	 	-	 	 	 	(7,141	)	
Class B Common ($1.00 per share)	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	(2,146	)	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	(2,146	)	 	 	-	 	 	 	(2,146	)	
Issuance of 20,920 shares of Class B Common Stock	 	 	-	 	 	 	21	 	 	 	2,204	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	2,225	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	2,225	 	
Balance on January 3, 2016	 	$	10,204	 	 	$	2,777	 	 	$	113,064	 	 	$	260,672	 	 	$	(82,407	)	 	$	(60,845	)	 	$	(409	)	 	$	243,056	 	 	$	79,376	 	 	$	322,432	 	
Net income	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	50,146	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	50,146	 	 	 	6,517	 	 	 	56,663	 	
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	(10,490	)	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	(10,490	)	 	 	-	 	 	 	(10,490	)	
Cash dividends paid:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Common ($1.00 per share)	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	(7,141	)	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	(7,141	)	 	 	-	 	 	 	(7,141	)	
Class B Common ($1.00 per share)	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	(2,166	)	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	(2,166	)	 	 	-	 	 	 	(2,166	)	
Issuance of 20,920 shares of Class B Common Stock	 	 	-	 	 	 	21	 	 	 	3,705	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	3,726	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	3,726	 	
Balance on January 1, 2017	 	$	10,204	 	 	$	2,798	 	 	$	116,769	 	 	$	301,511	 	 	$	(92,897	)	 	$	(60,845	)	 	$	(409	)	 	$	277,131	 	 	$	85,893	 	 	$	363,024	 	
 
See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 
67

COCA-COLA BOTTLING CO. CONSOLIDATED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
1.	Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	
 
Description of Business
 
Coca‑Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated (the “Company”) produces, markets and distributes nonalcoholic beverages, primarily products of The Coca‑Cola Company, and is the largest independent Coca‑Cola bottler in the United States. The Company manages its business on the basis of four operating segments and two reporting segments.
 
Piedmont Coca-Cola Bottling Partnership (“Piedmont”) is the Company’s only subsidiary with significant noncontrolling interest. Piedmont distributes and markets nonalcoholic beverages in portions of North Carolina and South Carolina. The Company provides a portion of the nonalcoholic beverage products to Piedmont at cost and receives a fee for managing the operations of Piedmont pursuant to a management agreement. Refer to Note 2 for additional information.
 
As part of The Coca‑Cola Company’s plans to refranchise its North American bottling territories, the Company is engaged in a multi-year series of transactions with The Coca‑Cola Company and Coca‑Cola Refreshments, Inc. (“CCR”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of The Coca‑Cola Company, to expand its distribution operations significantly through the acquisition both of rights to serve additional distribution territories previously served by CCR and of related distribution assets. Refer to Note 3 for additional information.
 
Principles of Consolidation
 
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its majority owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.
 
Use of Estimates
 
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
 
Fiscal Year
 
The Company’s fiscal year generally ends on the Sunday closest to December 31 of each year. The fiscal years presented are:
 
 	•	The 52-week period ended January 1, 2017 (“2016”)	

 	•	The 53-week period ended January 3, 2016 (“2015”); and	

 	•	The 52-week period ended December 28, 2014 (“2014”).	
 
Cash and Cash Equivalents
 
Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, cash in banks and cash equivalents, which are highly liquid debt instruments with maturities of less than 90 days. The Company maintains cash deposits with major banks, which, from time to time, may exceed federally insured limits. The Company periodically assesses the financial condition of the institutions and believes the risk of any loss is minimal.
 
Accounts Receivable, Trade
 
The Company sells its products to mass merchandise retailers, supermarkets retailers, convenience stores and other customers and extends credit, generally without requiring collateral, based on an ongoing evaluation of the customer’s business prospects and financial condition. The Company’s trade accounts receivable are typically collected within 30 days from the date of sale.
 
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Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
 
The Company evaluates the collectibility of its trade accounts receivable based on a number of factors, including the specific industry in which a particular customer operates. When the Company becomes aware of a customer’s inability to meet its financial obligations to the Company, a specific reserve for bad debts is estimated and recorded to reduce the recognized receivable to the estimated amount the Company believes will ultimately be collected. In addition to specific customer identification of potential bad debts, an allowance for doubtful accounts is recorded based on the Company’s recent past loss history and an overall assessment of past due trade accounts receivable outstanding.
 
Inventories
 
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. Cost is determined on the first-in, first-out method for finished products and manufacturing materials and on the average cost method for plastic shells, plastic pallets and other inventories.
 
Property, Plant and Equipment
 
Property, plant and equipment are recorded at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Leasehold improvements on operating leases are depreciated over the shorter of the estimated useful lives or the term of the lease, including renewal options the Company determines are reasonably assured. Additions and major replacements or betterments are added to the assets at cost. Maintenance and repair costs and minor replacements are charged to expense when incurred. When assets are replaced or otherwise disposed, the cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and the gains or losses, if any, are reflected in the statement of operations. Gains or losses on the disposal of manufacturing equipment and manufacturing facilities are included in cost of sales. Gains or losses on the disposal of all other property, plant and equipment are included in selling, delivery and administrative (“S,D&A”) expenses.
 
The Company evaluates the recoverability of the carrying amount of its property, plant and equipment when events or circumstances indicate the carrying amount of an asset or asset group may not be recoverable. These evaluations are performed at a level where independent cash flows may be attributed to either an asset or an asset group. If the Company determines the carrying amount of an asset or asset group is not recoverable based upon the expected undiscounted future cash flows of the asset or asset group, an impairment loss is recorded equal to the excess of the carrying amounts over the estimated fair value of the long-lived assets.
 
Leased Property Under Capital Leases
 
Leased property under capital leases is depreciated using the straight-line method over the lease term.
 
Internal Use Software
 
The Company capitalizes costs incurred in the development or acquisition of internal use software. The Company expenses costs incurred in the preliminary project planning stage. Costs, such as maintenance and training, are also expensed as incurred. Capitalized costs are amortized over their estimated useful lives using the straight-line method. Amortization expense, which is included in depreciation expense, for internal-use software was $10.9 million in 2016, $9.3 million in 2015 and $7.6 million in 2014.
 
Franchise Rights and Goodwill
 
All business combinations are accounted for using the acquisition method. Goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are tested for impairment annually, or more frequently if facts and circumstances indicate such assets may be impaired. Franchise rights and goodwill are the only intangible assets the Company classifies as indefinite lived.
 
The Company performs its annual impairment test as of the first day of the fourth quarter each year. For both franchise rights and goodwill, when appropriate, the Company performs a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the franchise rights or goodwill is below its carrying value.
 
When a quantitative analysis is considered necessary for the annual impairment analysis of franchise rights, the Company utilizes the Greenfield Method to estimate the fair value. The Greenfield Method assumes the Company is new, owning only franchise rights, and making investments required to build an operation comparable to the Company’s current operations. The Company estimates the cash flows required to build a comparable operation and the available future cash flows from these operations. The cash flows are then discounted using an appropriate discount rate. The estimated fair value based upon the discounted cash flows is compared to the carrying value on an aggregated basis to determine whether an impairment is needed.
 
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The Company has determined it has one reporting unit, within the Nonalcoholic Beverages reportable segment, for the purpose of assessing goodwill for potential impairment. The Company uses its overall market capitalization as part of its estimate of fair value of the reporting unit and in assessing the reasonableness of the Company’s internal estimates of fair value.
 
When a quantitative analysis is considered necessary for the annual impairment analysis of goodwill, the Company develops an estimated fair value for the reporting unit considering three different approaches:
 
 	•	market value, using the Company’s stock price plus outstanding debt;	

 	•	discounted cash flow analysis; and	

 	•	multiple of earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization based upon relevant industry data.	
 
The estimated fair value of the reporting unit is then compared to its carrying amount, including goodwill. If the estimated fair value exceeds the carrying amount, goodwill is not considered impaired, and the second step of the impairment test is not necessary. If the carrying amount, including goodwill, exceeds its estimated fair value, the second step of the impairment test is performed to measure the amount of the impairment, if any. In the second step, a comparison is made between the book value of goodwill and the implied fair value of goodwill. Implied fair value of goodwill is determined by comparing the fair value of the reporting unit to the book value of its net identifiable assets, excluding goodwill. To estimate the implied fair value of goodwill for a reporting unit, the Company assigns the fair value of the assets and liabilities associated with the reporting unit as if the reporting unit had been acquired in a business combination. Any excess of the carrying value of goodwill of the reporting unit over its implied fair value is recorded as an impairment.
 
To the extent the actual and projected cash flows decline in the future or if market conditions significantly deteriorate, the Company may be required to perform an interim impairment analysis that could result in an impairment of franchise rights or goodwill.
 
Other Identifiable Intangible Assets
 
Other identifiable intangible assets primarily represent customer relationships and distribution rights, and are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives.
 
Acquisition Related Contingent Consideration Liability
 
The acquisition related contingent consideration liability consists of the estimated amounts due to The Coca‑Cola Company under the Comprehensive Beverage Agreements (“CBAs”) over the remaining useful life of the related distribution rights intangible assets. Under the CBAs, the Company is required to make quarterly sub-bottling payments on a continuing basis for the grant of exclusive rights to distribute, promote, market and sell specified covered beverages and related products, as defined in the agreements, in certain acquired territories. The quarterly sub-bottling payment is based on sales of certain beverages and beverage products sold under the same trademarks that identify a covered beverage, related product or certain cross-licensed brands, as defined in the CBAs.
 
Each reporting period, the Company evaluates future cash flows associated with its acquired territories and the associated discount rate to determine the fair value of the contingent consideration. These cash flows represent the Company’s best estimate of amounts which will be paid to The Coca‑Cola Company under the CBAs over the remaining life of certain distribution rights intangible assets. The discount rate represents the Company’s weighted average cost of capital at the reporting date of the fair value calculation. Changes in the fair value of the acquisition related contingent consideration are included in “Other income (expense)” on the Consolidated Statement of Operations.
 
Pension and Postretirement Benefit Plans
 
The Company has a noncontributory pension plan covering certain nonunion employees and a noncontributory pension plan covering certain union employees. Costs of the plans are charged to current operations and include several components of net periodic pension cost based on actuarial assumptions regarding future expectations of the plans. In addition, certain other union employees are covered by plans provided by their respective union organizations and the Company expenses amounts as paid in accordance with union agreements. The Company recognizes the cost of postretirement benefits, which consist primarily of medical benefits, during employees’ periods of active service.
 
Amounts recorded for benefit plans reflect estimates related to interest rates, investment returns, employee turnover and health care costs. The discount rate assumptions used to determine the pension and postretirement benefit obligations are based on yield rates available on double-A bonds as of each plan’s measurement date.
 
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Income Taxes
 
Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to operating losses and tax credit carryforwards, as well as differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.
 
A valuation allowance will be provided against deferred tax assets if the Company determines it is more likely than not such assets will not ultimately be realized.
 
The Company does not recognize a tax benefit unless it concludes that it is more likely than not that the benefit will be sustained on audit by the taxing authority based solely on the technical merits of the associated tax position. If the recognition threshold is met, the Company recognizes a tax benefit measured at the largest amount of the tax benefit that, in the Company’s judgment, is greater than 50 percent likely to be realized. The Company records interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense.
 
Revenue Recognition
 
Revenues are recognized when finished products are delivered to customers and both the title and the risks and benefits of ownership are transferred, price is fixed and determinable, collection is reasonably assured and, in the event of full service vending, when cash is collected from the vending machines. Appropriate provisions are made for uncollectible accounts.
 
The Company receives service fees from The Coca‑Cola Company for the delivery of fountain syrup products to The Coca‑Cola Company’s fountain customers and for the repair of fountain equipment owned by The Coca‑Cola Company. These service fees are recognized as revenue when the respective services are completed. Service revenue represents approximately one percent of net sales, and is presented within the Nonalcoholic Beverages segment.
 
In addition to delivering its own products, the Company performs freight hauling and brokerage for third parties. The freight charges are recognized as revenue when the delivery is complete. Freight revenue from third parties represents approximately two percent of net sales, and is presented within the All Other segment.
 
Revenues do not include sales or other taxes collected from customers.
 
Marketing Programs and Sales Incentives
 
The Company participates in various marketing and sales programs with The Coca‑Cola Company, other beverage companies and customers to increase the sale of its products. In addition, coupon programs are deployed on a territory-specific basis. The cost of these various marketing programs and sales incentives with The Coca‑Cola Company and other beverage companies, included as deductions to net sales, totaled $117.0 million in 2016, $71.4 million in 2015 and $61.7 million. Programs negotiated with customers include arrangements under which allowances can be earned for attaining agreed-upon sales levels and/or for participating in specific marketing programs.
 
Marketing Funding Support
 
The Company receives marketing funding support payments in cash from The Coca‑Cola Company and other beverage companies. Payments to the Company for marketing programs to promote the sale of bottle/can volume and fountain syrup volume are recognized as a reduction of cost of sales, primarily on a per unit basis, as the product is sold. Payments for periodic programs are recognized in the period during which they are earned.
 
Cash consideration received by a customer from a vendor is presumed to be a reduction of the price of the vendor’s products or services. As such, the cash received is accounted for as a reduction of cost of sales unless it is a specific reimbursement of costs or payments for services. Payments the Company receives from The Coca‑Cola Company and other beverage companies for marketing funding support are classified as reductions of cost of sales.
 
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Derivative Financial Instruments
 
The Company uses derivative financial instruments, with the intent of reducing risk over time, to manage its exposure to movements in interest rates and certain commodity prices. The Company does not use financial instruments for trading purposes, and it does not use leveraged financial instruments. Credit risk related to the derivative financial instruments is managed by requiring high credit standards for its counterparties and periodic settlements. The Company records all derivative instruments in the consolidated financial statements at fair value.
 
Commodity Hedges
 
The Company uses derivative instruments to hedge some or all of its projected purchases of aluminum and of diesel fuel and unleaded gasoline for the Company’s delivery fleet and other vehicles. The Company generally pays a fee for these instruments, which is amortized over the corresponding period of the instrument. The Company accounts for its commodity hedges on a mark-to-market basis with any expense or income reflected as an adjustment of related costs which are included in either cost of sales or S,D&A expenses.
 
Risk Management Programs
 
The Company uses various insurance structures to manage its workers’ compensation, auto liability, medical and other insurable risks. These structures consist of retentions, deductibles, limits and a diverse group of insurers that serve to strategically transfer and mitigate the financial impact of losses. The Company uses commercial insurance for claims as a risk reduction strategy to minimize catastrophic losses. Losses are accrued using assumptions and procedures followed in the insurance industry, adjusted for company-specific history and expectations.
 
Cost of Sales
 
Cost of sales includes raw material costs, manufacturing labor, manufacturing overhead including depreciation expense, manufacturing warehousing costs and shipping and handling costs related to the movement of finished goods from manufacturing locations to sales distribution centers.
 
Selling, Delivery and Administrative Expenses
 
S,D&A expenses include sales management labor costs, distribution costs from sales distribution centers to customer locations, sales distribution center warehouse costs, depreciation expense related to sales centers, delivery vehicles and cold drink equipment, point-of-sale expenses, advertising expenses, cold drink equipment repair costs, amortization of intangibles and administrative support labor and operating costs such as treasury, legal, information services, accounting, internal control services, human resources and executive management costs.
 
Shipping and Handling Costs
 
Shipping and handling costs related to the movement of finished goods from manufacturing locations to sales distribution centers are included in cost of sales. Shipping and handling costs related to the movement of finished goods from sales distribution centers to customer locations are included in S,D&A expenses and were $314.3 million in 2016, $222.9 million in 2015 and $211.6 million in 2014.
 
Delivery fees charged by the Company are used to offset a portion of the Company’s delivery and handling costs. The fees are recorded net sales and are presented within the Nonalcoholic Beverages segment. There were delivery fees of $6.0 million in 2016, $6.3 million in 2015 and $6.2 million in 2014 recorded to net sales.
 
Stock Compensation with Contingent Vesting
 
In April 2008, the stockholders of the Company approved a Performance Unit Award Agreement for J. Frank Harrison, III, the Company’s Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer, consisting of 400,000 performance units (“Units”). Each Unit represents the right to receive one share of the Company’s Class B Common Stock, subject to certain terms and conditions. The Units are subject to vesting in annual increments over a ten-year period starting in fiscal year 2009. The number of Units that vest each year will be equal the product of 40,000 multiplied by the overall goal achievement factor, not to exceed 100%, under the Company’s Annual Bonus Plan.
 
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Each annual 40,000 unit tranche has an independent performance requirement that is not established until the Company’s Annual Bonus Plan targets are approved during the first quarter of each year by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors. As a result, each 40,000 unit tranche is considered to have its own service inception date, grant-date and requisite service period. The Performance Unit Award Agreement does not entitle Mr. Harrison, to participate in dividends or voting rights until each installment has vested and related shares are issued. Mr. Harrison may satisfy tax withholding requirements in whole or in part by requiring the Company to settle in cash such a number of units otherwise payable in Class B Common Stock to meet the maximum statutory tax withholding requirements. The Company recognizes compensation expense over the requisite service period (one fiscal year) based on the Company’s stock price at the end of each accounting period, unless the achievement of the performance requirement for the fiscal year is considered unlikely.
 
See Note 17 to the consolidated financial statements for additional information on Mr. Harrison’s stock compensation program.
 
Net Income Per Share
 
The Company applies the two-class method for calculating and presenting net income per share. The two-class method is an earnings allocation formula that determines earnings per share for each class of common stock according to dividends declared or accumulated and participation rights in undistributed earnings. Under this method:
 
 	(a)	Income from continuing operations (“net income”) is reduced by the amount of dividends declared in the current period for each class of stock and by the contractual amount of dividends that must be paid for the current period.	

 	(b)	The remaining earnings (“undistributed earnings”) are allocated to Common Stock and Class B Common Stock to the extent each security may share in earnings as if all the earnings for the period had been distributed. The total earnings allocated to each security is determined by adding together the amount allocated for dividends and the amount allocated for a participation feature.	

 	(c)	The total earnings allocated to each security is then divided by the number of outstanding shares of the security to which the earnings are allocated to determine the earnings per share for the security.	

 	(d)	Basic and diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) data are presented for each class of common stock.	
 
In applying the two-class method, the Company determined undistributed earnings should be allocated equally on a per share basis between the Common Stock and Class B Common Stock due to the aggregate participation rights of the Class B Common Stock (i.e., the voting and conversion rights) and the Company’s history of paying dividends equally on a per share basis on the Common Stock and Class B Common Stock.
 
Under the Company’s certificate of incorporation, the Board of Directors may declare dividends on Common Stock without declaring equal or any dividends on the Class B Common Stock. Notwithstanding this provision, Class B Common Stock has voting and conversion rights that allow the Class B Common Stock to participate equally on a per share basis with the Common Stock.
 
The Class B Common Stock is entitled to 20 votes per share and the Common Stock is entitled to one vote per share with respect to each matter to be voted upon by the stockholders of the Company. Except as otherwise required by law, the holders of the Class B Common Stock and Common Stock vote together as a single class on all matters submitted to the Company’s stockholders, including the election of the Board of Directors. As a result, the holders of the Class B Common Stock control approximately 86% of the total voting power of the stockholders of the Company and control the election of the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors has declared and the Company has paid dividends on the Class B Common Stock and Common Stock and each class of common stock has participated equally in all dividends declared by the Board of Directors and paid by the Company since 1994.
 
The Class B Common Stock conversion rights allow the Class B Common Stock to participate in dividends equally with the Common Stock. The Class B Common Stock is convertible into Common Stock on a one-for-one per share basis at any time at the option of the holder. Accordingly, the holders of the Class B Common Stock can participate equally in any dividends declared on the Common Stock by exercising their conversion rights.
 
Basic EPS excludes potential common shares that were dilutive and is computed by dividing net income available for common stockholders by the weighted average number of Common and Class B Common shares outstanding. Diluted EPS for Common Stock and Class B Common Stock gives effect to all securities representing potential common shares that were dilutive and outstanding during the period.
 
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
 
In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-15 “Disclosure of Uncertainties About An Entity’s Ability To Continue As A Going Concern,” which specifies the responsibility an entity’s management has to evaluate whether there is substantial doubt about the
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entity’s ability to continue as a going concern. The new guidance is effective for annual and interim periods ending after December 15, 2016. The Company adopted this guidance in the fourth quarter of 2016 and there was no impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
 
In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15 “Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments,” which addresses presentation and classification of certain cash receipts and payments in the statement of cash flows, with the objective to reduce diversity in practice. The amendment applicable to the Company addresses contingent consideration payments made after a business combination and states (1) cash payments made soon after an acquisition’s consummation date should be classified as cash outflows for investing activities; (2) cash payments made thereafter should be classified as cash outflows for financing activities up to the amount of the original contingent consideration; and (3) cash payments made in excess of the original contingent consideration liability should be classified as cash outflows for operating activities. The new guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period, however if an entity elects to early adopt one amendment, it must adopt all amendments included in the guidance. The Company adopted the new pronouncements in the third quarter of 2016 and there was no impact on the consolidated financial statements.
 
In April 2015, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2015-03 “Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs” (“ASU 2015-03”). ASU 2015-03 requires all cost incurred to issue debt be presented in the balance sheet as a direct reduction from the carrying value of the debt. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015‑15 “Presentation And Subsequent Measurement Of Debt Issuance Costs Associated With Line-Of-Credit Arrangements, Amendments To SEC Paragraphs Pursuant To Staff Announcement At June 18, 2015 EITF Meeting.” ASU 2015-15 clarified that an entity can present debt issuance costs of a line-of-credit arrangement as an asset regardless of whether there are any outstanding borrowings on the line-of-credit arrangement. The new guidance was effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2015. The standard was retrospectively adopted by the Company on January 4, 2016, and did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. At January 3, 2016, $3.1 million and $1.1 million of debt issuance costs were reclassified to long-term debt from other assets and prepaid expenses and other current assets, respectively.
 
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
 
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04 “Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment,” which eliminates the requirement to calculate the implied fair value of goodwill to measure a goodwill impairment charge. The new guidance is effective for the annual or any interim goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company does not anticipate the adoption of this guidance will have a significant impact on its consolidated financial statements.
 
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01 “Clarifying the Definition of a Business,” which clarifies the definition of a business with the objective of adding guidance to assist entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions or disposals of assets or businesses. The new guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those periods. The impact to the Company’s consolidated financial statements will depend on the facts and circumstances of any specific future transactions.
 
In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09 “Improvements To Employees Share Based Payment Accounting,” which simplifies several aspects of the accounting for employee-share based transactions including the accounting for income taxes, forfeitures and statutory tax withholding requirements, as well as classification in the statement of cash flows. The new guidance is effective for annual and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016. The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact of the new guidance on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
 
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02 “Leases.” The new guidance requires lessees to recognize a right-to-use asset and a lease liability for virtually all leases (other than leases meeting the definition of a short-term lease). The new guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 and interim periods beginning the following year. The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact of the new guidance on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. Additionally, the Company is evaluating the impacts of the standard beyond accounting, including system, data and process changes required to comply with the standard.
 
In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01 “Recognition And Measurement Of Financial Assets And Financial Liabilities.” The new guidance revises the classification and measurement of investments in equity securities and the presentation of certain fair value changes in financial liabilities measured at fair value. The new guidance is effective for annual and interim reporting periods beginning after December 31, 2017. The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact of the new guidance on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
 
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In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-11 “Simplifying The Measurement of Inventory.” The new guidance requires an entity to measure most inventory “at lower of cost and net realizable value” thereby simplifying the current guidance under which an entity must measure inventory at the lower of cost or market. The new guidance is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2016. The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact of the new guidance on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
 
Over the past several years, the FASB has issued several accounting standards for revenue recognition:
 
 	•	ASU 2014‑09 “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” was issued in May 2014, which was originally going to be effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2016.	

 	•	ASU 2015-14 “Revenue from Contracts with Customers, Deferral of the Effective Date” was issued in July 2015, which deferred the effective date to annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017.	

 	•	ASU 2016-08 “Principal Versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross Versus Net)” was issued in March 2016, which amends certain aspects of the May 2014 new guidance.	

 	•	ASU 2016-11 “Rescission of SEC Guidance Because of Accounting Standards Updates 2014-09 and 2014-16, Pursuant to Staff Announcements at the March 3, 2016 EITF Meeting” was issued in April 2016, which amends certain aspects of the May 2014 new guidance.	

 	•	ASU 2016-12 “Revenue From Contracts With Customers (Topic 606): Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients” was issued in May 2016, which amends certain aspects of the May 2014 new guidance.	

 	•	ASU 2016-20 “Technical Corrections and Improvements to Topic 606: Revenue From Contracts With Customers” was issued in December 2016 and clarifies the new revenue standard and corrects unintended application of the guidance.	
 
The Company does not plan to early adopt this guidance. The Company has started its evaluation process to assess the impact of the new guidance on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and to determine whether to adopt a full retrospective approach or a modified retrospective approach. The evaluation process includes tasks such as performing an initial scoping analysis to identify key revenue streams, reviewing current revenue-based contracts and evaluating revenue recognition requirements in order to prepare a high-level road map and implementation work plan. Based on the Company’s preliminary review, it does not expect this guidance to have a material impact on net sales. As the Company complete its overall assessment, the Company is also identifying and preparing to implement changes to our accounting policies and practices, business processes, systems and controls to support the new revenue recognition and disclosure requirements.
 
2.	Piedmont Coca-Cola Bottling Partnership	
 
In 1993, the Company and The Coca‑Cola Company formed Piedmont to distribute and market nonalcoholic beverages primarily in portions of North Carolina and South Carolina. The Company provides a portion of the nonalcoholic beverage products to Piedmont at cost and receives a fee for managing the operations of Piedmont pursuant to a management agreement. These intercompany transactions are eliminated in the consolidated financial statements.
 
The Company currently provides financing to Piedmont under an agreement that expires on December 31, 2017. Piedmont pays the Company interest on its borrowings at the Company’s average cost of funds plus 0.50%. There were no amounts outstanding under this agreement at January 1, 2017 or January 3, 2016.
 
Noncontrolling interest as of January 1, 2017, January 3, 2016 and December 28, 2014 primarily represents the portion of Piedmont owned by The Coca‑Cola Company. The Coca‑Cola Company’s interest in Piedmont was 22.7% in all periods reported.
 
Noncontrolling interest income of $6.5 million in 2016, $6.0 million in 2015 and $4.7 million in 2014 is included in net income on the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. In addition, the amount of consolidated net income attributable to both the Company and noncontrolling interest are shown on the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.
 
Noncontrolling interest primarily related to Piedmont is shown as noncontrolling interest in the equity section of the Company’s consolidated balance sheets and totaled $85.9 million at January 1, 2017 and $79.4 million at January 3, 2016.
 
3.	Acquisitions and Divestitures	
 
Since April 2013, as a part of The Coca‑Cola Company’s plans to refranchise its North American bottling territories, the Company has engaged in a series of transactions with The Coca‑Cola Company and Coca‑Cola Refreshments USA, Inc. (“CCR”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of The Coca‑Cola Company, to expand the Company’s distribution operations significantly through the acquisition of rights to serve additional distribution territories previously served by CCR (the “Expansion Territories”) and of related distribution assets (the “Distribution Territory Expansion Transactions”). During 2015, the Company completed the remaining Distribution
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Territory Expansion Transactions announced as part of the April 2013 letter of intent signed with The Coca‑Cola Company. These completed acquisitions include Expansion Territories in parts of Tennessee, Kentucky and Indiana.
 
On May 12, 2015, the Company and The Coca‑Cola Company entered into a non-binding letter of intent (the “May 2015 LOI”) pursuant to which CCR would in two phases (i) grant the Company certain exclusive rights for the distribution, promotion, marketing and sale of The Coca‑Cola Company-owned and -licensed products in additional territories served by CCR and (ii) sell the Company certain assets that included rights to distribute those cross‑licensed brands distributed in the territories by CCR as well as the assets used by CCR in the distribution of the cross‑licensed brands and The Coca‑Cola Company brands. The major markets that would be served by the Company as part of the expansion contemplated by the May 2015 LOI include: Baltimore, Maryland; Alexandria, Norfolk and Richmond, Virginia; the District of Columbia; Cincinnati, Columbus and Dayton, Ohio; and Indianapolis, Indiana.
 
On September 23, 2015, the Company and CCR entered into an asset purchase agreement (the “September 2015 APA”) for the first phase of the additional distribution territory contemplated by the May 2015 LOI including: (i) eastern and northern Virginia, (ii) the entire state of Maryland, (iii) the District of Columbia, and (iv) parts of Delaware, North Carolina, Pennsylvania and West Virginia. Following is a summary of key closing dates for the transactions covered by the September 2015 APA:
 
 	•	October 30, 2015 – The first closing under the September 2015 APA occurred for territories served by distribution facilities in Norfolk, Fredericksburg and Staunton, Virginia and Elizabeth City, North Carolina.	

 	•	January 29, 2016 – The second closing under the September 2015 APA occurred for territories served by distribution facilities in Easton and Salisbury, Maryland and Richmond and Yorktown, Virginia.	

 	•	April 1, 2016 – The third closing under the September 2015 APA occurred for territories served by distribution facilities in Alexandria, Virginia and Capitol Heights and La Plata, Maryland.	

 	•	April 29, 2016 – The final closing for under the September 2015 APA occurred for territories served by distribution facilities in Baltimore, Hagerstown and Cumberland, Maryland.	
 
The May 2015 LOI contemplated that The Coca‑Cola Company would work collaboratively with the Company and certain other expanding participating bottlers in the U.S. to implement a national product supply system. As a result of subsequent discussions with The Coca‑Cola Company, on September 23, 2015, the Company and The Coca‑Cola Company entered into a non-binding letter of intent (the “September 2015 LOI”) pursuant to which CCR would sell six manufacturing facilities (“Regional Manufacturing Facilities”) and related manufacturing assets (collectively, “Manufacturing Assets”) to the Company as the Company becomes a regional producing bottler (“Regional Producing Bottler”) in the national product supply system (the “Manufacturing Facility Expansion Transactions” and, together with the Distribution Territory Expansion Transactions, the “Expansion Transactions”). Similar to, and as an integral part of, the Distribution Territory Expansion Transactions described in the May 2015 LOI, the September 2015 LOI contemplated that the sale of the Manufacturing Assets by CCR to the Company would be accomplished in two phases: (i) the first phase would include three Regional Manufacturing Facilities located in Sandston, Virginia; Silver Spring, Maryland; and Baltimore, Maryland that serve certain of the distribution territories acquired by the Company under the September 2015 APA and (ii)  the second phase would include three Regional Manufacturing Facilities located in Indianapolis, Indiana; Portland, Indiana; and Cincinnati, Ohio that serve the distribution territories in central and southern Ohio, northern Kentucky and parts of Indiana and Illinois.
 
On October 30, 2015, the Company and CCR entered into an asset purchase agreement (the “October 2015 APA”) for the first phase of the Manufacturing Facility Expansion Transactions contemplated by the September 2015 LOI, including Regional Manufacturing Facilities located in Sandston, Virginia; Silver Spring, Maryland; and Baltimore, Maryland. Following is a summary of key closing dates for the transactions covered by the October 2015 APA:
 
 	•	January 29, 2016 – The first closing under the October 2015 APA occurred for the Sandston, Virginia facility.	

 	•	April 29, 2016 – The interim and final closings under the October 2015 APA occurred for the Silver Spring, Maryland facility and the Baltimore, Maryland facility.	
 
On February 8, 2016, the Company and The Coca‑Cola Company entered into a non-binding letter of intent (the “February 2016 LOI”) pursuant to which CCR would (i) grant the Company exclusive rights for the distribution, promotion, marketing and sale of The Coca‑Cola Company-owned and -licensed products in additional territories served by CCR in northern Ohio, (ii) sell the Company certain assets that included rights to distribute those cross-licensed brands distributed in the territories by CCR as well as the assets used by CCR in the distribution of the cross-licensed brands and The Coca‑Cola Company brands, and (iii) sell to the Company an additional Regional Manufacturing Facility currently owned by CCR located in Twinsburg, Ohio and related Manufacturing Assets. The transactions proposed in the February 2016 LOI would provide exclusive distribution rights for the Company in the following major markets: Akron, Elyria, Toledo, Willoughby, and Youngstown County in Ohio.
 
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On June 14, 2016, the Company and The Coca‑Cola Company entered into a non-binding letter of intent (the “CCR June 2016 LOI”) pursuant to which CCR would (i) grant the Company exclusive rights for the distribution, promotion, marketing and sale of The Coca‑Cola Company-owned and –licensed products in additional territories in northeastern Kentucky and southwestern West Virginia served by CCR’s distribution center in Louisa, Kentucky, (ii) sell the Company certain assets that included rights to distribute those cross-licensed brands distributed in the territories by CCR as well as the assets used by CCR in the distribution of the cross-licensed brands and The Coca‑Cola Company brands and (iii) exchange exclusive rights and associated distribution assets and working capital of CCR relating to the distribution, promotion, marketing and sale of The Coca‑Cola Company-owned and –licensed products and certain cross-licensed brands in territory in parts of Arkansas, southwestern Tennessee and northwestern Mississippi served by CCR and two additional Regional Manufacturing Facilities currently owned by CCR located in Memphis, Tennessee and West Memphis, Arkansas and related Manufacturing Assets for exclusive rights and associated distribution assets and working capital of the Company relating to the distribution, promotion, marketing and sale of The Coca‑Cola Company-owned and –licensed products and certain cross-licensed brands in territory in southern Alabama, southern Mississippi and southern Georgia currently served by the Company and a Regional Manufacturing Facility currently owned by the Company in Mobile, Alabama and related Manufacturing Assets. The transactions proposed by the CCR June 2016 LOI would provide exclusive distribution rights for the Company in the following major markets:  Little Rock, West Memphis and southern Arkansas; Memphis, Tennessee; and Louisa, Kentucky.
 
On June 14, 2016, the Company and Coca-Cola Bottling Company United, Inc. (“United”), which is an independent bottler and unrelated to the Company, entered into a non-binding letter of intent pursuant to which the Company would exchange exclusive rights and associated distribution assets and working capital relating to the distribution, promotion, marketing and sale of The Coca‑Cola Company-owned and –licensed products and certain cross-licensed brands in certain territory in south-central Tennessee, northwest Alabama and northwest Florida currently served by the Company’s distribution centers located in Florence, Alabama and Panama City, Florida, for certain of United’s exclusive rights and associated distribution assets and working capital relating to the distribution, promotion, marketing and sale of The Coca‑Cola Company-owned and –licensed products and certain cross-licensed brands in certain territory in and around Spartanburg and Bluffton, South Carolina currently served by United’s distribution centers located in Spartanburg, South Carolina and Savannah, Georgia.
 
On September 1, 2016, the Company and CCR entered into an asset purchase agreement (the “September 2016 Distribution APA”) for the second phase of the additional distribution territory contemplated by the May 2015 LOI and for a portion of the additional distribution territory contemplated by the CCR June 2016 LOI, including territories located in (i) central and southern Ohio, (ii) northern Kentucky, (iii) large portions of Indiana and (iv) parts of Illinois and West Virginia that are currently served by CCR. Following is a summary of key closing dates for the transactions covered by the September 2016 Distribution APA:
 
 	•	October 28, 2016 – The first closing under the September 2016 Distribution APA occurred for territories served by distribution facilities in Cincinnati, Dayton, Lima and Portsmouth, Ohio.	

 	•	January 27, 2017 – Subsequent to the end of 2016, the second closing under the September 2016 Distribution APA occurred for territories served by distribution facilities in Anderson, Fort Wayne, Lafayette, South Bend and Terre Haute, Indiana.	
 
On September 1, 2016, the Company and CCR also entered into an asset purchase agreement (the “September 2016 Manufacturing APA”) for the second phase of the Regional Manufacturing Facility acquisitions contemplated by the September 2015 LOI, including Regional Manufacturing Facilities located in Indianapolis, Indiana; Portland, Indiana; and Cincinnati, Ohio that serve the distribution territories in central and southern Ohio, northern Kentucky and parts of Indiana and Illinois to be acquired by the Company under the September 2016 Distribution APA. On October 28, 2016, the first closing under the September 2016 Manufacturing APA occurred for the Cincinnati, Ohio facility.
 
At the closings of each of the Distribution Territory Expansion Transactions (excluding the exchange for the Lexington Expansion Territory, as described below), the Company signed a Comprehensive Beverage Agreement (“CBA”) with The Coca‑Cola Company and CCR for each of the applicable Expansion Territories which has a term of ten years and is automatically renewed for successive additional terms of ten years unless the Company gives notice to terminate at least one year prior to the expiration of a ten-year term or unless earlier terminated as provided therein.
 
Under the CBAs, the Company makes a quarterly sub-bottling payment to CCR on a continuing basis for the grant of exclusive rights to distribute, promote, market and sell specified covered beverages and related products, as defined in the agreements. The quarterly sub-bottling payment, which is accounted for as contingent consideration, is based on sales of certain beverages and beverage products that are sold under the same trademarks that identify a covered beverage, related product or certain cross-licensed brands (as defined in the CBAs). The CBAs impose certain obligations on the Company with respect to serving the Expansion Territories and failure to meet these obligations could result in termination of a CBA if the Company fails to take corrective measures within a specified time frame.
 
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2014 Expansion Territories
 
On May 23, 2014, the Company acquired distribution rights and related assets for the Johnson City and Morristown, Tennessee territory, and on October 24, 2014, the Company acquired distribution rights and related assets for the Knoxville, Tennessee territory from CCR. The cash purchase price for the 2014 Expansion Territories was $43.1 million, which includes all post-closing adjustments.
 
2015 Expansion Territories
 
During 2015, the Company acquired distribution rights and related assets for the following territories: Cleveland and Cookeville, Tennessee; Louisville, Kentucky and Evansville, Indiana; Paducah and Pikeville, Kentucky; Norfolk, Fredericksburg and Staunton, Virginia; and Elizabeth City, North Carolina (the “2015 Expansion Territories”). The Company also acquired a make-ready center in Annapolis, Maryland in 2015. During the fourth quarter of 2015, the Company made certain measurement period adjustments as a result of purchase price changes to reflect the revised opening balance sheets for the Cleveland and Cookeville, Tennessee and Louisville, Kentucky and Evansville, Indiana territories. The details of the transactions are included below.
 
Cleveland and Cookeville, Tennessee Territory Acquisitions
 
On December 5, 2014, the Company and CCR entered into an asset purchase agreement related to the territory served by CCR through CCR’s facilities and equipment located in Cleveland and Cookeville, Tennessee (the “January 2015 Expansion Territory”). The closing of this transaction occurred on January 30, 2015, for a cash purchase price of $13.2 million, which includes all post-closing adjustments.
 
Louisville, Kentucky and Evansville, Indiana Territory Acquisitions
 
On December 17, 2014, the Company and CCR entered into an asset purchase agreement related to the territory served by CCR through CCR’s facilities and equipment located in Louisville, Kentucky and Evansville, Indiana (the “February 2015 Expansion Territory”). The closing of this transaction occurred on February 27, 2015, for a cash purchase price of $18.0 million, which includes all post-closing adjustments.
 
Paducah and Pikeville, Kentucky Territory Acquisitions
 
On February 13, 2015, the Company and CCR entered into an asset purchase agreement (the “February 2015 APA”) related to the territory served by CCR through CCR’s facilities and equipment located in Paducah and Pikeville, Kentucky (the “May 2015 Expansion Territory”). The closing of this transaction occurred on May 1, 2015, for a cash purchase price of $7.5 million, which will remain subject to adjustment in accordance with the terms and conditions of the February 2015 APA.
 
Norfolk, Fredericksburg and Staunton, Virginia; and Elizabeth City, North Carolina Territory Acquisitions
 
On September 23, 2015, the Company and CCR entered into the September 2015 APA related, in part, to the territory served by CCR through CCR’s facilities and equipment located in Norfolk, Fredericksburg and Staunton, Virginia, and Elizabeth City, North Carolina (the “October 2015 Expansion Territory”). The closing of this transaction occurred on October 30, 2015, for a cash purchase price of $26.7 million, which includes all post-closing adjustments.
 
Annapolis, Maryland Make-Ready Center Acquisition
 
As a part of the Expansion Transactions, on October 30, 2015, the Company acquired from CCR a “make-ready center” in Annapolis, Maryland (the “Annapolis MRC”) for a cash purchase price of $5.4 million, which includes all post-closing adjustments. The Company recorded a bargain purchase gain of approximately $2.0 million on this transaction after applying a deferred tax liability of approximately $1.3 million. The Company uses the make-ready center to deploy and refurbish vending and other sales equipment for use in the marketplace.
 
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The fair value of acquired assets and assumed liabilities, which for the May 2015 Expansion Territory remains subject to adjustment in accordance with the terms and conditions of the February 2015 APA, of the 2015 Expansion Territories and the Annapolis MRC as of the acquisition dates is summarized as follows:
 
(in thousands)	 	January 2015
Expansion
Territory	 	 	February 2015
Expansion
Territory	 	 	May 2015
Expansion
Territory	 	 	October 2015
Expansion
Territory	 	 	Annapolis MRC	 	 	Total 2015
Expansion
Territories	 	
Cash	 	$	59	 	 	$	105	 	 	$	45	 	 	$	160	 	 	$	-	 	 	$	369	 	
Inventories	 	 	1,238	 	 	 	1,268	 	 	 	1,045	 	 	 	2,563	 	 	 	109	 	 	 	6,223	 	
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	 	 	714	 	 	 	1,108	 	 	 	224	 	 	 	1,306	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	3,352	 	
Accounts receivable from The Coca-Cola Company	 	 	322	 	 	 	740	 	 	 	294	 	 	 	824	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	2,180	 	
Property, plant and equipment	 	 	6,291	 	 	 	15,656	 	 	 	6,210	 	 	 	24,832	 	 	 	8,492	 	 	 	61,481	 	
Other assets (including deferred taxes)	 	 	336	 	 	 	1,352	 	 	 	494	 	 	 	4,392	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	6,574	 	
Goodwill	 	 	1,388	 	 	 	1,520	 	 	 	1,027	 	 	 	6,723	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	10,658	 	
Other identifiable intangible assets	 	 	12,950	 	 	 	20,350	 	 	 	1,700	 	 	 	49,100	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	84,100	 	
Total acquired assets	 	$	23,298	 	 	$	42,099	 	 	$	11,039	 	 	$	89,900	 	 	$	8,601	 	 	$	174,937	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Current liabilities (acquisition related contingent consideration)	 	$	843	 	 	$	1,659	 	 	$	281	 	 	$	547	 	 	$	-	 	 	$	3,330	 	
Other current liabilities	 	 	125	 	 	 	974	 	 	 	494	 	 	 	4,222	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	5,815	 	
Other liabilities	 	 	-	 	 	 	823	 	 	 	10	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	1,265	 	 	 	2,098	 	
Other liabilities (acquisition related contingent consideration)	 	 	9,131	 	 	 	20,625	 	 	 	2,748	 	 	 	58,925	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	91,429	 	
Total assumed liabilities	 	$	10,099	 	 	$	24,081	 	 	$	3,533	 	 	$	63,694	 	 	$	1,265	 	 	$	102,672	 	
 
The fair value of the acquired identifiable intangible assets of the 2015 Expansion Territories as of the acquisition dates is as follows:
 
(in thousands)	 	January 2015
Expansion
Territory	 	 	February 2015
Expansion
Territory	 	 	May 2015
Expansion
Territory	 	 	October 2015
Expansion
Territory	 	 	Total 2015
Expansion
Territories	 	 	Estimated
Useful Lives	
Distribution agreements	 	$	12,400	 	 	$	19,200	 	 	$	1,500	 	 	$	47,900	 	 	$	81,000	 	 	40 years	
Customer lists	 	 	550	 	 	 	1,150	 	 	 	200	 	 	 	1,200	 	 	 	3,100	 	 	12 years	
Total acquired identifiable intangible assets	 	$	12,950	 	 	$	20,350	 	 	$	1,700	 	 	$	49,100	 	 	$	84,100	 	 	 	
 
The goodwill of $1.4 million, $1.5 million, $1.0 million and $6.7 million for the January 2015 Expansion Territory, February 2015 Expansion Territory, May 2015 Expansion Territory and October 2015 Expansion Territory, respectively, is all included in the Nonalcoholic Beverages segment and is primarily attributed to the workforce acquired. Goodwill of $1.1 million, $0.2 million and $0.2 million is expected to be deductible for tax purposes for the January 2015 Expansion Territory, May 2015 Expansion Territory and October 2015 Expansion Territory, respectively. No goodwill is expected to be deductible for tax purposes for the February 2015 Expansion Territory.
 
2015 Asset Exchange Agreement
 
On October 17, 2014, the Company and CCR entered into an agreement (the “Asset Exchange Agreement”) pursuant to which CCR agreed to exchange certain assets of CCR relating to the marketing, promotion, distribution and sale of Coca‑Cola and other beverage products in the territory served by CCR’s facilities and equipment located in Lexington, Kentucky (the “Lexington Expansion Territory”), including the rights to produce such beverages in the Lexington Expansion Territory, in exchange for certain assets of the Company relating to the marketing, promotion, distribution and sale of Coca‑Cola and other beverage products in the territory served by the Company’s facilities and equipment located in Jackson, Tennessee, including the rights to produce such beverages in that territory (the “Asset Exchange Transaction”). The Company and CCR closed the Asset Exchange Transaction on May 1, 2015. The net assets received by the Company in the exchange, after deducting the value of certain retained assets and retained liabilities, was approximately $15.3 million.
 
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The fair value of acquired assets and assumed liabilities related to the Lexington Expansion Territory as of the exchange date are summarized as follows:
 
 	 	Lexington	 	
 	 	Expansion	 	
(in thousands)	 	Territory	 	
Cash	 	$	56	 	
Inventories	 	 	2,231	 	
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	 	 	345	 	
Accounts receivable from The Coca-Cola Company	 	 	362	 	
Property, plant and equipment	 	 	12,216	 	
Other assets	 	 	48	 	
Franchise rights	 	 	23,700	 	
Goodwill	 	 	1,856	 	
Other identifiable intangible assets	 	 	1,100	 	
Total acquired assets	 	$	41,914	 	
 	 	 	 	 	
Current liabilities	 	$	926	 	
 
The fair value of the acquired identifiable intangible assets is as follows:
 
 	 	Lexington	 	 	 	
 	 	Expansion	 	 	Estimated	
(in thousands)	 	Territory	 	 	Useful Lives	
Franchise rights	 	$	23,700	 	 	Indefinite	
Distribution agreements	 	 	300	 	 	40 years	
Customer lists	 	 	800	 	 	12 years	
Total acquired identifiable intangible assets	 	$	24,800	 	 	 	
 
The goodwill of $1.9 million related to the Lexington Expansion Territory, which is included in the Nonalcoholic Beverages segment, is primarily attributed to the workforce of the territories and is expected to be deductible for tax purposes.
 
During the second quarter of 2016, the net assets received in the Asset Exchange Transaction, after deducting the value of certain retained assets and retained liabilities, increased by $4.2 million as a result of completing the post-closing adjustment under the Asset Exchange Agreement. In addition, the gain on the exchange was reduced by $0.7 million during the second quarter of 2016.
 
The carrying value of assets exchanged related to the Jackson, Tennessee territory exchanged in the Asset Exchange Transaction was $17.5 million, resulting in a gain on the exchange of $8.8 million in the second quarter of 2015.
 
The amount of goodwill and franchise rights allocated to the Jackson, Tennessee territory was determined using a relative fair value approach comparing the fair value of the Jackson, Tennessee territory to the fair value of the overall Nonalcoholic Beverages reporting unit.
 
2016 Expansion Transactions
 
During 2016, the Company acquired distribution rights and related assets for the following territories: Easton, Salisbury, Capitol Heights, La Plata, Baltimore, Hagerstown and Cumberland, Maryland; Richmond, Yorktown and Alexandria, Virginia; Cincinnati, Dayton, Lima and Portsmouth, Ohio; and Louisa, Kentucky. The Company also acquired the Regional Manufacturing Facilities and related Manufacturing Assets in Sandston, Virginia; Silver Spring and Baltimore, Maryland; and Cincinnati, Ohio during 2016. Collectively, these are the “2016 Expansion Transactions.” The details of the 2016 Expansion Transactions are included below.
 
Easton and Salisbury, Maryland and Richmond and Yorktown, Virginia Territory Acquisitions and Sandston, Virginia Regional Manufacturing Facility Acquisition
 
The September 2015 APA contemplated, in part, the Company’s acquisition of distribution rights and related assets in the territory served by CCR through CCR’s facilities and equipment located in Easton and Salisbury, Maryland and Richmond and Yorktown, Virginia and the October 2015 APA contemplated, in part, the Company’s acquisition of the Regional Manufacturing Facility and
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related Manufacturing Assets in Sandston, Virginia (the “January 2016 Expansion Transactions”). The closing of the January 2016 Expansion Transactions occurred on January 29, 2016, for a cash purchase price of $65.7 million, which will remain subject to adjustment in accordance with the terms and conditions of the September 2015 APA and October 2015 APA.
 
Alexandria, Virginia and Capitol Heights and La Plata, Maryland Territory Acquisitions
 
The September 2015 APA also contemplated the Company’s acquisition of distribution rights and related assets in the territory served by CCR through CCR’s facilities and equipment located in Alexandria, Virginia and Capitol Heights and La Plata, Maryland (the “April 1, 2016 Expansion Transaction”). The closing of the April 1, 2016 Expansion Transaction occurred on April 1, 2016, for a cash purchase price of $35.6 million, which will remain subject to adjustment in accordance with the terms and conditions of the September 2015 APA.
 
Baltimore, Hagerstown and Cumberland, Maryland Territory Acquisitions and Silver Spring and Baltimore, Maryland Regional Manufacturing Facilities Acquisitions
 
On April 29, 2016, the Company completed the remaining transactions contemplated by (i) the September 2015 APA, by acquiring distribution rights and related assets in Expansion Territories served by CCR through CCR’s facilities and equipment located in Baltimore, Hagerstown and Cumberland, Maryland, and (ii) the October 2015 APA, by acquiring the Regional Manufacturing Facilities and related Manufacturing Assets in Silver Spring and Baltimore, Maryland (the “April 29, 2016 Expansion Transactions”). The closing of the April 29, 2016 Expansion Transactions occurred for a cash purchase price of $69.0 million, which will remain subject to adjustment in accordance with the terms and conditions of the September 2015 APA and October 2015 APA.
 
Cincinnati, Dayton, Lima and Portsmouth, Ohio and Louisa, Kentucky Territory Acquisitions and Cincinnati, Ohio Regional Manufacturing Facility Acquisition
 
On October 28, 2016, the Company completed the initial transactions contemplated by (i) the September 2016 Distribution APA, by acquiring distribution rights and related assets in the Expansion Territories served by CCR through CCR’s facilities and equipment located in Cincinnati, Dayton, Lima and Portsmouth, Ohio and Louisa, Kentucky, and (ii) the September 2016 Manufacturing APA, by acquiring the Regional Manufacturing Facility and related manufacturing assets located in Cincinnati, Ohio (the “October 2016 Expansion Transactions”). The closing of the October 2016 Expansion Transactions occurred for a cash purchase price of $98.2 million, which will remain subject to adjustment in accordance with the terms and conditions of the September 2016 Distribution APA and the September 2016 Manufacturing APA.
 
The fair value of acquired assets and assumed liabilities of the 2016 Expansion Transactions as of the acquisition dates is summarized as follows:
 
(in thousands)	 	January 2016
Expansion
Transactions	 	 	April 1, 2016
Expansion
Transaction	 	 	April 29, 2016
Expansion
Transactions	 	 	October 2016
Expansion
Transactions	 	 	Total 2016
Expansion
Transactions	 	
Cash	 	$	179	 	 	$	219	 	 	$	161	 	 	$	150	 	 	$	709	 	
Inventories	 	 	10,159	 	 	 	3,748	 	 	 	13,850	 	 	 	18,513	 	 	 	46,270	 	
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	 	 	2,775	 	 	 	1,945	 	 	 	3,774	 	 	 	4,181	 	 	 	12,675	 	
Accounts receivable from The Coca-Cola Company	 	 	1,135	 	 	 	1,176	 	 	 	1,140	 	 	 	1,253	 	 	 	4,704	 	
Property, plant and equipment	 	 	46,149	 	 	 	54,135	 	 	 	58,679	 	 	 	68,130	 	 	 	227,093	 	
Other assets (including deferred taxes)	 	 	2,351	 	 	 	1,536	 	 	 	5,146	 	 	 	666	 	 	 	9,699	 	
Goodwill	 	 	9,388	 	 	 	1,956	 	 	 	7,795	 	 	 	7,133	 	 	 	26,272	 	
Other identifiable intangible assets	 	 	1,300	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	23,450	 	 	 	66,500	 	 	 	91,250	 	
Total acquired assets	 	$	73,436	 	 	$	64,715	 	 	$	113,995	 	 	$	166,526	 	 	$	418,672	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Current liabilities (acquisition related contingent consideration)	 	$	361	 	 	$	742	 	 	$	1,307	 	 	$	3,318	 	 	$	5,728	 	
Other current liabilities	 	 	591	 	 	 	4,231	 	 	 	5,482	 	 	 	7,165	 	 	 	17,469	 	
Accounts payable to The Coca-Cola Company	 	 	650	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	650	 	
Other liabilities	 	 	-	 	 	 	266	 	 	 	2,635	 	 	 	761	 	 	 	3,662	 	
Other liabilities (acquisition related contingent consideration)	 	 	6,144	 	 	 	23,924	 	 	 	35,561	 	 	 	57,066	 	 	 	122,695	 	
Total assumed liabilities	 	$	7,746	 	 	$	29,163	 	 	$	44,985	 	 	$	68,310	 	 	$	150,204	 	
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The fair value of the acquired identifiable intangible assets as of the acquisition dates is as follows:
 
(in thousands)	 	January 2016
Expansion
Transactions	 	 	April 29, 2016
Expansion
Transactions	 	 	October 2016
Expansion
Transactions	 	 	Total 2016
Expansion
Transactions	 	 	Estimated
Useful Lives	
Distribution agreements	 	$	750	 	 	$	22,000	 	 	$	63,900	 	 	$	86,650	 	 	40 years	
Customer lists	 	 	550	 	 	 	1,450	 	 	 	2,600	 	 	 	4,600	 	 	12 years	
Total acquired identifiable intangible assets	 	$	1,300	 	 	$	23,450	 	 	$	66,500	 	 	$	91,250	 	 	 	
 
The goodwill of $9.4 million, $2.0 million, $7.8 million and $7.1 million for the January 2016 Expansion Transactions, April 1, 2016 Expansion Transaction, April 29, 2016 Expansion Transactions and October 2016 Expansion Transactions, respectively, is all included in the Nonalcoholic Beverages segment and is primarily attributed to operational synergies and the workforce acquired. Goodwill of $5.9 million and $13.1 million is expected to be deductible for tax purposes for the January 2016 Expansion Transactions and October 2016 Expansion Transactions, respectively. No goodwill is expected to be deductible for the April 1, 2016 Expansion Transaction or the April 29, 2016 Expansion Transactions.
 
The Company has preliminarily allocated the purchase price of the May 2015 Expansion Territory and the 2016 Expansion Transactions to the individual acquired assets and assumed liabilities. The valuations are subject to adjustment as additional information is obtained.
 
The anticipated range of amounts the Company could pay annually under the acquisition related contingent consideration arrangements for the Expansion Transactions is between $14 million and $25 million.
 
Expansion Transactions Financial Results
 
The financial results of the 2016 Expansion Transactions, the 2015 Expansion Territories, the 2015 Asset Exchange and the 2014 Expansion Territories have been included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements from their respective acquisition or exchange dates. These territories contributed the following amounts to the Company’s consolidated statement of operations:
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
(in thousands)	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	
Net sales from 2014 Expansion Territories	 	$	161,482	 	 	$	158,393	 	 	$	45,120	 	
Net sales from 2015 Expansion Territories & 2015 Asset Exchange	 	 	469,440	 	 	 	278,691	 	 	 	-	 	
Net sales from 2016 Expansion Transactions	 	 	592,329	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	
Total expansion transactions impact to net sales	 	$	1,223,251	 	 	$	437,084	 	 	$	45,120	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Operating income from 2014 Expansion Territories	 	$	4,933	 	 	$	3,553	 	 	$	3,417	 	
Operating income from 2015 Expansion Territories & 2015 Asset Exchange	 	 	1,907	 	 	 	3,364	 	 	 	-	 	
Operating income from 2016 Expansion Transactions	 	 	22,373	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	
Total expansion transactions impact to operating income	 	$	29,213	 	 	$	6,917	 	 	$	3,417	 	
 
The Company incurred $6.1 million, $5.8 million and $5.3 million in transaction related expenses for the Expansion Transactions in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. These expenses are included within Selling, delivery and administrative expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
 
2016 Expansion Transactions and 2015 Expansion Territories Pro Forma Financial Information
 
The purpose of the pro forma is to present the net sales and the income from operations of the combined entity as though the current year acquisitions had occurred as of the beginning of each period presented. The pro forma combined net sales and income from operations do not necessarily reflect what the combined Company’s net sales and income from operations would have been had the acquisitions occurred at the beginning of each period presented. The pro forma financial information also may not be useful in predicting the future financial results of the combined company. The actual results may differ significantly from the pro forma amounts reflected herein due to a variety of factors.
 
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The following table represents the unaudited pro forma net sales for the Company for the 2016 Expansion Transactions and the 2015 Expansion Territories.
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
(in thousands)	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	
Net sales as reported	 	$	3,156,428	 	 	$	2,306,458	 	
Pro forma adjustments (unaudited)	 	 	441,642	 	 	 	1,026,245	 	
Net sales pro forma (unaudited)	 	$	3,598,070	 	 	$	3,332,703	 	
 
The following table represents the unaudited pro forma income from operations for the Company for the 2016 Expansion Transactions. The income from operations for the 2015 Expansion Territories are not presented as these are considered impracticable for disclosure.
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
(in thousands)	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	
Income from operations as reported	 	$	127,859	 	 	$	98,144	 	
Pro forma adjustments (unaudited)	 	 	27,263	 	 	 	39,178	 	
Income from operations pro forma (unaudited)	 	$	155,122	 	 	$	137,322	 	
 
Glacéau Distribution Termination Agreement
 
On June 29, 2016, the Company entered into an agreement with The Coca‑Cola Company and CCR which authorizes the Company to market, promote, distribute and sell glacéau vitaminwater, glacéau smartwater and glacéau vitaminwater zero drops in certain geographic territories including the District of Columbia and portions of Delaware, Maryland and Virginia, beginning on January 1, 2017.
 
Pursuant to the agreement, the Company made a payment to The Coca‑Cola Company of $15.6 million on February 16, 2017, which was recorded in Accounts payable to The Coca‑Cola Company as of January 1, 2017, and represented a portion of the total payment made by The Coca‑Cola Company to terminate a distribution arrangement with a prior distributor in this territory. Additionally, the Company recorded a $5.4 million acquisition related contingent consideration in Other liabilities related to this agreement. The total of $21.0 million, which represents the Company’s rights to market, promote, distribute and sell glacéau products in certain geographic territories, was recorded as a Distribution agreement intangible asset as of January 1, 2017.
 
Sale of BYB Brands, Inc.
 
On August 24, 2015, the Company sold BYB Brands, Inc. (“BYB”), a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company to The Coca‑Cola Company. Pursuant to the stock purchase agreement dated July 22, 2015, the Company sold all issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of BYB for a cash purchase price of $26.4 million. As a result of the sale, the Company recognized a gain of $22.7 million, which was recorded to Gain on sale of business in the consolidated financial statements in 2015. BYB contributed the following amounts to the Company’s consolidated statement of operations:
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
(in thousands)	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	
Net sales	 	$	23,875	 	 	$	34,089	 	
Operating income (loss)	 	 	1,809	 	 	 	(357	)	
 
4.	Inventories	
 
Inventories consisted of the following:
 
(in thousands)	 	January 1, 2017	 	 	January 3, 2016	 	
Finished products	 	$	90,259	 	 	$	56,252	 	
Manufacturing materials	 	 	23,196	 	 	 	12,277	 	
Plastic shells, plastic pallets and other inventories	 	 	30,098	 	 	 	20,935	 	
Total inventories	 	$	143,553	 	 	$	89,464	 	
 
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The growth in the inventory balances at January 1, 2017, as compared to January 3, 2016, is primarily a result of inventory acquired through the acquisitions of the Expansion Territories in 2016.
 
5.	Property, Plant and Equipment	
 
The principal categories and estimated useful lives of property, plant and equipment were as follows:
 
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	Estimated	
(in thousands)	 	January 1, 2017	 	 	January 3, 2016	 	 	Useful Lives	
Land	 	$	68,541	 	 	$	24,731	 	 	 	
Buildings	 	 	201,247	 	 	 	134,496	 	 	8-50 years	
Machinery and equipment	 	 	229,119	 	 	 	165,733	 	 	5-20 years	
Transportation equipment	 	 	316,929	 	 	 	251,712	 	 	4-20 years	
Furniture and fixtures	 	 	78,219	 	 	 	59,500	 	 	3-10 years	
Cold drink dispensing equipment	 	 	484,771	 	 	 	398,867	 	 	5-17 years	
Leasehold and land improvements	 	 	112,393	 	 	 	94,208	 	 	5-20 years	
Software for internal use	 	 	105,405	 	 	 	97,760	 	 	3-10 years	
Construction in progress	 	 	14,818	 	 	 	24,632	 	 	 	
Total property, plant and equipment, at cost	 	 	1,611,442	 	 	 	1,251,639	 	 	 	
Less:  Accumulated depreciation and amortization	 	 	798,453	 	 	 	725,819	 	 	 	
Property, plant and equipment, net	 	$	812,989	 	 	$	525,820	 	 	 	
 
Depreciation and amortization expense was $111.6 million, $78.1 million and $60.4 million in 2016, 2015, and 2014, respectively. These amounts included amortization expense for leased property under capital leases.
 
During 2016, 2015, and 2014, the Company performed periodic reviews of property, plant and equipment and determined no material impairment existed.
 
6.	Leased Property Under Capital Leases	
 
Leased property under capital leases consisted of the following:
 
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	Estimated	
(in thousands)	 	January 1, 2017	 	 	January 3, 2016	 	 	Useful Lives	
Leased property under capital leases	 	$	94,125	 	 	$	98,001	 	 	3-20 years	
Less:  Accumulated amortization	 	 	60,573	 	 	 	57,856	 	 	 	
Leased property under capital leases, net	 	$	33,552	 	 	$	40,145	 	 	 	
 
As of January 1, 2017, real estate represented all of the leased property under capital leases, net and $19.4 million of this real estate is leased from related parties as discussed in Note 19 to the consolidated financial statements. The Company’s outstanding lease obligations for capital leases were $48.7 million as of January 1, 2017 and $55.8 million as of January 3, 2016.
 
7.	Franchise Rights and Goodwill	
 
A reconciliation of the activity for franchise rights and goodwill for 2016 and 2015 follows:
 
(in thousands)	 	Franchise rights	 	 	Goodwill	 	 	Total	 	
Balance on December 28, 2014	 	$	520,672	 	 	$	106,220	 	 	$	626,892	 	
2015 Expansion Territories	 	 	-	 	 	 	10,319	 	 	 	10,319	 	
Asset Exchange Transaction	 	 	6,868	 	 	 	316	 	 	 	7,184	 	
Measurement period adjustment	 	 	-	 	 	 	1,099	 	 	 	1,099	 	
Balance on January 3, 2016	 	$	527,540	 	 	$	117,954	 	 	$	645,494	 	
2016 Expansion Transactions	 	 	-	 	 	 	26,272	 	 	 	26,272	 	
Asset Exchange Transaction	 	 	5,500	 	 	 	(682	)	 	 	4,818	 	
Measurement period adjustment	 	 	-	 	 	 	1,042	 	 	 	1,042	 	
Balance on January 1, 2017	 	$	533,040	 	 	$	144,586	 	 	$	677,626	 	
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The Company’s goodwill resides entirely within the Nonalcoholic Beverages segment. The Company performed its annual impairment test of franchise rights and goodwill as of the first day of the fourth quarter of 2016, 2015 and 2014 and determined there was no impairment of the carrying value of these assets.
 
8.	Other Identifiable Intangible Assets	
 
Other identifiable intangible assets consisted of the following:
 
 	 	January 1, 2017	 	 	 	
(in thousands)	 	Cost	 	 	Accumulated Amortization	 	 	Total, net	 	 	Estimated
Useful Lives	
Distribution agreements	 	$	242,486	 	 	$	7,498	 	 	$	234,988	 	 	20-40 years	
Customer lists and other identifiable intangible assets	 	 	15,938	 	 	 	5,511	 	 	 	10,427	 	 	12-20 years	
Total other identifiable intangible assets	 	$	258,424	 	 	$	13,009	 	 	$	245,415	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	January 3, 2016	 	 	 	
(in thousands)	 	Cost	 	 	Accumulated Amortization	 	 	Total, net	 	 	Estimated
Useful Lives	
Distribution agreements	 	$	133,109	 	 	$	3,323	 	 	$	129,786	 	 	20-40 years	
Customer lists and other identifiable intangible assets	 	 	11,338	 	 	 	4,676	 	 	 	6,662	 	 	12-20 years	
Total other identifiable intangible assets	 	$	144,447	 	 	$	7,999	 	 	$	136,448	 	 	 	
 
A reconciliation of the activity for other identifiable intangible assets for 2016 and 2015 follows:
 
(in thousands)	 	Distribution Agreements	 	 	Customer Lists and
Other Identifiable
Intangible Assets	 	 	Total Other
Identifiable
Intangible Assets	 	
Balance on December 28, 2014	 	$	53,841	 	 	$	3,307	 	 	$	57,148	 	
2015 Expansion Territories	 	 	81,000	 	 	 	3,100	 	 	 	84,100	 	
Asset Exchange Transaction	 	 	200	 	 	 	800	 	 	 	1,000	 	
Measurement period adjustment	 	 	(3,000	)	 	 	-	 	 	 	(3,000	)	
Accumulated amortization	 	 	(2,255	)	 	 	(545	)	 	 	(2,800	)	
Balance on January 3, 2016	 	$	129,786	 	 	$	6,662	 	 	$	136,448	 	
2016 Expansion Transactions	 	 	86,650	 	 	 	4,600	 	 	 	91,250	 	
Glacéau Distribution Agreement	 	 	21,032	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	21,032	 	
Measurement period adjustment and other distribution agreements	 	 	1,695	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	1,695	 	
Accumulated amortization	 	 	(4,175	)	 	 	(835	)	 	 	(5,010	)	
Balance on January 1, 2017	 	$	234,988	 	 	$	10,427	 	 	$	245,415	 	
 
Other identifiable intangible assets are amortized on a straight line basis. Amortization expense related to other identifiable intangible assets was $5.0 million, $2.8 million and $0.7 million for 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Assuming no impairment of these other identifiable intangible assets, amortization expense in future years based upon recorded amounts as of January 1, 2017 will be $7.2 million each year for 2017 through 2021.
 
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9.	Other Accrued Liabilities	
 
Other accrued liabilities consisted of the following:
 
(in thousands)	 	January 1, 2017	 	 	January 3, 2016	 	
Accrued insurance costs	 	$	28,248	 	 	$	24,353	 	
Accrued marketing costs	 	 	24,714	 	 	 	24,959	 	
Employee and retiree benefit plan accruals	 	 	23,858	 	 	 	19,155	 	
Checks and transfers yet to be presented for payment from zero balance cash accounts	 	 	19,326	 	 	 	8,980	 	
Current portion of acquisition related contingent consideration	 	 	15,782	 	 	 	7,902	 	
Commodity hedges mark-to-market accrual	 	 	-	 	 	 	3,442	 	
Accrued taxes, other than income taxes	 	 	2,836	 	 	 	1,721	 	
All other accrued expenses	 	 	19,121	 	 	 	13,656	 	
Total other accrued liabilities	 	$	133,885	 	 	$	104,168	 	
 
10.	Debt	
 
Following is a summary of the Company’s debt:
 
(in thousands)	 	Maturity	 	Interest Rate	 	 	Interest Paid	 	January 1, 2017	 	 	January 3, 2016	 	
Revolving credit facility	 	2019	 	Variable	 	 	Varies	 	$	152,000	 	 	$	-	 	
Senior Notes	 	2016	 	 	5.00%	 	 	Semi-annually	 	 	-	 	 	 	164,757	 	
Senior Notes	 	2019	 	 	7.00%	 	 	Semi-annually	 	 	110,000	 	 	 	110,000	 	
Senior Notes	 	2025	 	 	3.80%	 	 	Semi-annually	 	 	350,000	 	 	 	350,000	 	
Term Loan	 	2021	 	Variable	 	 	Varies	 	 	300,000	 	 	 	-	 	
Unamortized discount on Senior Notes*	 	2019	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	(570	)	 	 	(792	)	
Unamortized discount on Senior Notes*	 	2025	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	(78	)	 	 	(86	)	
Debt issuance costs	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	(4,098	)	 	 	(4,251	)	
Total debt	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	907,254	 	 	 	619,628	 	
Less:  Current portion of debt	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	
Long-term debt	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	$	907,254	 	 	$	619,628	 	
 
*	NOTE: The Senior Notes due 2019 were issued at 98.238% of par and the Senior Notes due 2025 were issued at 99.975% of par.	
 
The principal maturities of debt outstanding on January 1, 2017 were as follows:
 
(in thousands)	 	Debt Maturities	 	
2017	 	$	-	 	
2018	 	 	15,000	 	
2019	 	 	292,000	 	
2020	 	 	37,500	 	
2021	 	 	217,500	 	
Thereafter	 	 	350,000	 	
Total debt	 	$	912,000	 	
 
The Company had capital lease obligations of $48.7 million as of January 1, 2017 and $55.8 million as of January 3, 2016. The Company mitigates its financing risk by using multiple financial institutions and only entering into credit arrangements with institutions with investment grade credit ratings. The Company monitors counterparty credit ratings on an ongoing basis.
 
In October 2014, the Company entered into a five-year unsecured revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”), and in April 2015, the Company exercised an accordion feature which established a $450 million aggregate maximum borrowing capacity on the Revolving Credit Facility. The $450 million borrowing capacity includes up to $50 million available for the issuance of letters of credit. Borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility bear interest at a floating base rate or a floating Eurodollar rate plus an applicable margin, dependent on the Company’s credit rating at the time of borrowing. At the Company’s current credit ratings, the Company must pay an annual facility fee of 0.15% of the lenders’ aggregate commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility. The Revolving Credit Facility has a scheduled maturity date of October 16, 2019.
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In June 2016, the Company entered into a five-year term loan agreement for a senior unsecured term loan facility (the “Term Loan Facility”) in the aggregate principal amount of $300 million, maturing June 7, 2021. The Company may request additional term loans under the agreement, provided the Company’s aggregate borrowings under the Term Loan Facility do not exceed $500 million. Borrowings under the Term Loan Facility bear interest at a floating base rate or a floating Eurodollar rate plus an applicable margin, dependent on the Company’s credit rating, at the Company’s option. The Company used $210 million of the proceeds from the Term Loan Facility to repay outstanding indebtedness under the Revolving Credit Facility. The Company then used the remaining proceeds, as well as borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility, to repay the $164.8 million of Senior Notes that matured on June 15, 2016.
 
Both the Revolving Credit Facility and the Term Loan Facility include two financial covenants: a consolidated cash flow/fixed charges ratio and a consolidated funded indebtedness/cash flow ratio, each as defined in the respective agreements. The Company was in compliance with these covenants as of January 1, 2017. These covenants do not currently, and the Company does not anticipate they will, restrict its liquidity or capital resources.
 
The indentures under which the Company’s public debt was issued do not include financial covenants but do limit the incurrence of certain liens and encumbrances as well as the indebtedness by the Company’s subsidiaries in excess of certain amounts.
 
All outstanding long-term debt has been issued by the Company and none has been issued by any of its subsidiaries. There are no guarantees of the Company’s debt.
 
11.	Derivative Financial Instruments	
 
The Company is subject to the risk of increased costs arising from adverse changes in certain commodity prices. In the normal course of business, the Company manages these risks through a variety of strategies, including the use of derivative instruments. The Company does not use derivative instruments for trading or speculative purposes. All derivative instruments are recorded at fair value as either assets or liabilities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. These derivative instruments are not designated as hedging instruments under GAAP and are used as “economic hedges” to manage certain commodity price risk. Derivative instruments held are marked to market on a monthly basis and recognized in earnings consistent with the expense classification of the underlying hedged item. Settlements of derivative agreements are included in cash flows from operating activities on the Company’s consolidated statements of cash flows.
 
The Company uses several different financial institutions for commodity derivative instruments to minimize the concentration of credit risk. While the Company is exposed to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by these counterparties, the Company does not anticipate nonperformance by these parties.
 
The following summarizes pre-tax changes in the fair value of the Company’s commodity derivative financial instruments and the classification of such changes in the consolidated statements of operations.
 
 	 	 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
(in thousands)	 	Classification of Gain (Loss)	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	
Commodity hedges	 	Cost of sales	 	$	2,896	 	 	$	(2,354	)	 	$	-	 	
Commodity hedges	 	Selling, delivery and administrative expenses	 	 	1,832	 	 	 	(1,085	)	 	 	-	 	
Total gain (loss)	 	 	 	$	4,728	 	 	$	(3,439	)	 	$	-	 	
 
The following table summarizes the fair values and classification in the consolidated balance sheets of derivative instruments held by the Company.
 
(in thousands)	 	Balance Sheet Classification	 	January 1, 2017	 	 	January 3, 2016	 	
Assets:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Commodity hedges at fair market value	 	Prepaid expenses and other current assets	 	$	1,289	 	 	$	-	 	
Commodity hedges at fair market value	 	Other assets	 	 	-	 	 	 	3	 	
Total assets	 	 	 	$	1,289	 	 	$	3	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Liabilities:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Commodity hedges at fair market value	 	Other liabilities	 	$	-	 	 	$	3,442	 	
Total liabilities	 	 	 	$	-	 	 	$	3,442	 	
 
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The Company has master agreements with the counterparties to its derivative financial agreements that provide for net settlement of derivative transactions. Accordingly, the net amounts of derivative assets are recognized in either prepaid expenses and other current assets or other assets in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet and the net amounts of derivative liabilities are recognized in other accrued liabilities or other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets. The following table summarizes the Company’s gross derivative assets and gross derivative liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets:
 
(in thousands)	 	January 1, 2017	 	 	January 3, 2016	 	
Gross derivative assets	 	$	1,297	 	 	$	222	 	
Gross derivative liabilities	 	 	8	 	 	 	3,661	 	
 
The following table summarizes the Company’s outstanding commodity derivative agreements:
 
(in thousands)	 	January 1, 2017	 	 	January 3, 2016	 	
Notional amount of outstanding commodity derivative agreements	 	$	13,146	 	 	$	64,884	 	
Latest maturity date of outstanding commodity derivative agreements	 	December 2017	 	 	December 2017	 	
 
12.	Fair Values of Financial Instruments	
 
GAAP requires assets and liabilities carried at fair value to be classified and disclosed in one of the following categories:
 
 	•	Level 1:  Quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.	

 	•	Level 2:  Observable market based inputs or unobservable inputs that are corroborated by market data.	

 	•	Level 3:  Unobservable inputs that are not corroborated by market data.	
 
The following methods and assumptions were used by the Company in estimating the fair values of its financial instruments. There were no transfers of assets or liabilities between Levels in any period presented.
 
Financial Instrument	 	Fair Value Level	 	Method and Assumptions	
Deferred compensation plan assets and liabilities	 	Level 1	 	The fair values of the Company's non-qualified deferred compensation plan for certain executives and other highly compensated employees has associated assets and liabilities, which are held in mutual funds and are based on the quoted market value of the securities held within the mutual funds.	
Commodity hedging agreements	 	Level 2	 	The fair values for the Company’s commodity hedging agreements are based on current settlement values at each balance sheet date. The fair values of the commodity hedging agreements at each balance sheet date represent the estimated amounts the Company would have received or paid upon termination of these agreements. Credit risk related to the derivative financial instruments is managed by requiring high standards for its counterparties and periodic settlements. The Company considers nonperformance risk in determining the fair value of derivative financial instruments.	
Public debt securities	 	Level 2	 	The fair values of the Company’s public debt securities are based on estimated current market prices.	
Non-public variable rate debt	 	Level 2	 	The carrying amounts of the Company’s variable rate borrowings approximate their fair values due to variable interest rates with short reset periods.	
Acquisition related contingent consideration	 	Level 3	 	The fair values of acquisition related contingent consideration are based on internal forecasts and the weighted average cost of capital (“WACC”) derived from market data.	
 
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The following tables summarize, by assets and liabilities, the carrying amounts and fair values by level of the Company’s deferred compensation plan, commodity hedging agreements, debt and acquisition related contingent consideration.
 
 	 	January 1, 2017	 	
 	 	Carrying	 	 	Total	 	 	Fair Value	 	 	Fair Value	 	 	Fair Value	 	
(in thousands)	 	Amount	 	 	Fair Value	 	 	Level 1	 	 	Level 2	 	 	Level 3	 	
Assets:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Deferred compensation plan assets	 	$	24,903	 	 	$	24,903	 	 	$	24,903	 	 	$	-	 	 	$	-	 	
Commodity hedging agreements	 	 	1,289	 	 	 	1,289	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	1,289	 	 	 	-	 	
Liabilities:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Deferred compensation plan liabilities	 	 	24,903	 	 	 	24,903	 	 	 	24,903	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	
Public debt securities	 	 	456,032	 	 	 	475,800	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	475,800	 	 	 	-	 	
Non-public variable rate debt	 	 	451,222	 	 	 	452,000	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	452,000	 	 	 	-	 	
Acquisition related contingent consideration	 	 	253,437	 	 	 	253,437	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	253,437	 	
 
 	 	January 3, 2016	 	
 	 	Carrying	 	 	Total	 	 	Fair Value	 	 	Fair Value	 	 	Fair Value	 	
(in thousands)	 	Amount	 	 	Fair Value	 	 	Level 1	 	 	Level 2	 	 	Level 3	 	
Assets:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Deferred compensation plan assets	 	$	20,755	 	 	$	20,755	 	 	$	20,755	 	 	$	-	 	 	$	-	 	
Commodity hedging agreements	 	 	3	 	 	 	3	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	3	 	 	 	-	 	
Liabilities:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Deferred compensation plan liabilities	 	 	20,755	 	 	 	20,755	 	 	 	20,755	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	
Commodity hedging agreements	 	 	3,442	 	 	 	3,442	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	3,442	 	 	 	-	 	
Public debt securities	 	 	619,628	 	 	 	645,400	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	645,400	 	 	 	-	 	
Acquisition related contingent consideration	 	 	136,570	 	 	 	136,570	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	136,570	 	
 
Under the CBAs the Company entered into in 2016, 2015 and 2014, the Company will make a quarterly sub-bottling payment to CCR on a continuing basis for the grant of exclusive rights to distribute, promote, market and sell specified covered beverages and beverage products in the acquired territories. This acquisition related contingent consideration is valued using a probability weighted discounted cash flow model based on internal forecasts and the WACC derived from market data, which are considered Level 3 inputs. Each reporting period, the Company adjusts its contingent consideration liability related to the territory expansion to fair value by discounting future expected sub-bottling payments required under the CBAs using the Company’s estimated WACC. These future expected sub-bottling payments extend through the life of the related distribution assets acquired in each expansion territory, which is generally 40 years. As a result, the fair value of the acquisition related contingent consideration liability is impacted by the Company’s WACC, management’s estimate of the amounts that will be paid in the future under the CBAs, and current sub-bottling payments (all Level 3 inputs). Changes in any of these Level 3 inputs, particularly the underlying risk-free interest rate used to estimate the Company’s WACC, could result in material changes to the fair value of the acquisition related contingent consideration and could materially impact the amount of noncash expense (or income) recorded each reporting period.
 
The acquisition related contingent consideration is the Company’s only Level 3 asset or liability. A reconciliation of the activity is as follows:
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
(in thousands)	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	
Opening balance	 	$	136,570	 	 	$	46,850	 	
Increase due to acquisitions	 	 	133,857	 	 	 	109,784	 	
Decrease due to measurement period adjustments	 	 	-	 	 	 	(18,396	)	
Payment/current payables	 	 	(15,080	)	 	 	(5,244	)	
Fair value adjustment - (income) expense	 	 	(1,910	)	 	 	3,576	 	
Ending balance	 	$	253,437	 	 	$	136,570	 	
 
The Company recorded a favorable fair value adjustment to the contingent consideration liability of $1.9 million during 2016 and an unfavorable fair value adjustment to the contingent consideration liability of $3.6 million during 2015. All adjustments to fair value were primarily a result of updated projections and changes in the risk-free interest rate. These adjustments were recorded in other income (expense) on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations.
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13.	Other Liabilities	
 
Other liabilities consisted of the following:
 
(in thousands)	 	January 1, 2017	 	 	January 3, 2016	 	
Non-current portion of acquisition related contingent consideration	 	$	237,655	 	 	$	128,668	 	
Accruals for executive benefit plans	 	 	123,078	 	 	 	122,077	 	
Other	 	 	17,839	 	 	 	16,345	 	
Total other liabilities	 	$	378,572	 	 	$	267,090	 	
 
See Note 18 and Note 12 to the consolidated financial statements for additional information on benefit plans and acquisition related contingent consideration, respectively.
 
14.	Commitments and Contingencies	
 
Leases
 
The Company leases office and warehouse space, machinery and other equipment under noncancellable operating lease agreements which expire at various dates through 2030. These leases generally contain scheduled rent increases or escalation clauses, renewal options, or in some cases, purchase options. The Company also leases certain warehouse space and other equipment under capital lease agreements which expire at various dates through 2030. These leases contain scheduled rent increases or escalation clauses. Amortization of assets recorded under capital leases is included in depreciation expense.
 
Rental expense incurred for noncancellable operating leases was $13.6 million in 2016, $8.9 million in 2015 and $7.6 million in 2014. See Note 6 and Note 19 to the consolidated financial statements for additional information on leased property under capital leases.
 
The following is a summary of future minimum lease payments, including renewal options the Company has determined to be reasonably assured, for all noncancellable operating leases and capital leases as of January 1, 2017:
 
(in thousands)	 	Capital Leases	 	 	Operating Leases	 	 	Total	 	
2017	 	$	10,495	 	 	$	11,141	 	 	$	21,636	 	
2018	 	 	10,421	 	 	 	9,211	 	 	 	19,632	 	
2019	 	 	10,149	 	 	 	8,371	 	 	 	18,520	 	
2020	 	 	10,328	 	 	 	8,432	 	 	 	18,760	 	
2021	 	 	5,933	 	 	 	8,074	 	 	 	14,007	 	
Thereafter	 	 	12,081	 	 	 	32,805	 	 	 	44,886	 	
Total minimum lease payments including interest	 	$	59,407	 	 	$	78,034	 	 	$	137,441	 	
Less:  Amounts representing interest	 	 	10,686	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Present value of minimum lease principal payments	 	 	48,721	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Less:  Current portion of principal payment obligations under capital leases	 	 	7,527	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Long-term portion of principal payment obligations under capital leases	 	$	41,194	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 
Manufacturing Cooperatives
 
The Company is a shareholder of South Atlantic Canners, Inc. (“SAC”), a manufacturing cooperative in Bishopville, South Carolina from which it is obligated to purchase 17.5 million cases of finished product on an annual basis through June 2024. All eight shareholders of the cooperative are Coca‑Cola bottlers and each has equal voting rights. The Company receives a fee for managing the day-to-day operations of SAC pursuant to a management agreement. The Company purchased 29.9 million cases, 28.3 million cases and 25.9 million cases of finished product from SAC in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively.
 
The Company is also a shareholder of Southeastern Container (“Southeastern”), a plastic bottle manufacturing cooperative from which it is obligated to purchase at least 80% of its requirements of plastic bottles for certain designated territories.
 
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The Company has an equity ownership in both SAC and Southeastern. Following is a summary of purchases from these manufacturing cooperatives:
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
(in thousands)	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	
Purchases from SAC	 	$	149,878	 	 	$	144,511	 	 	$	132,635	 	
Purchases from Southeastern	 	 	80,123	 	 	 	63,257	 	 	 	67,966	 	
Total purchases from manufacturing cooperatives	 	$	230,001	 	 	$	207,768	 	 	$	200,601	 	
 
The Company guarantees a portion of SAC’s and Southeastern’s debt, which resulted primarily from the purchase of production equipment and facilities and expires at various dates through 2023. The amounts guaranteed were as follows:
 
(in thousands)	 	January 1, 2017	 	 	January 3, 2016	 	
Guaranteed portion of debt - SAC	 	$	23,297	 	 	$	19,057	 	
Guaranteed portion of debt - Southeastern	 	 	9,277	 	 	 	11,467	 	
Total guaranteed portion of debt - manufacturing cooperatives	 	$	32,574	 	 	$	30,524	 	
 
In the event either of these cooperatives fails to fulfill its commitments under the related debt, the Company would be responsible for payments to the lenders up to the level of the guarantees. The following table summarizes the Company’s maximum exposure under these guarantees if these cooperatives had borrowed up to their aggregate borrowing capacity:
 
 	 	January 1, 2017	 	
(in thousands)	 	South Atlantic Canners, Inc.	 	 	Southeastern Container	 	 	Total Manufacturing Cooperatives	 	
Maximum guaranteed debt	 	$	23,938	 	 	$	25,251	 	 	$	49,189	 	
Equity investments*	 	 	4,102	 	 	 	17,501	 	 	 	21,603	 	
Maximum total exposure, including equity investments	 	$	28,040	 	 	$	42,752	 	 	$	70,792	 	
 
*	NOTE: Recorded in other assets on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets using the equity method.	
 
The members of both cooperatives consist solely of Coca‑Cola bottlers. The Company does not anticipate either of these cooperatives will fail to fulfill its commitments. The Company further believes each of these cooperatives has sufficient assets, including production equipment, facilities and working capital, and the ability to adjust selling prices of its products to adequately mitigate the risk of material loss from the Company’s guarantees. Following is a summary of the cooperatives’ 2016 financial results:
 
(in thousands)	 	South Atlantic
Canners, Inc.	 	 	Southeastern
Container	 	
Total assets	 	$	53,417	 	 	$	279,830	 	
Total debt	 	 	23,109	 	 	 	111,202	 	
Total revenues	 	 	204,144	 	 	 	527,609	 	
 
The Company holds no assets as collateral against the SAC or Southeastern guarantees, the fair value of which is immaterial to the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The Company monitors its investments in SAC and Southeastern and would be required to write down its investment if an impairment was identified and the Company determined it to be other than temporary. No impairment of the Company’s investments in SAC or Southeastern has been identified as of January 1, 2017, and there was no impairment in 2016, 2015 or 2014.
 
Other Commitments and Contingencies
 
The Company has standby letters of credit, primarily related to its property and casualty insurance programs. These letters of credit totaled $29.7 million on January 1, 2017 and $26.9 million on January 3, 2016.
 
The Company participates in long-term marketing contractual arrangements with certain prestige properties, athletic venues and other locations. The future payments related to these contractual arrangements as of January 1, 2017 amounted to $81.7 million and expire at various dates through 2026.
 
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The Company is involved in various claims and legal proceedings which have arisen in the ordinary course of its business. Although it is difficult to predict the ultimate outcome of these claims and legal proceedings, management believes the ultimate disposition of these matters will not have a material adverse effect on the financial condition, cash flows or results of operations of the Company. No material amount of loss in excess of recorded amounts is believed to be reasonably possible as a result of these claims and legal proceedings.
 
The Company is subject to audits by tax authorities in jurisdictions where it conducts business. These audits may result in assessments that are subsequently resolved with the authorities or potentially through the courts. Management believes the Company has adequately provided for any assessments likely to result from these audits; however, final assessments, if any, could be different than the amounts recorded in the consolidated financial statements.
 
15.	Income Taxes	
 
The current income tax provision represents the estimated amount of income taxes paid or payable for the year, as well as changes in estimates from prior years. The deferred income tax provision represents the change in deferred tax liabilities and assets. The following table presents the significant components of the provision for income taxes:
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
(in thousands)	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	
Current:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Federal	 	$	(6,920	)	 	$	20,107	 	 	$	13,153	 	
State	 	 	27	 	 	 	3,563	 	 	 	2,163	 	
Total current provision (benefit)	 	$	(6,893	)	 	$	23,670	 	 	$	15,316	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Deferred:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Federal	 	$	39,644	 	 	$	10,638	 	 	$	3,638	 	
State	 	 	3,298	 	 	 	(230	)	 	 	582	 	
Total deferred provision (benefit)	 	$	42,942	 	 	$	10,408	 	 	$	4,220	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Income tax expense	 	$	36,049	 	 	$	34,078	 	 	$	19,536	 	
 
The Company’s effective income tax rate, as calculated by dividing income tax expense by income before income taxes, for 2016, 2015 and 2014 was 38.9%, 34.4% and 35.1%, respectively. The following table provides a reconciliation of income tax expense at the statutory federal rate to actual income tax expense.
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
 	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	
(in thousands)	 	Income
tax expense	 	 	% pre-tax
income	 	 	Income
tax expense	 	 	% pre-tax
income	 	 	Income
tax expense	 	 	% pre-tax
income	 	
Statutory expense	 	$	32,449	 	 	 	35.0	%	 	$	34,692	 	 	 	35.0	%	 	$	19,474	 	 	 	35.0	%	
State income taxes, net of federal benefit	 	 	3,243	 	 	 	3.5	 	 	 	3,496	 	 	 	3.5	 	 	 	2,133	 	 	 	3.8	 	
Noncontrolling interest – Piedmont	 	 	(2,406	)	 	 	(2.6	)	 	 	(2,261	)	 	 	(2.3	)	 	 	(1,835	)	 	 	(3.3	)	
Adjustment for uncertain tax positions	 	 	(43	)	 	 	-	 	 	 	51	 	 	 	0.1	 	 	 	30	 	 	 	0.1	 	
Adjustment for state tax legislation	 	 	(625	)	 	 	(0.7	)	 	 	(1,145	)	 	 	(1.2	)	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	
Valuation allowance change	 	 	(689	)	 	 	(0.7	)	 	 	(1,332	)	 	 	(1.3	)	 	 	1,203	 	 	 	2.2	 	
Bargain purchase gain	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	(704	)	 	 	(0.7	)	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	
Capital loss carryover	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	(854	)	 	 	(1.5	)	
Manufacturing deduction benefit	 	 	(56	)	 	 	(0.1	)	 	 	(1,330	)	 	 	(1.3	)	 	 	(1,470	)	 	 	(2.6	)	
Meals and entertainment	 	 	1,879	 	 	 	2.0	 	 	 	1,666	 	 	 	1.7	 	 	 	1,204	 	 	 	2.2	 	
Other, net	 	 	2,297	 	 	 	2.5	 	 	 	945	 	 	 	0.9	 	 	 	(349	)	 	 	(0.8	)	
Income tax expense	 	$	36,049	 	 	 	38.9	%	 	$	34,078	 	 	 	34.4	%	 	$	19,536	 	 	 	35.1	%	
 
The Company’s effective tax rate, as calculated by dividing income tax expense by income before income taxes less net income attributable to noncontrolling interest, for 2016, 2015 and 2014 was 41.8%, 36.6% and 38.4%, respectively.
 
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During 2015, a state legislation target threshold was met that caused a reduction to the corporate tax rate in that state to 4.0% from 5.0%, effective January 1, 2016. This reduction in the state corporate tax rate decreased the Company’s income tax expense by approximately $1.1 million in 2015 due to the impact on the Company’s net deferred tax liabilities and valuation allowance.
 
During 2016, the Company revalued its existing net deferred tax liabilities for the effects on the state corporate tax rate applied to deferred taxes which resulted from the 2016 Expansion Transactions. The net impact of this revaluation was an increase to the recorded income tax expense of $0.8 million. Also during 2016, a state tax legislation target was met that caused a reduction to the corporate tax rate in that state to 3.0% from 4.0%, effective January 1, 2017. This reduction in the state corporate tax rate resulted in a decrease to the Company’s recorded income tax expense of $0.6 million due to the Company revaluing its net deferred tax liabilities. The impact of these two revaluations was a net increase to the recorded income tax expense of $0.2 million in 2016.
 
The gain on the exchange of franchise territory and the sale of BYB did not have a significant impact on the effective income tax rate for 2015.
 
The Company records liabilities for uncertain tax positions related to certain income tax positions. These liabilities reflect the Company’s best estimate of the ultimate income tax liability based on currently known facts and information. Material changes in facts or information, as well as the expiration of statute and/or settlements with individual tax jurisdictions, may result in material adjustments to these estimates in the future.
 
The Company recognizes potential interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense. During 2016, 2015 and 2014, the interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions recognized in income tax expense were not material. In addition, the amount of interest and penalties accrued at January 1, 2017 and January 3, 2016 were not material.
 
As of January 1, 2017 and January 3, 2016, the Company had $2.9 million of uncertain tax positions, including accrued interest, all of which would affect the Company’s effective tax rate if recognized. While it is expected the amount of uncertain tax positions may change in the next 12 months, the Company does not expect such change would have a significant impact on the consolidated financial statements.
 
The Company reduced its liability for uncertain tax positions in 2016, 2015 and 2014, primarily as a result of the expiration of applicable statutes of limitation. These reductions resulted in corresponding decreases to income tax expense. A reconciliation of uncertain tax positions, excluding accrued interest, is as follows:
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
(in thousands)	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	
Gross uncertain tax positions at the beginning of the year	 	$	2,633	 	 	$	2,620	 	 	$	2,630	 	
Increase as a result of tax positions taken during a prior period	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	
Decrease as a result of tax positions taken during a prior period	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	
Increase as a result of tax positions taken in the current period	 	 	687	 	 	 	547	 	 	 	498	 	
Reduction as a result of the expiration of the applicable statute of limitations	 	 	(641	)	 	 	(534	)	 	 	(508	)	
Gross uncertain tax positions at the end of the year	 	$	2,679	 	 	$	2,633	 	 	$	2,620	 	
 
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Deferred income taxes are recorded based upon temporary differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities and available net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Temporary differences and carryforwards that comprised deferred income tax assets and liabilities were as follows:
 
(in thousands)	 	January 1, 2017	 	 	January 3, 2016	 	
Acquisition related contingent consideration	 	$	97,573	 	 	$	52,306	 	
Deferred compensation	 	 	44,185	 	 	 	44,402	 	
Postretirement benefits	 	 	32,656	 	 	 	27,086	 	
Accrued liabilities	 	 	21,666	 	 	 	21,853	 	
Pension (nonunion)	 	 	17,381	 	 	 	18,257	 	
Transactional costs	 	 	7,155	 	 	 	5,879	 	
Capital lease agreements	 	 	5,817	 	 	 	6,105	 	
Charitable contribution carryover	 	 	4,409	 	 	 	-	 	
Pension (union)	 	 	3,162	 	 	 	3,290	 	
Net operating loss carryforwards	 	 	2,148	 	 	 	3,121	 	
Other	 	 	111	 	 	 	-	 	
Deferred income tax assets	 	$	236,263	 	 	 	182,299	 	
Less: Valuation allowance for deferred tax assets	 	 	1,618	 	 	 	2,307	 	
Net deferred income tax asset	 	$	234,645	 	 	$	179,992	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Intangible assets	 	$	(204,661	)	 	$	(169,338	)	
Depreciation	 	 	(134,872	)	 	 	(95,262	)	
Investment in Piedmont	 	 	(45,128	)	 	 	(43,109	)	
Inventory	 	 	(13,814	)	 	 	(9,928	)	
Prepaid expenses	 	 	(6,300	)	 	 	(4,615	)	
Patronage dividend	 	 	(4,724	)	 	 	(4,046	)	
Debt exchange premium	 	 	-	 	 	 	(204	)	
Other	 	 	-	 	 	 	(434	)	
Deferred income tax liabilities	 	$	(409,499	)	 	$	(326,936	)	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net deferred income tax liability	 	$	(174,854	)	 	$	(146,944	)	
 
Valuation allowances are recognized on deferred tax assets if the Company believes it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The Company believes the majority of the deferred tax assets will be realized due to the reversal of certain significant temporary differences and anticipated future taxable income from operations.
 
The valuation allowance of $1.6 million as of January 1, 2017 and $2.3 million as of January 3, 2016 was established primarily for certain loss carryforwards which expire in varying amounts through 2035. The reduction in the valuation allowance as of January 1, 2017, was a result of the Company’s assessment of its ability to use certain loss carryforwards. The reduction in the valuation allowance as of January 3, 2016, was a result of the Company’s assessment of its ability to use certain loss carryforwards primarily related to the sale of BYB.
 
As of January 1, 2017, the Company had $1.6 million of federal net operating losses and $39.8 million of state net operating losses available to reduce future income taxes. The federal net operating losses would expire in varying amounts through 2032. The state net operating losses would expire in varying amounts through 2035.
 
Prior tax years beginning in year 2002 remain open to examination by the Internal Revenue Service, and various tax years beginning in year 1998 remain open to examination by certain state tax jurisdictions due to loss carryforwards.
 
The Company’s deferred income tax assets and liabilities are subject to adjustment in future periods based on the Company’s ongoing evaluations of such deferred assets and liabilities and new information available to the Company.
 
16.	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	
 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss is comprised of adjustments relative to the Company’s pension and postretirement medical benefit plans and foreign currency translation adjustments required for a subsidiary of the Company that performs data analysis and provides consulting services outside the United States.
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A summary of accumulated other comprehensive (loss) (“AOCI(L)”) is as follows:
 
 	 	 	 	 	 	Gains (Losses) During the Period	 	 	Reclassification to Income	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	January 3,	 	 	Pre-tax	 	 	Tax	 	 	Pre-tax	 	 	Tax	 	 	January 1,	 	
(in thousands)	 	2016	 	 	Activity	 	 	Effect	 	 	Activity	 	 	Effect	 	 	2017	 	
Net pension activity:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Actuarial loss	 	$	(68,243	)	 	$	(9,777	)	 	$	3,764	 	 	$	3,031	 	 	$	(1,168	)	 	$	(72,393	)	
Prior service costs	 	 	(78	)	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	28	 	 	 	(11	)	 	 	(61	)	
Net postretirement benefits activity:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Actuarial loss	 	 	(19,825	)	 	 	(9,152	)	 	 	3,523	 	 	 	2,186	 	 	 	(843	)	 	 	(24,111	)	
Prior service costs	 	 	5,744	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	(3,360	)	 	 	1,295	 	 	 	3,679	 	
Foreign currency translation adjustment	 	 	(5	)	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	(11	)	 	 	5	 	 	 	(11	)	
Total AOCI(L)	 	$	(82,407	)	 	$	(18,929	)	 	$	7,287	 	 	$	1,874	 	 	$	(722	)	 	$	(92,897	)	
 
 	 	 	 	 	 	Gains (Losses) During the Period	 	 	Reclassification to Income	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	December 28,	 	 	Pre-tax	 	 	Tax	 	 	Pre-tax	 	 	Tax	 	 	January 3,	 	
(in thousands)	 	2014	 	 	Activity	 	 	Effect	 	 	Activity	 	 	Effect	 	 	2016	 	
Net pension activity:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Actuarial loss	 	$	(74,867	)	 	$	7,513	 	 	$	(2,877	)	 	$	3,230	 	 	$	(1,242	)	 	$	(68,243	)	
Prior service costs	 	 	(99	)	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	35	 	 	 	(14	)	 	 	(78	)	
Net postretirement benefits activity:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Actuarial loss	 	 	(22,759	)	 	 	1,599	 	 	 	(613	)	 	 	3,164	 	 	 	(1,216	)	 	 	(19,825	)	
Prior service costs	 	 	7,812	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	(3,360	)	 	 	1,292	 	 	 	5,744	 	
Foreign currency translation adjustment	 	 	(1	)	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	(8	)	 	 	4	 	 	 	(5	)	
Total AOCI(L)	 	$	(89,914	)	 	$	9,112	 	 	$	(3,490	)	 	$	3,061	 	 	$	(1,176	)	 	$	(82,407	)	
 
 	 	 	 	 	 	Gains (Losses) During the Period	 	 	Reclassification to Income	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	December 29,	 	 	Pre-tax	 	 	Tax	 	 	Pre-tax	 	 	Tax	 	 	December 28,	 	
(in thousands)	 	2013	 	 	Activity	 	 	Effect	 	 	Activity	 	 	Effect	 	 	2014	 	
Net pension activity:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Actuarial loss	 	$	(43,028	)	 	$	(53,597	)	 	$	20,688	 	 	$	1,743	 	 	$	(673	)	 	$	(74,867	)	
Prior service costs	 	 	(121	)	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	36	 	 	 	(14	)	 	 	(99	)	
Net postretirement benefits activity:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Actuarial loss	 	 	(18,441	)	 	 	(9,324	)	 	 	3,598	 	 	 	2,293	 	 	 	(885	)	 	 	(22,759	)	
Prior service costs	 	 	3,410	 	 	 	8,682	 	 	 	(3,351	)	 	 	(1,513	)	 	 	584	 	 	 	7,812	 	
Foreign currency translation adjustment	 	 	4	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	(9	)	 	 	4	 	 	 	(1	)	
Total AOCI(L)	 	$	(58,176	)	 	$	(54,239	)	 	$	20,935	 	 	$	2,550	 	 	$	(984	)	 	$	(89,914	)	
 
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A summary of the impact on the income statement line items is as follows:
 
 	 	Fiscal 2016	 	
(in thousands)	 	Net Pension
Activity	 	 	Net Postretirement
Benefits Activity	 	 	Foreign Currency
Translation Adjustment	 	 	Total	 	
Cost of sales	 	$	331	 	 	$	(174	)	 	$	-	 	 	$	157	 	
S,D&A expenses	 	 	2,728	 	 	 	(1,000	)	 	 	(11	)	 	 	1,717	 	
Subtotal pre-tax	 	 	3,059	 	 	 	(1,174	)	 	 	(11	)	 	 	1,874	 	
Income tax expense	 	 	1,179	 	 	 	(452	)	 	 	(5	)	 	 	722	 	
Total after tax effect	 	$	1,880	 	 	$	(722	)	 	$	(6	)	 	$	1,152	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	Fiscal 2015	 	
(in thousands)	 	Net Pension
Activity	 	 	Net Postretirement
Benefits Activity	 	 	Foreign Currency
Translation Adjustment	 	 	Total	 	
Cost of sales	 	$	359	 	 	$	(27	)	 	$	-	 	 	$	332	 	
S,D&A expenses	 	 	2,906	 	 	 	(169	)	 	 	(8	)	 	 	2,729	 	
Subtotal pre-tax	 	 	3,265	 	 	 	(196	)	 	 	(8	)	 	 	3,061	 	
Income tax expense	 	 	1,256	 	 	 	(76	)	 	 	(4	)	 	 	1,176	 	
Total after tax effect	 	$	2,009	 	 	$	(120	)	 	$	(4	)	 	$	1,885	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
 	 	Fiscal 2014	 	
(in thousands)	 	Net Pension
Activity	 	 	Net Postretirement
Benefits Activity	 	 	Foreign Currency
Translation Adjustment	 	 	Total	 	
Cost of sales	 	$	356	 	 	$	101	 	 	$	-	 	 	$	457	 	
S,D&A expenses	 	 	1,423	 	 	 	679	 	 	 	(9	)	 	 	2,093	 	
Subtotal pre-tax	 	 	1,779	 	 	 	780	 	 	 	(9	)	 	 	2,550	 	
Income tax expense	 	 	687	 	 	 	301	 	 	 	(4	)	 	 	984	 	
Total after tax effect	 	$	1,092	 	 	$	479	 	 	$	(5	)	 	$	1,566	 	
 
17.	Capital Transactions	
 
The Company has two classes of common stock outstanding, Common Stock and Class B Common Stock. The Common Stock is traded on the NASDAQ Global Select Market sm  under the symbol COKE. There is no established public trading market for the Class B Common Stock. Shares of the Class B Common Stock are convertible on a share-for-share basis into shares of Common Stock at any time at the option of the holders of Class B Common Stock.
 
No cash dividend or dividend of property or stock other than stock of the Company, as specifically described in the Company’s certificate of incorporation, may be declared and paid on the Class B Common Stock unless an equal or greater dividend is declared and paid on the Common Stock. During 2016, 2015 and 2014, dividends of $1.00 per share were declared and paid on both Common Stock and Class B Common Stock. Total cash dividends paid were $9.3 million per year in 2016, 2015 and 2014.
 
Each share of Common Stock is entitled to one vote per share and each share of Class B Common Stock is entitled to 20 votes per share at all meetings of shareholders. Except as otherwise required by law, holders of the Common Stock and Class B Common Stock vote together as a single class on all matters brought before the Company’s stockholders. In the event of liquidation, there is no preference between the two classes of common stock.
 
Compensation expense for the Performance Unit Award Agreement, recognized on the share price of the last trading day prior to the end of the fiscal year, was as follows:
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
(in thousands, except per share data)	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	
Total compensation expense	 	$	7,154	 	 	$	7,300	 	 	$	3,542	 	
Share price for compensation expense	 	$	178.85	 	 	$	182.51	 	 	$	88.55	 	
Share price date for compensation expense	 	December 30, 2016	 	 	December 31, 2015	 	 	December 26, 2014	 	
 
Each year, the Compensation Committee determined whether any shares of the Company’s Class B Common Stock should be issued as a Performance Unit Award Agreement to J. Frank Harrison, III, in connection with his services for the prior year as Chairman of
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the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer of the Company. As permitted under the terms of the Performance Unit Award Agreement, a number of shares were settled in cash each year to satisfy tax withholding obligations in connection with the vesting of the performance units. The remaining number of shares increased the total shares of Class B Common Stock outstanding. A summary of the awards each year is as follows:
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
 	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	
Date of approval for award	 	March 8, 2016	 	 	March 3, 2015	 	 	March 4, 2014	 	
Fiscal year of service covered by award	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	 	2013	 	
Shares settled in cash	 	 	19,080	 	 	 	19,080	 	 	 	19,100	 	
Increase in Class B Common Stock shares outstanding	 	 	20,920	 	 	 	20,920	 	 	 	20,900	 	
Total Class B Common Stock awarded	 	 	40,000	 	 	 	40,000	 	 	 	40,000	 	
 
18.	Benefit Plans	
 
Executive Benefit Plans
 
The Company has four executive benefit plans:  the Supplemental Savings Incentive Plan (“Supplemental Savings Plan”), the Long-Term Retention Plan (“LTRP”), the Officer Retention Plan (“Retention Plan”) and the Long-Term Performance Plan (“Performance Plan”).
 
Pursuant to the Supplemental Savings Plan, as amended, eligible participants may elect to defer a portion of their annual salary and bonus. Participants are immediately vested in all deferred contributions they make and become fully vested in Company contributions upon completion of five years of service, termination of employment due to death, retirement or a change in control. Participant deferrals and Company contributions made in years prior to 2006 are invested in either a fixed benefit option or certain investment funds specified by the Company. Beginning in 2010, the Company may elect at its discretion to match up to 50% of the first 6% of salary, excluding bonuses, deferred by the participant. During 2016, 2015 and 2014, the Company matched up to 50% of the first 6% of salary, excluding bonus, deferred by the participant. The Company may also make discretionary contributions to participants’ accounts. The liability under this plan was as follows:
 
(in thousands)	 	January 1, 2017	 	 	January 3, 2016	 	
Current liabilities	 	$	7,339	 	 	$	6,425	 	
Noncurrent liabilities	 	 	70,709	 	 	 	69,941	 	
Total liability - Supplemental Savings Plan	 	$	78,048	 	 	$	76,366	 	
 
Under the LTRP, the Company accrues a defined amount each year for an eligible participant based upon an award schedule. Amounts awarded may earn an investment return based on certain investment funds specified by the Company. Benefits under the LTRP are 50% vested until age 50. After age 50, the vesting percentage increases by 5% each year until the benefits are fully vested at age 60. Participants receive payments from the plan upon retirement or in certain instances upon termination of employment. Payments are made in the form of a monthly annuity over a period of ten, fifteen or twenty years. The liability under this plan was as follows:
 
(in thousands)	 	January 1, 2017	 	 	January 3, 2016	 	
Current liabilities	 	$	2	 	 	$	1	 	
Noncurrent liabilities	 	 	1,256	 	 	 	535	 	
Total liability - LTRP	 	$	1,258	 	 	$	536	 	
 
Under the Retention Plan, as amended effective January 1, 2007, eligible participants may elect to receive an annuity payable in equal monthly installments over a 10, 15 or 20-year period commencing at retirement or, in certain instances, upon termination of employment. The benefits under the Retention Plan increase with each year of participation as set forth in an agreement between the participant and the Company. Benefits under the Retention Plan are 50% vested until age 50. After age 50, the vesting percentage increases by an additional 5% each year until the benefits are fully vested at age 60. The liability under this plan was as follows:  
 
(in thousands)	 	January 1, 2017	 	 	January 3, 2016	 	
Current liabilities	 	$	3,359	 	 	$	2,395	 	
Noncurrent liabilities	 	 	44,480	 	 	 	45,111	 	
Total liability - Retention Plan	 	$	47,839	 	 	$	47,506	 	
 
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Under the Performance Plan, adopted as of January 1, 2007, the Compensation Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors establishes dollar amounts to which a participant shall be entitled upon attainment of the applicable performance measures. Bonus awards under the Performance Plan are made based on the relative achievement of performance measures in terms of the Company-sponsored objectives or objectives related to the performance of the individual participants or of the subsidiary, division, department, region or function in which the participant is employed. The liability under this plan was as follows:
 
(in thousands)	 	January 1, 2017	 	 	January 3, 2016	 	
Current liabilities	 	$	5,282	 	 	$	5,025	 	
Noncurrent liabilities	 	 	5,651	 	 	 	5,571	 	
Total liability - Performance Plan	 	$	10,933	 	 	$	10,596	 	
 
Pension Plans
 
There are two Company-sponsored pension plans. The primary Company-sponsored pension plan (the “Primary Plan”) was frozen as of June 30, 2006 and no benefits accrued to participants after this date. The second Company-sponsored pension plan (the “Bargaining Plan”) is for certain employees under collective bargaining agreements. Benefits under the pension plan for collectively bargained employees are determined in accordance with negotiated formulas for the respective participants. Contributions to the plans are based on actuarial determined amounts and are limited to the amounts currently deductible for income tax purposes.
 
Each year, the Company updates its mortality assumptions used in the calculation of its pension liability using The Society of Actuaries’ latest mortality tables. In 2014, the mortality table reflected increased longevity in the United States, whereas in 2015 and 2016, the mortality table reflected a lower increase in longevity.
 
The following tables set forth pertinent information for the two Company-sponsored pension plans:
 
Changes in Projected Benefit Obligation
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
(in thousands)	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	
Projected benefit obligation at beginning of year	 	$	261,469	 	 	$	279,669	 	
Service cost	 	 	461	 	 	 	116	 	
Interest cost	 	 	12,182	 	 	 	11,875	 	
Actuarial (gain)/loss	 	 	8,268	 	 	 	(21,883	)	
Benefits paid	 	 	(9,232	)	 	 	(8,308	)	
Projected benefit obligation at end of year	 	$	273,148	 	 	$	261,469	 	
 
The discount rate for the Primary Plan and the Bargaining Plan decreased to 4.44% and 4.49%, respectively, in 2016 from 4.72% for both Company-sponsored pension plans in 2015, which was the primary driver of the actuarial loss in 2016. The discount rate increased to 4.72% for both Company-sponsored pension plans in 2015 from 4.32% and 4.31% for the Primary Plan and the Bargaining Plan, respectively, in 2014, which was the primary driver in the actuarial gain in 2015. The actuarial gain and losses, net of tax, were recorded in other comprehensive loss.
 
The projected benefit obligations and accumulated benefit obligations for both the Company’s pension plans were in excess of plan assets at January 1, 2017 and January 3, 2016. The accumulated benefit obligation was $273.1 million as of January 1, 2017 and $261.5 million as of January 3, 2016.
 
Change in Plan Assets
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
(in thousands)	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year	 	$	214,055	 	 	$	212,692	 	
Actual return on plan assets	 	 	12,313	 	 	 	(829	)	
Employer contributions	 	 	11,120	 	 	 	10,500	 	
Benefits paid	 	 	(9,232	)	 	 	(8,308	)	
Fair value of plan assets at end of year	 	$	228,256	 	 	$	214,055	 	
 
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Funded Status
 
(in thousands)	 	January 1, 2017	 	 	January 3, 2016	 	
Projected benefit obligation	 	$	(273,148	)	 	$	(261,469	)	
Plan assets at fair value	 	 	228,256	 	 	 	214,055	 	
Net funded status	 	$	(44,892	)	 	$	(47,414	)	
 
Amounts Recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets
 
(in thousands)	 	January 1, 2017	 	 	January 3, 2016	 	
Current liabilities	 	$	-	 	 	$	-	 	
Noncurrent liabilities	 	 	(44,892	)	 	 	(47,414	)	
Total liability - pension plans	 	$	(44,892	)	 	$	(47,414	)	
 
Net Periodic Pension Cost (Benefit)
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
(in thousands)	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	
Service cost	 	$	461	 	 	$	116	 	 	$	109	 	
Interest cost	 	 	12,182	 	 	 	11,875	 	 	 	11,603	 	
Expected return on plan assets	 	 	(13,822	)	 	 	(13,541	)	 	 	(13,775	)	
Amortization of prior service cost	 	 	28	 	 	 	35	 	 	 	36	 	
Recognized net actuarial loss	 	 	3,031	 	 	 	3,230	 	 	 	1,743	 	
Net periodic pension cost (benefit)	 	$	1,880	 	 	$	1,715	 	 	$	(284	)	
 
Significant Assumptions
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
 	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	
Projected benefit obligation at the measurement date:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Discount rate - Primary Plan	 	 	4.44	%	 	 	4.72	%	 	 	4.32	%	
Discount rate - Bargaining Plan	 	 	4.49	%	 	 	4.72	%	 	 	4.31	%	
Weighted average rate of compensation increase	 	N/A	 	 	N/A	 	 	N/A	 	
Net periodic pension cost for the fiscal year:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Discount rate	 	 	4.72	%	 	 	4.32	%	 	 	5.21	%	
Weighted average expected long-term rate of return on plan assets	 	 	6.50	%	 	 	6.50	%	 	 	7.00	%	
Weighted average rate of compensation increase	 	N/A	 	 	N/A	 	 	N/A	 	
 
Cash Flows
 
(in thousands)	 	Anticipated Future Pension Benefit
Payments for the Fiscal Years	 	
2017	 	$	9,950	 	
2018	 	 	10,605	 	
2019	 	 	11,304	 	
2020	 	 	11,980	 	
2021	 	 	12,619	 	
2022 – 2026	 	 	72,390	 	
 
Anticipated contributions for the two Company-sponsored pension plans will be in the range of $10 million to $12 million in 2017.
 
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Plan Assets
 
The Company’s pension plans target asset allocation for 2017, actual asset allocation at January 1, 2017 and January 3, 2016, and the expected weighted average long-term rate of return by asset category were as follows:
 
 	 	Target	 	 	Percentage of Plan	 	 	Weighted Average Expected	 	
 	 	Allocation	 	 	Assets at Fiscal Year-End	 	 	Long-Term Rate of Return	 	
 	 	2017	 	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	 	2016	 	
U.S. large capitalization equity securities	 	 	40	%	 	 	41	%	 	 	40	%	 	 	3.3	%	
U.S. small/mid-capitalization equity securities	 	 	5	%	 	 	5	%	 	 	5	%	 	 	0.4	%	
International equity securities	 	 	15	%	 	 	15	%	 	 	15	%	 	 	1.3	%	
Debt securities	 	 	40	%	 	 	39	%	 	 	40	%	 	 	1.5	%	
Total	 	 	100	%	 	 	100	%	 	 	100	%	 	 	6.5	%	
 
All assets in the Company’s pension plans are invested in institutional investment funds managed by professional investment advisors which hold U.S. equities, international equities and debt securities. The objective of the Company’s investment philosophy is to earn the plans’ targeted rate of return over longer periods without assuming excess investment risk. The general guidelines for plan investments include 30% - 45% in large capitalization equity securities, 0% - 20% in U.S. small and mid-capitalization equity securities, 0% - 10% in international equity securities and 10% - 50% in debt securities. The Company currently has 61% of its plan investments in equity securities and 39% in debt securities.
 
U.S. large capitalization equity securities include domestic based companies that are generally included in common market indices such as the S&P 500™ and the Russell 1000™. U.S. small and mid-capitalization equity securities include small domestic equities as represented by the Russell 2000™ index. International equity securities include companies from developed markets outside the United States. Debt securities as of January 1, 2017 are comprised of investments in two institutional bond funds with a weighted average duration of approximately three years.
 
A weighted average expected long-term rate of return of plan assets of 6.5% was used to determine net periodic pension cost in both 2016 and 2015. The rate reflects an estimate of long-term future returns for the pension plan assets net of expenses. The estimate is primarily a function of the asset classes, equities versus fixed income, in which the pension plan assets are invested and the analysis of past performance of these asset classes over a long period of time. The analysis includes expected long-term inflation and the risk premiums associated with equity investments and fixed income investments.
 
The following table summarizes the Company’s common/collective trust fund pension plan assets. The underlying investments held in common/collective trust funds are actively managed equity securities and fixed income investment vehicles that are valued at the net asset value per share multiplied by the number of shares held as of the measurement date.
 
(in thousands)	 	 	January 1, 2017	 	 	January 3, 2016	 	
Common/collective trust funds - equity securities	 	 	$	139,735	 	 	$	128,220	 	
Common/collective trust funds - fixed income	 	 	 	87,814	 	 	 	85,158	 	
Total common/collective trust funds	 	 	$	227,549	 	 	$	213,378	 	
 
In addition, the Company had $0.7 million of other level 1 pension plan assets related to its equity securities in both 2016 and 2015. The level 1 assets had quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets available for fair value measurement.
 
The Company does not have any unobservable inputs (Level 3) pension plan assets.
 
401(k) Savings Plan
 
The Company provides a 401(k) Savings Plan for substantially all its employees who are not part of collective bargaining agreements. The Company’s matching contribution is discretionary, with the option to match contributions for eligible participants up to 5% based on the Company’s financial results for future years. During 2016, 2015, and 2014, the Company matched the maximum 5% of participants’ contributions, for a total expense of $14.9 million, $10.7 million and $8.8 million, respectively.
 
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Postretirement Benefits
 
The Company provides postretirement benefits for a portion of its current employees. The Company recognizes the cost of postretirement benefits, which consist principally of medical benefits, during employees’ periods of active service. The Company does not pre-fund these benefits and has the right to modify or terminate certain of these benefits in the future.
 
The following tables set forth pertinent information for the Company’s postretirement benefit plan:
 
Reconciliation of Activity
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
(in thousands)	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	
Benefit obligation at beginning of year	 	$	70,361	 	 	$	70,121	 	
Service cost	 	 	1,567	 	 	 	1,118	 	
Interest cost	 	 	3,094	 	 	 	2,878	 	
Acquisition of benefits	 	 	3,458	 	 	 	-	 	
Plan participants’ contributions	 	 	662	 	 	 	594	 	
Actuarial (gain)/loss	 	 	9,152	 	 	 	(1,600	)	
Benefits paid	 	 	(3,135	)	 	 	(2,886	)	
Medicare Part D subsidy reimbursement	 	 	96	 	 	 	136	 	
Benefit obligation at end of year	 	$	85,255	 	 	$	70,361	 	
 
Reconciliation of Plan Assets Fair Value
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
(in thousands)	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year	 	$	-	 	 	$	-	 	
Employer contributions	 	 	2,377	 	 	 	2,156	 	
Plan participants’ contributions	 	 	662	 	 	 	594	 	
Benefits paid	 	 	(3,135	)	 	 	(2,886	)	
Medicare Part D subsidy reimbursement	 	 	96	 	 	 	136	 	
Fair value of plan assets at end of year	 	$	-	 	 	$	-	 	
 
Funded Status
 
(in thousands)	 	January 1, 2017	 	 	January 3, 2016	 	
Current liabilities	 	$	3,468	 	 	$	3,401	 	
Noncurrent liabilities	 	 	81,787	 	 	 	66,960	 	
Total liability - postretirement benefits	 	$	85,255	 	 	$	70,361	 	
 
Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
(in thousands)	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	
Service cost	 	$	1,567	 	 	$	1,118	 	 	$	1,445	 	
Interest cost	 	 	3,094	 	 	 	2,878	 	 	 	3,255	 	
Recognized net actuarial loss	 	 	2,186	 	 	 	3,164	 	 	 	2,293	 	
Amortization of prior service cost	 	 	(3,360	)	 	 	(3,360	)	 	 	(1,513	)	
Net periodic postretirement benefit cost	 	$	3,487	 	 	$	3,800	 	 	$	5,480	 	
 
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Significant Assumptions
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
 	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	
Benefit obligation discount rate at measurement date	 	 	4.36	%	 	 	4.53	%	 	 	4.13	%	
Net periodic postretirement benefit cost discount rate for fiscal year	 	 	4.53	%	 	 	4.13	%	 	 	4.96	%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Postretirement benefit expense - Pre-Medicare:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Weighted average health care cost trend rate	 	 	6.2	%	 	 	7.5	%	 	 	8.0	%	
Trend rate graded down to ultimate rate	 	 	4.5	%	 	 	5.0	%	 	 	5.0	%	
Ultimate rate year	 	2024	 	 	2021	 	 	2021	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Postretirement benefit expense - Post-Medicare:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Weighted average health care cost trend rate	 	 	7.5	%	 	 	7.0	%	 	 	7.5	%	
Trend rate graded down to ultimate rate	 	 	4.5	%	 	 	5.0	%	 	 	5.0	%	
Ultimate rate year	 	2024	 	 	2021	 	 	2021	 	
 
A 1% increase or decrease in the annual health care cost trend would have impacted the postretirement benefit obligation and service cost and interest cost of the Company’s postretirement benefit plan as follows:
 
(in thousands)	 	1% Increase	 	 	1% Decrease	 	
Postretirement benefit obligation at January 1, 2017	 	$	10,441	 	 	$	(9,976	)	
Service cost and interest cost in 2016	 	 	550	 	 	 	(521	)	
 
Cash Flows
 
(in thousands)	 	Anticipated Future Postretirement Benefit
Payments Reflecting Expected Future Service	 	
2017	 	$	3,468	 	
2018	 	 	3,878	 	
2019	 	 	4,252	 	
2020	 	 	4,495	 	
2021	 	 	4,708	 	
2022 – 2026	 	 	26,507	 	
 
Anticipated future postretirement benefit payments are shown net of Medicare Part D subsidy reimbursements, which are not material.
 
A reconciliation of the amounts in accumulated other comprehensive loss not yet recognized as components of net periodic benefit cost is as follows:
 
(in thousands)	 	January 3,
2016	 	 	Actuarial
Gain (Loss)	 	 	Reclassification Adjustments	 	 	January 1,
2017	 	
Pension Plans:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Actuarial (loss)	 	$	(112,898	)	 	$	(9,777	)	 	$	3,031	 	 	$	(119,644	)	
Prior service (cost) credit	 	 	(128	)	 	 	-	 	 	 	27	 	 	 	(101	)	
Postretirement Medical:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Actuarial (loss)	 	 	(33,536	)	 	 	(9,152	)	 	 	2,186	 	 	 	(40,502	)	
Prior service (cost) credit	 	 	9,483	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	(3,361	)	 	 	6,122	 	
Total within accumulated other comprehensive loss	 	$	(137,079	)	 	$	(18,929	)	 	$	1,883	 	 	$	(154,125	)	
 
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The amounts in accumulated other comprehensive loss expected to be recognized as components of net periodic cost during 2017 are as follows:
 
(in thousands)	 	Pension
Plans	 	 	Postretirement Medical	 	 	Total	 	
Actuarial loss	 	$	3,228	 	 	$	2,591	 	 	$	5,819	 	
Prior service cost (credit)	 	 	28	 	 	 	(2,982	)	 	 	(2,954	)	
Total expected to be recognized during 2017	 	$	3,256	 	 	$	(391	)	 	$	2,865	 	
 
Multi-Employer Pension Plans
 
Certain employees of the Company, whose employment is covered under collective bargaining agreements, participate in a multi-employer pension plan, the Employers-Teamsters Local Union Nos. 175 and 505 Pension Fund (the “Teamsters Plan”). The collective bargaining agreements covering the Teamsters Plan will expire on April 29, 2017 and July 26, 2018.
 
The risks of participating in the Teamsters Plan are different from single-employer plans as contributed assets are pooled and may be used to provide benefits to employees of other participating employers. If a participating employer stops contributing to the Teamsters Plan, the unfunded obligations of the Teamsters Plan may be borne by the remaining participating employers. If the Company chooses to stop participating in the Teamsters Plan, the Company could be required to pay the Teamsters Plan a withdrawal liability based on the underfunded status of the Teamsters Plan. The Company does not anticipate withdrawing from the Teamsters Plan.
 
In 2015, the Company increased the contribution rates to the Teamsters Plan, with additional increases occurring annually, as part of a rehabilitation plan. This is a result of the Teamsters Plan being certified by its actuary as being in “critical” status for the plan year beginning January 1, 2013, which was incorporated into the renewal of collective bargaining agreements with the unions, effective April 28, 2014 and adopted by the Company as a rehabilitation plan, effective January 1, 2015.
 
The Company’s participation in the Teamsters Plan is outlined in the table below. A red zone represents less than 80% funding and requires a financial improvement plan (“FIP”) or rehabilitation plan (“RP”).
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
(in thousands)	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	
Pension Protection Act Zone Status	 	Red	 	 	Red	 	 	Red	 	
FIP or RP pending or implemented	 	Yes	 	 	Yes	 	 	Yes	 	
Surcharge imposed	 	Yes	 	 	Yes	 	 	Yes	 	
Contribution	 	$	728	 	 	$	692	 	 	$	655	 	
 
According to the Teamsters Plan’s Forms 5500, the Company was not listed as providing more than 5% of the total contributions for the plan years ending December 31, 2015 or December 31, 2014. At the date these financial statements were issued, Forms 5500 were not available for the plan year ending December 31, 2016.
 
The Company has a liability recorded for exiting a multi-employer pension plan in 2008 and is required to make payments of approximately $1 million to this multi-employer pension plan each year through 2028. As of January 1, 2017, the Company has $8.1 million remaining on this liability.
 
19.	Related Party Transactions	
 
The Coca‑Cola Company
 
The Company’s business consists primarily of the production, marketing and distribution of nonalcoholic beverages of The Coca‑Cola Company, which is the sole owner of the secret formulas under which the primary components, either concentrate or syrup, of its soft drink products are manufactured.
 
As of January 1, 2017, The Coca‑Cola Company owned approximately 35% of the Company’s total outstanding Common Stock, representing approximately 5% of the total voting power of the Company’s Common Stock and Class B Common Stock voting together. As long as The Coca‑Cola Company holds the number of shares of Common Stock it currently owns, it has the right to have a designee proposed by the Company for nomination to the Company’s Board of Directors, and J. Frank Harrison, III, the Chairman of the Board and the Chief Executive Officer of the Company, and trustees of certain trusts established for the benefit of certain relatives
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of J. Frank Harrison, Jr. have agreed to vote the shares of the Company’s Class B Common Stock which they control in favor of such designee. The Coca‑Cola Company does not own any shares of Class B Common Stock of the Company.
 
The following table and the subsequent descriptions summarize the significant transactions between the Company and The Coca‑Cola Company:
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
(in thousands)	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	
Payments made by the Company to The Coca-Cola Company for:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Concentrate, syrup, sweetener and other purchases	 	$	669,783	 	 	$	482,673	 	 	$	423,983	 	
Customer marketing programs	 	 	116,537	 	 	 	70,754	 	 	 	61,106	 	
Cold drink equipment parts	 	 	21,558	 	 	 	16,260	 	 	 	7,654	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Payments made by The Coca-Cola Company to the Company for:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Marketing funding support payments	 	$	73,513	 	 	$	56,284	 	 	$	46,492	 	
Fountain delivery and equipment repair fees	 	 	27,624	 	 	 	17,400	 	 	 	13,530	 	
Presence marketing funding support on the Company’s behalf	 	 	2,064	 	 	 	2,415	 	 	 	5,848	 	
Facilitating the distribution of certain brands and packages to other Coca-Cola bottlers	 	 	7,193	 	 	 	4,670	 	 	 	3,904	 	
 
Coca‑Cola Refreshments USA, Inc. (“CCR”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of The Coca‑Cola Company
 
The Company has a production arrangement with CCR to buy and sell finished products at cost. In addition, the Company transports product for CCR to the Company’s and other Coca-Cola bottlers’ locations. The following table summarizes purchases and sales under these arrangements between the Company and CCR:
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
(in thousands)	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	
Purchases from CCR	 	$	269,575	 	 	$	229,954	 	 	$	68,819	 	
Sales to CCR	 	 	72,568	 	 	 	30,500	 	 	 	53,543	 	
Sales to CCR for transporting CCR's product	 	 	21,940	 	 	 	16,523	 	 	 	2,917	 	
 
Prior to the sale of BYB to The Coca‑Cola Company, CCR distributed one of the Company’s brands, Tum-E Yummies. During the third quarter of 2015, the Company sold BYB, the subsidiary that owned and distributed Tum-E Yummies to The Coca‑Cola Company and recorded a gain of $22.7 million on the sale. The Company continues to distribute Tum-E Yummies following the sale. Total sales to CCR for Tum-E Yummies were $14.8 million in 2015 and $22.0 million in 2014.
 
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As discussed above in Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company and CCR have entered into, and closed the following asset purchase agreements relating to certain territories previously served by CCR’s facilities and equipment located in these territories:
 
Expansion Territories	 	Definitive
Agreement Date	 	Acquisition /
Exchange Date	
Johnson City and Morristown, Tennessee	 	May 7, 2014	 	May 23, 2014	
Knoxville, Tennessee	 	August 28, 2014	 	October 24, 2014	
Cleveland and Cookeville, Tennessee	 	December 5, 2014	 	January 30, 2015	
Louisville, Kentucky and Evansville, Indiana	 	December 17, 2014	 	February 27, 2015	
Paducah and Pikeville, Kentucky	 	February 13, 2015	 	May 1, 2015	
Norfolk, Fredericksburg and Staunton, Virginia and Elizabeth City, North Carolina	 	September 23, 2015	 	October 30, 2015	
Easton and Salisbury, Maryland and Richmond and Yorktown, Virginia	 	September 23, 2015	 	January 29, 2016	
Alexandria, Virginia and Capitol Heights and La Plata, Maryland	 	September 23, 2015	 	April 1, 2016	
Baltimore, Hagerstown and Cumberland, Maryland	 	September 23, 2015	 	April 29, 2016	
Cincinnati, Dayton, Lima and Portsmouth, Ohio and Louisa, Kentucky	 	September 1, 2016	 	October 28, 2016	
 	 	 	 	 	
Regional Manufacturing Facilities	 	Definitive
Agreement Date	 	Acquisition Date	
Sandston, Virginia	 	October 30, 2015	 	January 29, 2016	
Silver Spring and Baltimore, Maryland	 	October 30, 2015	 	April 29, 2016	
Cincinnati, Ohio	 	September 1, 2016	 	October 28, 2016	
 
As part of the distribution territory closings under these asset purchase agreements, the Company signed CBAs which have terms of ten years and are renewable by the Company indefinitely for successive additional terms of ten years each unless earlier terminated as provided therein. Under the CBAs, the Company makes a quarterly sub-bottling payment to CCR on a continuing basis for the grant of exclusive rights to distribute, promote, market and sell the authorized brands of The Coca‑Cola Company and related products in the Expansion Territories. The quarterly sub-bottling payment will be based on sales of certain beverages and beverage products that are sold under the same trademarks that identify a covered beverage, beverage product or certain cross-licensed brands. The liability recorded by the Company to reflect the estimated fair value of contingent consideration related to future sub-bottling payments was $253.4 million as of January 1, 2017, and $136.6 million as of January 3, 2016. Payments to CCR under the CBAs were $13.5 million, $4.0 million and $0.2 million during 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively.
 
On October 17, 2014, the Company entered into an asset exchange agreement with CCR, pursuant to which the Company exchanged its facilities and equipment located in Jackson, Tennessee for territory previously served by CCR’s facilities and equipment located in Lexington, Kentucky. This transaction closed on May 1, 2015.
 
As part of the Expansion Transactions, on October 30, 2015, the Company acquired from CCR a “make-ready center” in Annapolis, Maryland for $5.4 million, which includes all post-closing adjustments. The Company recorded a bargain purchase gain of $2.0 million on this transaction after applying a deferred tax liability of approximately $1.3 million. The Company uses the make-ready center to deploy and refurbish vending and other sales equipment for use in the marketplace.
 
Coca‑Cola Bottlers’ Sales and Services Company, LLC (“CCBSS”)
 
Along with all other Coca‑Cola bottlers in the United States, including CCR, the Company is a member of CCBSS. CCBSS was formed in 2003 for the purpose of facilitating various procurement functions and distributing certain specified beverage products of The Coca‑Cola Company with the intention of enhancing the efficiency and competitiveness of the Coca‑Cola bottling system in the United States.
 
CCBSS negotiates the procurement for the majority of the Company’s raw materials, excluding concentrate, and the Company receives a rebate from CCBSS for the purchase of these raw materials. As of January 1, 2017 and January 3, 2016, the Company had rebates due from CCBSS of $7.4 million and $5.9 million, respectively.
 
In addition, the Company pays an administrative fee to CCBSS for its services. In 2016, 2015 and 2014, the Company incurred $1.3 million, $0.7 million, and $0.5 million in administrative fees to CCBSS, respectively.
 
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National Product Supply Group (“NPSG”)
 
In October 2015, the Company, The Coca‑Cola Company and three other Coca‑Cola bottlers, including CCR, who are considered “Regional Producing Bottlers” (“RPBs”) in The Coca‑Cola Company’s national product supply system, entered into the NPSG Governance Agreement. Pursuant to the NPSG Governance Agreement, The Coca‑Cola Company and the RPBs have formed a national product supply group (the “NPSG”) and agreed to certain binding governance mechanisms, including a governing board (the “NPSG Board”) comprised of a representative of (i) the Company, (ii) The Coca‑Cola Company and (iii) each other RPB. As The Coca‑Cola Company continues its multi-year refranchising effort of its North American bottling territories, additional RPBs may be added to the NPSG Board. As of January 2017, the NPSG Board consisted of The Coca‑Cola‑Company, the Company and five other RPBs, including CCR.
 
The stated objectives of the NPSG include, among others, (i) Coca‑Cola system strategic infrastructure investment and divestment planning; (ii) network optimization of all plant to distribution center sourcing; and (iii) new product/packaging infrastructure planning. The NPSG Board makes and/or oversees and directs certain key decisions regarding the NPSG, including decisions regarding the management and staffing of the NPSG and the funding for its ongoing operations. The Company is obligated to pay a certain portion of the costs of operating the NPSG. Pursuant to the decisions of the NPSG Board made from time to time and subject to the terms and conditions of the NPSG Governance Agreement, the Company and each other Regional Producing Bottler will make investments in their respective manufacturing assets and will implement Coca‑Cola system strategic investment opportunities consistent with the NPSG Governance Agreement.
 
CONA Services LLC (“CONA”)
 
The Company is a member of CONA, an entity formed with The Coca‑Cola Company and certain Coca‑Cola bottlers to provide business process and information technology services to its members. Under the CONA limited liability agreement executed January 27, 2016 (as amended or restated from time to time, the “CONA LLC Agreement”), the Company and other members of CONA are required to make capital contributions to CONA if and when approved by CONA’s board of directors, which is comprised of representatives of the members. The Company currently has the right to designate one of the members of CONA’s board of directors and has a percentage interest in CONA of approximately 19%. During 2016, the Company made $7.9 million of capital contributions to CONA.
 
The Company is a party to a Master Services Agreement (the “Master Services Agreement”) with CONA, pursuant to which CONA agreed to make available, and the Company became authorized to use, the Coke One North America system (the “CONA System”), a uniform information technology system developed to promote operational efficiency and uniformity among North American Coca‑Cola bottlers. Pursuant to the Master Services Agreement, CONA agreed to make available, and authorized the Company to use, the CONA System in connection with the distribution, sale, marketing and promotion of non-alcoholic beverages the Company is authorized to distribute under its comprehensive beverage agreements or any other agreement with The Coca‑Cola Company (the “Beverages”) in the territories the Company serves (the “Territories”), subject to the provisions of the CONA LLC Agreement and any licenses or other agreements relating to products or services provided by third-parties and used in connection with the CONA System.
 
As part of making the CONA System available to the Company, CONA will provide certain business process and information technology services to the Company, including the planning, development, management and operation of the CONA System in connection with the Company’s direct store delivery of products (collectively, the “CONA Services”). In exchange for the Company’s right to use the CONA System and right to receive the CONA Services under the Master Services Agreement, the Company will be charged quarterly service fees by CONA based on the number of physical cases of Beverages distributed by the Company during the applicable period in the Territories where the CONA Services have been implemented (the “Service Fees”). Upon the earlier of (i) all members of CONA beginning to use the CONA System in all territories in which they distribute products of The Coca‑Cola Company (excluding certain territories of CCR that are expected to be sold to bottlers that are neither members of CONA nor users of the CONA System), or (ii) December 31, 2018, the Service Fees will be changed to be an amount per physical case of Beverages distributed in any portion of the Territories equal to the aggregate costs incurred by CONA to maintain and operate the CONA System and provide the CONA Services divided by the total number of cases distributed by all of the members of CONA, subject to certain exceptions. The Company is obligated to pay the Service Fees under the Master Services Agreement even if it is not using the CONA System for all or any portion of its operations in the Territories. During 2016, the Company incurred CONA Service Fees of $7.5 million.
 
Snyder Production Center (“SPC”)
 
The Company leases the SPC and an adjacent sales facility, which are located in Charlotte, North Carolina, from Harrison Limited Partnership One (“HLP”). HLP is directly and indirectly owned by trusts of which J. Frank Harrison, III, Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, Sue Anne H. Wells, a director of the Company, and Deborah H. Everhart, a
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former director of the Company, are trustees and beneficiaries. Morgan H. Everett, a director of the Company, is a permissible, discretionary beneficiary of the trusts that directly or indirectly own HLP. The SPC lease expires on December 31, 2020. The principal balance outstanding under this capital lease as of January 1, 2017 was $14.7 million and as of January 3, 2016 was $17.5 million. The annual base rent the Company is obligated to pay under the lease is subject to an adjustment for an inflation factor. Rental payments related to this lease were $4.0 million, $3.8 million and $3.7 million in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively.
 
Company Headquarters
 
The Company leases its headquarters office facility and an adjacent office facility from Beacon Investment Corporation (“Beacon”). The lease expires on December 31, 2021. J. Frank Harrison, III is Beacon’s majority shareholder and Morgan H. Everett is a minority shareholder. The principal balance outstanding under this capital lease as of January 1, 2017 was $15.5 million and as of January 3, 2016 was $18.1 million. The annual base rent the Company is obligated to pay under the lease is subject to adjustment for increases in the Consumer Price Index.
 
The minimum rentals and contingent rental payments related to this lease were as follows:
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
(in thousands)	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	
Minimum rentals	 	$	3,526	 	 	$	3,540	 	 	$	3,539	 	
Contingent rentals	 	 	767	 	 	 	682	 	 	 	618	 	
Total rental payments	 	$	4,293	 	 	$	4,222	 	 	$	4,157	 	
 
The contingent rentals in 2016, 2015 and 2014 are a result of changes in the Consumer Price Index. Increases or decreases in lease payments that result from changes in the Consumer Price Index were recorded as adjustments to interest expense.
 
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20.	Net Income Per Share	
 
The following table sets forth the computation of basic net income per share and diluted net income per share under the two-class method. See Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements for additional information related to net income per share.
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
(in thousands, except per share data)	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	
Numerator for basic and diluted net income per Common Stock and Class B Common Stock share:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net income attributable to Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated	 	$	50,146	 	 	$	59,002	 	 	$	31,354	 	
Less dividends:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Common Stock	 	 	7,141	 	 	 	7,141	 	 	 	7,141	 	
Class B Common Stock	 	 	2,166	 	 	 	2,146	 	 	 	2,125	 	
Total undistributed earnings	 	$	40,839	 	 	$	49,715	 	 	$	22,088	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Common Stock undistributed earnings – basic	 	$	31,328	 	 	$	38,223	 	 	$	17,021	 	
Class B Common Stock undistributed earnings – basic	 	 	9,511	 	 	 	11,492	 	 	 	5,067	 	
Total undistributed earnings	 	$	40,839	 	 	$	49,715	 	 	$	22,088	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Common Stock undistributed earnings – diluted	 	$	31,194	 	 	$	38,059	 	 	$	16,948	 	
Class B Common Stock undistributed earnings – diluted	 	 	9,645	 	 	 	11,656	 	 	 	5,140	 	
Total undistributed earnings – diluted	 	$	40,839	 	 	$	49,715	 	 	$	22,088	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Numerator for basic net income per Common Stock share:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Dividends on Common Stock	 	$	7,141	 	 	$	7,141	 	 	$	7,141	 	
Common Stock undistributed earnings – basic	 	 	31,328	 	 	 	38,223	 	 	 	17,021	 	
Numerator for basic net income per Common Stock share	 	$	38,469	 	 	$	45,364	 	 	$	24,162	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Numerator for basic net income per Class B Common Stock share:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Dividends on Class B Common Stock	 	$	2,166	 	 	$	2,146	 	 	$	2,125	 	
Class B Common Stock undistributed earnings – basic	 	 	9,511	 	 	 	11,492	 	 	 	5,067	 	
Numerator for basic net income per Class B Common Stock share	 	$	11,677	 	 	$	13,638	 	 	$	7,192	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Numerator for diluted net income per Common Stock share:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Dividends on Common Stock	 	$	7,141	 	 	$	7,141	 	 	$	7,141	 	
Dividends on Class B Common Stock assumed converted to Common Stock	 	 	2,166	 	 	 	2,146	 	 	 	2,125	 	
Common Stock undistributed earnings – diluted	 	 	40,839	 	 	 	49,715	 	 	 	22,088	 	
Numerator for diluted net income per Common Stock share	 	$	50,146	 	 	$	59,002	 	 	$	31,354	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Numerator for diluted net income per Class B Common Stock share:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Dividends on Class B Common Stock	 	$	2,166	 	 	$	2,146	 	 	$	2,125	 	
Class B Common Stock undistributed earnings – diluted	 	 	9,645	 	 	 	11,656	 	 	 	5,140	 	
Numerator for diluted net income per Class B Common Stock share	 	$	11,811	 	 	$	13,802	 	 	$	7,265	 	
 
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 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
(in thousands, except per share data)	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	
Denominator for basic net income per Common Stock and Class B Common Stock share:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Common Stock weighted average shares outstanding – basic	 	 	7,141	 	 	 	7,141	 	 	 	7,141	 	
Class B Common Stock weighted average shares outstanding – basic	 	 	2,168	 	 	 	2,147	 	 	 	2,126	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Denominator for diluted net income per Common Stock and Class B Common Stock share:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Common Stock weighted average shares outstanding – diluted (assumes conversion of Class B Common Stock to Common Stock)	 	 	9,349	 	 	 	9,328	 	 	 	9,307	 	
Class B Common Stock weighted average shares outstanding – diluted	 	 	2,208	 	 	 	2,187	 	 	 	2,166	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Basic net income per share:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Common Stock	 	$	5.39	 	 	$	6.35	 	 	$	3.38	 	
Class B Common Stock	 	$	5.39	 	 	$	6.35	 	 	$	3.38	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Diluted net income per share:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Common Stock	 	$	5.36	 	 	$	6.33	 	 	$	3.37	 	
Class B Common Stock	 	$	5.35	 	 	$	6.31	 	 	$	3.35	 	
 
NOTES TO TABLE
 
(1)	For purposes of the diluted net income per share computation for Common Stock, shares of Class B Common Stock are assumed to be converted; therefore, 100% of undistributed earnings is allocated to Common Stock.	

(2)	For purposes of the diluted net income per share computation for Class B Common Stock, weighted average shares of Class B Common Stock are assumed to be outstanding for the entire period and not converted.	

(3)	Denominator for diluted net income per share for Common Stock and Class B Common Stock includes the diluted effect of shares relative to the Performance Unit Award.	
 
21.	Risks and Uncertainties	
 
Approximately 90% of the Company’s 2016 bottle/can volume to retail customers consists of products of The Coca‑Cola Company, which is the sole supplier of these products or of the concentrates or syrups required to manufacture these products. The remaining 10% of the Company’s 2016 bottle/can volume to retail customers consists of products of other beverage companies or those owned by the Company. The Company has beverage agreements with The Coca‑Cola Company and other beverage companies under which it has various requirements. Failure to meet the requirements of these beverage agreements could result in the loss of distribution rights for the respective products.
 
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The Company’s products are sold and distributed through various channels in the United States, including selling directly to retail stores and other outlets such as food markets, institutional accounts and vending machine outlets. During 2016, approximately 66% of the Company’s bottle/can volume to retail customers was sold for future consumption, while the remainder was sold for immediate consumption. The following table summarizes the percentage of the Company’s total bottle/can volume and the percentage of the Company’s total net sales, which are all included in the Nonalcoholic Beverages operating segment, attributable to its largest customers. No other customer represented greater than 10% of the Company’s total net sales for any years presented.
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
Customer	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	
Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Approximate percent of the Company's total Bottle/can volume	 	 	20	%	 	 	22	%	 	 	22	%	
Approximate percent of the Company's total Net sales	 	 	14	%	 	 	15	%	 	 	15	%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Food Lion, LLC	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Approximate percent of the Company's total Bottle/can volume	 	 	8	%	 	 	7	%	 	 	9	%	
Approximate percent of the Company's total Net sales	 	 	5	%	 	 	5	%	 	 	6	%	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
The Kroger Company	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Approximate percent of the Company's total Bottle/can volume	 	 	6	%	 	 	6	%	 	 	5	%	
Approximate percent of the Company's total Net sales	 	 	5	%	 	 	5	%	 	 	4	%	
 
The NPSG was executed in October 2015 by The Coca‑Cola Company, the Company and other RPBs in The Coca‑Cola Company’s national product supply system. The Coca‑Cola Company and each member RPB has a representative on the governing board (the “NPSG Board”). As of January 2017, the NPSG Board consisted of The Coca‑Cola‑Company, the Company and five other RPBs, including CCR. Pursuant to the NPSG Governance Agreement, the Company has agreed to abide by decisions made by the NPSG Board, which include decisions regarding strategic investment and divestment, optimal national product supply sourcing and new product or packaging infrastructure planning. Even though the Company has a representative on the NPSG Board, the Company will not exercise sole decision-making authority relating to the decisions of the NPSG Board, and the interests of other members of the NPSG Board may diverge from those of the Company.
 
The Company obtains all its aluminum cans from two domestic suppliers. The Company currently obtains all its plastic bottles from two domestic entities. See Note 14 and Note 19 of the consolidated financial statements for additional information.
 
The Company is exposed to price risk on commodities such as aluminum, corn and resin which affects the cost of raw materials used in the production of finished products. The Company both produces and procures these finished products. Examples of the raw materials affected are aluminum cans and plastic bottles used for packaging and high fructose corn syrup used as a product ingredient. Further, the Company is exposed to commodity price risk on crude oil which impacts the Company’s cost of fuel used in the movement and delivery of the Company’s products. The Company participates in commodity hedging and risk mitigation programs administered both by CCBSS and by the Company. In addition, there is no limit on the price The Coca‑Cola Company and other beverage companies can charge for concentrate.
 
Certain liabilities of the Company, including floating rate debt, retirement benefit obligations and the Company’s pension liability, are subject to risk of changes in both long-term and short-term interest rates.
 
The Company’s contingent consideration liability resulting from the acquisition of the Expansion Territories is subject to risk as a result of changes in the Company’s probability weighted discounted cash flow model, which is based on internal forecasts, and changes in the Company’s WACC, which is derived from market data.
 
Approximately 9% of the Company’s labor force is covered by collective bargaining agreements. The Company’s collective bargaining agreements expire at various dates through 2020. Terms and conditions of the new labor union agreements could result in delays of closings for new Expansion Territories and also increases the Company’s exposure to work interruptions or stoppages, as an increased percentage of its workforce is covered by collective bargaining agreements.
 
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22.	Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information	
 
Changes in current assets and current liabilities affecting cash were as follows:
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
(in thousands)	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	
Accounts receivable, trade, net	 	$	(83,204	)	 	$	(62,542	)	 	$	(20,116	)	
Accounts receivable from The Coca-Cola Company	 	 	(31,231	)	 	 	(5,258	)	 	 	(4,892	)	
Accounts receivable, other	 	 	(5,723	)	 	 	(9,543	)	 	 	605	 	
Inventories	 	 	(8,301	)	 	 	(13,849	)	 	 	(5,287	)	
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	 	 	2,277	 	 	 	(6,264	)	 	 	(15,155	)	
Accounts payable, trade	 	 	32,186	 	 	 	21,728	 	 	 	13,051	 	
Accounts payable to The Coca-Cola Company	 	 	39,842	 	 	 	26,769	 	 	 	25,116	 	
Other accrued liabilities	 	 	6,474	 	 	 	24,784	 	 	 	(14,399	)	
Accrued compensation	 	 	7,613	 	 	 	6,087	 	 	 	5,145	 	
Accrued interest payable	 	 	158	 	 	 	(174	)	 	 	(399	)	
Change in current assets less current liabilities (exclusive of acquisition)	 	$	(39,909	)	 	$	(18,262	)	 	$	(16,331	)	
 
The Company had the following cash payments (refunds) during the period for interest and income taxes:
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
(in thousands)	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	
Interest	 	$	34,764	 	 	$	27,391	 	 	$	28,021	 	
Income Taxes	 	 	(7,111	)	 	 	31,782	 	 	 	31,009	 	
 
23.	Segments	
 
The Company evaluates segment reporting in accordance with the FASB Accounting Standards Codification 280, Segment Reporting each reporting period, including evaluating the reporting package reviewed by the Chief Operation Decision Maker (“CODM”). The Company has concluded the Chief Executive Officer, Chief Operating Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as a group, represent the CODM.
 
The Company believes four operating segments exist. Following the sale of BYB during the third quarter of fiscal 2015, two operating segments, Franchised Nonalcoholic Beverages and Internally-Developed Nonalcoholic Beverages (made up entirely of BYB), were aggregated due to their similar economic characteristics as well as the similarity of products, production processes, types of customers, methods of distribution, and nature of the regulatory environment. This combined segment, Nonalcoholic Beverages, represents the vast majority of the Company’s consolidated revenues, operating income, and assets. The remaining three operating segments do not meet the quantitative thresholds for separate reporting, either individually or in the aggregate. As a result, these three operating segments have been combined into an “All Other” reportable segment.
 
111

 
The Company’s results for its two reportable segments are as follows:
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
(in thousands)	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	
Net Sales:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Nonalcoholic Beverages	 	$	3,060,937	 	 	$	2,245,836	 	 	$	1,710,040	 	
All Other	 	 	234,732	 	 	 	160,191	 	 	 	123,194	 	
Eliminations*	 	 	(139,241	)	 	 	(99,569	)	 	 	(86,865	)	
Consolidated net sales	 	$	3,156,428	 	 	$	2,306,458	 	 	$	1,746,369	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Operating Income:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Nonalcoholic Beverages	 	$	123,230	 	 	$	92,921	 	 	$	82,297	 	
All Other	 	 	4,629	 	 	 	5,223	 	 	 	3,670	 	
Consolidated operating income	 	$	127,859	 	 	$	98,144	 	 	$	85,967	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Depreciation and Amortization:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Nonalcoholic Beverages	 	$	109,716	 	 	$	76,127	 	 	$	58,103	 	
All Other	 	 	6,907	 	 	 	4,769	 	 	 	3,027	 	
Consolidated depreciation and amortization	 	$	116,623	 	 	$	80,896	 	 	$	61,130	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Capital Expenditures:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Nonalcoholic Beverages	 	$	144,462	 	 	$	141,080	 	 	$	69,635	 	
All Other	 	 	29,822	 	 	 	27,627	 	 	 	16,739	 	
Consolidated capital expenditures	 	$	174,284	 	 	$	168,707	 	 	$	86,374	 	
 
(in thousands)	 	January 1, 2017	 	 	January 3, 2016	 	
Total Assets:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Nonalcoholic Beverages	 	$	2,349,284	 	 	$	1,804,084	 	
All Other	 	 	105,785	 	 	 	75,842	 	
Eliminations*	 	 	(5,585	)	 	 	(33,361	)	
Consolidated total assets	 	$	2,449,484	 	 	$	1,846,565	 	
 
*	NOTE: The entire net sales elimination for each year presented represents net sales from the All Other segment to the Nonalcoholic Beverages segment. Sales between these segments are either recognized at fair market value or cost depending on the nature of the transaction. Asset eliminations relate to eliminations of intercompany receivables and payables between the Nonalcoholic Beverages and All Other segments.	
 
The Company is a shareholder of SAC and Southeastern. See Note 14 to the consolidated financial statements for additional information on the revenues and assets of these entities, which are included in the Nonalcoholic beverages segment results.
 
112

 
Net sales by product category were as follows:
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
(in thousands)	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	
Bottle/can sales*:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Sparkling beverages (carbonated)	 	$	1,764,558	 	 	$	1,323,712	 	 	$	1,064,036	 	
Still beverages (noncarbonated, including energy products)	 	 	892,125	 	 	 	577,872	 	 	 	339,904	 	
Total bottle/can sales	 	 	2,656,683	 	 	 	1,901,584	 	 	 	1,403,940	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Other sales:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Sales to other Coca-Cola bottlers	 	 	238,182	 	 	 	178,777	 	 	 	162,346	 	
Post-mix and other	 	 	261,563	 	 	 	226,097	 	 	 	180,083	 	
Total other sales	 	 	499,745	 	 	 	404,874	 	 	 	342,429	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Total net sales	 	$	3,156,428	 	 	$	2,306,458	 	 	$	1,746,369	 	
 
*	NOTE:  During the second quarter of 2016, energy products were moved from the category of sparkling beverages to still beverages, which has been reflected in all periods presented. Total bottle/can sales remain unchanged in prior periods.	
 
24.	Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)	
 
The unaudited quarterly financial data for the fiscal years ended January 1, 2017 and January 3, 2016 is included in the tables shown below. Excluding the impact of Expansion Transactions completed during the fiscal year, sales volume has historically been the highest in the second and third quarter of each fiscal year. Additional meaningful financial information is included in the table following each presented period.
 
 	 	Quarter Ended	 	
(in thousands, except per share data)	 	April 3,
2016	 	 	July 3,
2016	 	 	October 2,
2016	 	 	January 1,
2017	 	
Net sales	 	$	625,456	 	 	$	840,384	 	 	$	849,028	 	 	$	841,560	 	
Gross profit	 	 	243,898	 	 	 	319,707	 	 	 	327,190	 	 	 	324,927	 	
Net income (loss) attributable to Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated	 	 	(10,041	)	 	 	15,652	 	 	 	23,142	 	 	 	21,393	 	
Basic net income (loss) per share based on net income attributable to Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Common Stock	 	$	(1.08	)	 	$	1.68	 	 	$	2.48	 	 	$	2.31	 	
Class B Common Stock	 	$	(1.08	)	 	$	1.68	 	 	$	2.48	 	 	$	2.31	 	
Diluted net income (loss) per share based on net income attributable to Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Common Stock	 	$	(1.08	)	 	$	1.67	 	 	$	2.47	 	 	$	2.30	 	
Class B Common Stock	 	$	(1.08	)	 	$	1.67	 	 	$	2.47	 	 	$	2.29	 	
 
113

 
Additional Information:	 	Quarter Ended	 	
(in thousands, except per share data)	 	April 3,
2016	 	 	July 3,
2016	 	 	October 2,
2016	 	 	January 1,
2017	 	
Mark-to-market income/(expense) related to commodity hedging program:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Pre-tax total income/(expense)	 	$	1,039	 	 	$	2,770	 	 	$	388	 	 	$	531	 	
Income/(expense) net of tax	 	 	641	 	 	 	1,701	 	 	 	239	 	 	 	327	 	
Income/(expense) per basic common share	 	$	0.06	 	 	$	0.18	 	 	$	0.03	 	 	$	0.04	 	
2016 Expansion Transactions, 2015 Expansion Territories and 2015 Asset Exchange impact:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net sales impact	 	$	142,467	 	 	$	287,092	 	 	$	298,313	 	 	$	333,897	 	
Pre-tax income impact	 	 	1,287	 	 	 	15,974	 	 	 	2,432	 	 	 	4,587	 	
Net income impact	 	 	808	 	 	 	9,808	 	 	 	1,495	 	 	 	2,821	 	
Per basic common share impact	 	$	0.09	 	 	$	1.05	 	 	$	0.16	 	 	$	0.30	 	
Expenses related to Expansion Transactions:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Pre-tax total expense	 	$	6,423	 	 	$	7,005	 	 	$	9,780	 	 	$	9,066	 	
Expense net of tax	 	 	3,957	 	 	 	4,301	 	 	 	6,015	 	 	 	5,576	 	
Expense per basic common share	 	$	0.43	 	 	$	0.46	 	 	$	0.64	 	 	$	0.60	 	
Expense related to special charitable contribution:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Pre-tax total expense	 	$	4,000	 	 	$	-	 	 	$	-	 	 	$	-	 	
Expense net of tax	 	 	2,460	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	
Expense per basic common share	 	$	0.26	 	 	$	-	 	 	$	-	 	 	$	-	 	
Reduction of gain related to exchange of franchise territories:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Pre-tax total adjustment	 	$	-	 	 	$	692	 	 	$	-	 	 	$	-	 	
Adjustment net of tax	 	 	-	 	 	 	426	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	
Adjustment per basic common share	 	$	-	 	 	$	0.05	 	 	$	-	 	 	$	-	 	
Fair value income/(expense) for acquisition related contingent consideration:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Pre-tax total income/(expense)	 	$	(17,151	)	 	$	(16,274	)	 	$	7,365	 	 	$	27,970	 	
Income/(expense) net of tax	 	 	(10,565	)	 	 	(9,992	)	 	 	4,530	 	 	 	17,202	 	
Income/(expense) per basic common share	 	$	(1.13	)	 	$	(1.07	)	 	$	0.48	 	 	$	1.85	 	
 
 	 	Quarter Ended	 	
(in thousands, except per share data)	 	March 29,
2015	 	 	June 28,
2015	 	 	September 27,
2015	 	 	January 3,
2016	 	
Net sales	 	$	453,253	 	 	$	614,683	 	 	$	618,806	 	 	$	619,716	 	
Gross profit	 	 	184,373	 	 	 	237,317	 	 	 	238,536	 	 	 	240,806	 	
Net income attributable to Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated	 	 	2,224	 	 	 	26,934	 	 	 	25,553	 	 	 	4,291	 	
Basic net income per share based on net income attributable to Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Common Stock	 	$	0.24	 	 	$	2.90	 	 	$	2.75	 	 	$	0.46	 	
Class B Common Stock	 	$	0.24	 	 	$	2.90	 	 	$	2.75	 	 	$	0.46	 	
Diluted net income per share based on net income attributable to Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Common Stock	 	$	0.24	 	 	$	2.89	 	 	$	2.74	 	 	$	0.46	 	
Class B Common Stock	 	$	0.23	 	 	$	2.88	 	 	$	2.73	 	 	$	0.46	 	
 
114

 
Additional Information:	 	Quarter Ended	 	
(in thousands, except per share data)	 	March 29,
2015	 	 	June 28,
2015	 	 	September 27,
2015	 	 	January 3,
2016	 	
Mark-to-market income/(expense) related to commodity hedging program:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Pre-tax total income/(expense)	 	$	643	 	 	$	(749	)	 	$	(2,130	)	 	$	(1,203	)	
Income/(expense) net of tax	 	 	395	 	 	 	(460	)	 	 	(1,308	)	 	 	(739	)	
Income/(expense) per basic common share	 	$	0.05	 	 	$	(0.05	)	 	$	(0.14	)	 	$	(0.08	)	
2015 Expansion Territories and 2015 Asset Exchange impact:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net sales impact	 	$	31,622	 	 	$	85,232	 	 	$	89,762	 	 	$	103,371	 	
Pre-tax income/(loss) impact	 	 	2,899	 	 	 	5,067	 	 	 	1,020	 	 	 	(2,399	)	
Net income/(loss) impact	 	 	1,780	 	 	 	3,112	 	 	 	626	 	 	 	(1,473	)	
Per basic common share impact	 	$	0.18	 	 	$	0.34	 	 	$	0.07	 	 	$	(0.16	)	
Expenses related to Expansion Transactions:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Pre-tax total expense	 	$	2,994	 	 	$	4,252	 	 	$	6,947	 	 	$	5,789	 	
Expense net of tax	 	 	1,839	 	 	 	2,611	 	 	 	4,265	 	 	 	3,554	 	
Expense per basic common share	 	$	0.20	 	 	$	0.28	 	 	$	0.46	 	 	$	0.38	 	
Gain related to the Asset Exchange Transaction:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Pre-tax gain	 	$	-	 	 	$	8,807	 	 	$	-	 	 	$	-	 	
Gain net of tax	 	 	-	 	 	 	5,407	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	
Gain per basic common share	 	$	-	 	 	$	0.58	 	 	$	-	 	 	$	-	 	
Gain related to the sale of BYB:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Pre-tax gain	 	$	-	 	 	$	-	 	 	$	22,651	 	 	$	-	 	
Gain net of tax	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	13,908	 	 	 	-	 	
Gain per basic common share	 	$	-	 	 	$	-	 	 	$	1.49	 	 	$	-	 	
Results of 53rd week in fiscal year:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Net sales impact	 	$	-	 	 	$	-	 	 	$	-	 	 	$	38,587	 	
Pre-tax income impact	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	4,022	 	
Net income impact	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	2,416	 	
Per basic common share impact	 	$	-	 	 	$	-	 	 	$	-	 	 	$	0.26	 	
Bargain purchase gain related to the purchase of Annapolis MRC:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Pre-tax bargain purchase gain	 	$	-	 	 	$	-	 	 	$	-	 	 	$	3,276	 	
Bargain purchase gain net of tax	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	2,011	 	
Bargain purchase gain per basic common share	 	$	-	 	 	$	-	 	 	$	-	 	 	$	0.22	 	
Fair value income/(expense) for acquisition related contingent consideration:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Pre-tax total income/(expense)	 	$	(5,089	)	 	$	6,078	 	 	$	(3,992	)	 	$	(573	)	
Income/(expense) net of tax	 	 	(3,125	)	 	 	3,732	 	 	 	(2,451	)	 	 	(352	)	
Income/(expense) per basic common share	 	$	(0.34	)	 	$	0.40	 	 	$	(0.26	)	 	$	(0.04	)	
Favorable pre-tax correction related to the calculation of certain state gross receipts taxes:	 	$	-	 	 	$	-	 	 	$	-	 	 	$	2,400	 	
 
25.	Subsequent Events	
 
On January 27, 2017, the Company completed the second territory expansion transaction contemplated by the September 2016 Distribution APA, through which the Company acquired from CCR distribution assets and working capital related to the distribution territories located in Indiana and Illinois served by distribution facilities located in Anderson, Fort Wayne, Lafayette, South Bend and Terre Haute, Indiana. At closing, the Company paid a cash purchase price of $31.6 million, which will remain subject to adjustment in accordance with the terms of the September 2016 Distribution APA, and executed an Initial CBA providing the Company with exclusive rights for the distribution, promotion, marketing and sale of products owned and licensed by The Coca‑Cola Company in such territories.
 
The Company has not completed the preliminary allocation of the purchase price to the individual acquired assets and assumed liabilities for the transaction described above. The transaction will be accounted for as a business combination under FASB ASC Accounting Standards Codification 805.
 
115

 
On February 27, 2017, the Company sold $125 million aggregate principal amount of senior unsecured notes due 2023 to PGIM, Inc. (“Prudential”) and certain of its affiliates pursuant to the Note Purchase and Private Shelf Agreement dated June 10, 2016 between the Company, PGIM, Inc. and the other parties thereto. These notes bear interest at 3.28%, payable semi-annually in arrears on February 27 and August 27 of each year, and will mature on February 27, 2023 unless earlier redeemed by the Company. The Company expects to use the proceeds for general corporate purposes. As of the date of this filing, the Company may request that Prudential consider the purchase of additional senior unsecured notes of the Company under the facility in an aggregate principal amount of up to $175 million.
 
116

 
Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
 
Management of Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated (the “Company”) is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act. The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed under the supervision of the Company’s chief executive and chief financial officers to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements for external purposes in accordance with the U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. The Company’s internal control over financial reporting includes policies and procedures that:
 
(i)	pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect transactions and dispositions of assets of the Company;	

(ii)	provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and the directors of the Company; and	

(iii)	provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements.	
 
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect all misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate due to changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
 
As of January 1, 2017, management assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on the framework established in  Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013)  issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Based on this assessment, management determined that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of January 1, 2017 was effective.
 
The effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of January 1, 2017, has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, which is included in Item 8 of this report.

 
March 14, 2017
117

 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
 
To Board of Directors and Stockholders of Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated
 
In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, cash flows, and stockholders’ equity present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated and its subsidiaries at January 1, 2017 and January 3, 2016, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended January 1, 2017 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. In addition, in our opinion, the financial statement schedule listed in the index appearing under Item 15(a)(2) presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein when read in conjunction with the related consolidated financial statements. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of January 1, 2017, based on criteria established in  Internal Control - Integrated Framework  (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The Company's management is responsible for these financial statements and financial statement schedule, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express opinions on these financial statements, on the financial statement schedule and on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our integrated audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audits of the financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.
 
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
 
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

 
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Charlotte, North Carolina
March 14, 2017
118

 
The financial statement schedule required by Regulation S-X is set forth in response to Item 15 below.
 
The supplementary data required by Item 302 of Regulation S-K is set forth in Note 24 to the consolidated financial statements.
 
Item 9.	Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure	
 
Not applicable.
 
Item 9A.	Controls and Procedures	
 
As of the end of the period covered by this report, the Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s “disclosure controls and procedures” (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”)) pursuant to Rule 13a-15(b) of the Exchange Act. Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of January 1, 2017.
 
Management’s report on internal control over financial reporting required by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, on the financial statements, and its opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of January 1, 2017 are included in Item 8 of this report.
 
There has been no change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended January 1, 2017 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
 
Item 9B.	Other Information	
 
Not applicable.
119

 
PART III
 
Item 10.	Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance	
 
For information with respect to the executive officers of the Company, see “Executive Officers of the Company” included as a separate item at the end of Part I of this Report. For information with respect to the Directors of the Company, see the “Proposal 1: Election of Directors” section of the Proxy Statement for the 2017 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the “2017 Proxy Statement”), which is incorporated herein by reference. For information with respect to Section 16 reports, see the “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance” section of the 2017 Proxy Statement, which is incorporated herein by reference. For information with respect to the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors, see the “Corporate Governance – Board Committees” section of the 2017 Proxy Statement, which is incorporated herein by reference.
 
The Company has adopted a Code of Ethics for Senior Financial Officers, which is intended to qualify as a “code of ethics” within the meaning of Item 406 of Regulation S-K of the Exchange Act (the “Code of Ethics”). The Code of Ethics applies to the Company’s Chief Executive Officer; Chief Operating Officer; Chief Financial Officer; Chief Accounting Officer; Vice President and Treasurer and any other person performing similar functions. The Code of Ethics is available on the Company’s website at  www.cokeconsolidated.com . The Company intends to disclose any substantive amendments to, or waivers from, its Code of Ethics on its website or in a Current Report on Form 8-K.
 
Item 11.	Executive Compensation	
 
For information with respect to executive and director compensation, see the “Executive Compensation Tables,” “Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation,” “Compensation Committee Report,” “Director Compensation” and “Corporate Governance – The Board’s Role in Risk Oversight” sections of the 2017 Proxy Statement, which are incorporated herein by reference.
 
Item 12.	Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters	
 
For information with respect to security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management, see the “Principal Stockholders” and “Security Ownership of Directors and Executive Officers” sections of the 2017 Proxy Statement, which are incorporated herein by reference. For information with respect to securities authorized for issuance under equity compensation plans, see the “Equity Compensation Plan Information” section of the 2017 Proxy Statement, which is incorporated herein by reference.
 
Item 13.	Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence	
 
For information with respect to certain relationships and related transactions, see the “Related Person Transactions” section of the 2017 Proxy Statement, which is incorporated herein by reference. For certain information with respect to director independence, see the disclosures in the “Corporate Governance” section of the 2017 Proxy Statement regarding director independence, which are incorporated herein by reference.
 
Item 14.	Principal Accountant Fees and Services	
 
For information with respect to principal accountant fees and services, see “Proposal 2: Ratification of the Appointment of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm” of the 2017 Proxy Statement, which is incorporated herein by reference.
 
120

 
PART IV
 
Item 15.	Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules	
 
(a)	List of documents filed as part of this report.	
 
 	1.	Financial Statements	
 
Consolidated Statements of Operations
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
Consolidated Balance Sheets
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
 
 	2.	Financial Statement Schedule	
 
Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts and Reserves
 
All other financial statements and schedules not listed have been omitted because the required information is included in the consolidated financial statements or the notes thereto, or is not applicable or required.
 
 	3.	Listing of Exhibits	
 
The agreements included in the following exhibits to this report are included to provide information regarding their terms and are not intended to provide any other factual or disclosure information about the Company or the other parties to the agreements. Some of the agreements contain representations and warranties by each of the parties to the applicable agreements. These representations and warranties have been made solely for the benefit of the other parties to the applicable agreements and:
 
 	•	should not in all instances be treated as categorical statements of fact, but rather as a way of allocating the risk to one of the parties if those statements prove to be inaccurate;	

 	•	may have been qualified by disclosures that were made to the other party in connection with the negotiation of the applicable agreement, which disclosures are not necessarily reflected in the agreement;	

 	•	may apply standards of materiality in a way that is different from what may be viewed as material to you or other investors; and	

 	•	were made only as of the date of the applicable agreement or such other date or dates as may be specified in the agreement and are subject to more recent developments.	
 
Accordingly, these representations and warranties may not describe the actual state of affairs as of the date they were made or at any other time.
 
121

 
EXHIBIT INDEX
 
Exhibits incorporated by reference:
 
Number	 	Description	 	Incorporation Reference	
2.1+	 	Asset Exchange Agreement for Lexington, Kentucky Territory Expansion, dated October 17, 2014, by and between Coca-Cola Refreshments USA, Inc., the Company and certain of the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries identified on the signature pages thereto.	 	Exhibit 2.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 20, 2014 (File No. 0-9286).	
2.2+	 	Asset Purchase Agreement for Paducah and Pikeville Kentucky Territory Expansion, dated February 13, 2015, by and between Coca-Cola Refreshments USA, Inc. and the Company.	 	Exhibit 2.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 18, 2015 (File No. 0-9286).	
2.3+	 	Asset Purchase Agreement for Next Phase Territory Expansion, dated September 23, 2015, by and between the Company and Coca-Cola Refreshments USA, Inc.	 	Exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 28, 2015 (File No. 0-9286).	
2.4+	 	Asset Purchase Agreement for Manufacturing Facility Acquisitions, dated October 30, 2015, by and between the Company and Coca-Cola Refreshments USA, Inc.	 	Exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 2, 2015 (File No. 0-9286).	
2.5+	 	Stock Purchase Agreement, dated July 22, 2015, by and among the Company, BYB Brands, Inc. and The   Coca-Cola Company.	 	Exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 23, 2015 (File No. 0-9286).	
2.6+	 	Asset Purchase Agreement for Distribution Territory Expansion, dated September 1, 2016, by and between the Company and Coca-Cola Refreshments USA, Inc.	 	Exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 6, 2016 (File No. 0-9286).	
2.7+	 	Asset Purchase Agreement for Manufacturing Facility Acquisitions, dated September 1, 2016, by and between the Company and Coca-Cola Refreshments USA, Inc.	 	Exhibit 2.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 6, 2016 (File No. 0-9286).	
3.1	 	Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company.	 	Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 29, 2003 (File No. 0-9286).	
3.2	 	Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company.	 	Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 25, 2016 (File No. 0-9286).	
4.1	 	Specimen of Common Stock Certificate.	 	Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1 as filed on May 31, 1985 (File No. 2-97822).	
4.2	 	Supplemental Indenture, dated as of March 3, 1995, between the Company and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as successor trustee.	 	Exhibit 4.2 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 29, 2002 (File No. 0-9286).	
4.3	 	Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of November 25, 2015, between the Company and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee.	 	Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 25, 2015 (File No. 0-9286).	
4.4	 	Officers’ Certificate pursuant to Sections 102 and 301 of the Indenture, dated as of July 20, 1994, as supplemented and restated by the Supplemental Indenture, dated as of March 3, 1995, between the Company and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as successor trustee, relating to the establishment of the Company’s $110,000,000 aggregate principal amount of 7.00% Senior Notes due 2019.	 	Exhibit 4.2 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended July 4, 2010 (File No. 0-9286).	
4.5	 	Resolutions adopted by Executive Committee and the Pricing Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company related to the establishment of the Company’s $110,000,000 aggregate principal amount of 7.00% Senior Notes due 2019.	 	Exhibit 4.3 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended July 4, 2010 (File No. 0-9286).	
4.6	 	Form of the Company’s 5.30% Senior Notes due 2015.	 	Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 27, 2003 (File No. 0-9286).	
122

 
4.7	 	Form of the Company’s 5.00% Senior Notes due 2016.	 	Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended October 2, 2005 (File No. 0-9286).	
4.8	 	Form of the Company’s 7.00% Senior Notes due 2019.	 	Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 7, 2009 (File No. 0-9286).	
4.9	 	Form of the Company’s 3.80% Senior Notes due 2025 (included in Exhibit 4.3 above).	 	Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 25, 2015 (File No. 0-9286).	
4.10	 	Fourth Amended and Restated Promissory Note, dated as of December 11, 2015, by and between the Company and Piedmont Coca-Cola Bottling Partnership.	 	Exhibit 4.10 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 3, 2016 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.1	 	Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated October 16, 2014, by and among the Company, the lenders named therein, JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A., as issuing lender and administrative agent, Citibank, N.A. and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as co-syndication agents, and Branch Banking and Trust Company, as documentation agent.	 	Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 22, 2014 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.2	 	Joinder and Commitment Increase Agreement, dated April 27, 2015, by and among the Company, the lenders named therein and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent.	 	Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 29, 2015 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.3	 	Amended and Restated Guaranty Agreement, effective as of July 15, 1993, made by the Company and each of the other guarantor parties thereto in favor of Trust Company Bank and Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association of America.	 	Exhibit 10.10 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 29, 2002 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.4	 	Amended and Restated Guaranty Agreement, dated as of May 18, 2000, made by the Company in favor of Wachovia Bank, N.A.	 	Exhibit 10.17 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 30, 2001 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.5	 	Guaranty Agreement, dated as of December 1, 2001, made by the Company in favor of Wachovia, Bank, N.A.	 	Exhibit 10.18 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 30, 2001 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.6	 	Amended and Restated Stock Rights and Restrictions Agreement, dated February 19, 2009, by and among the Company, The Coca-Cola Company, Carolina Coca-Cola Bottling Investments, Inc. and J. Frank Harrison, III.	 	Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 19, 2009 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.7	 	Termination of Irrevocable Proxy and Voting Agreement, dated February 19, 2009, by and between The Coca-Cola Company and J. Frank Harrison, III.	 	Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 19, 2009 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.8	 	Form of Master Bottle Contract (“Cola Beverage Agreement”), made and entered into, effective January 27, 1989, between The Coca-Cola Company and the Company, together with Form of Home Market Amendment to Master Bottle Contract, effective as of October 29, 1999.	 	Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended October 3, 2010 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.9	 	Form of Allied Bottle Contract (“Allied Beverage Agreement”), made and entered into, effective January 11, 1990, between The Coca-Cola Company and the Company (as successor to Coca-Cola Bottling Company of Anderson, S.C.).	 	Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended October 3, 2010 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.10	 	Letter Agreement, dated January 27, 1989, between The Coca-Cola Company and the Company, modifying the Cola Beverage Agreements and Allied Beverage Agreements.	 	Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended October 3, 2010 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.11	 	Form of Marketing and Distribution Agreement (“Still Beverage Agreement”), made and entered into effective October 1, 2000, between The Coca-Cola Company and the Company (as successor to Metrolina Bottling Company), with respect to Dasani.	 	Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended October 3, 2010 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.12	 	Form of Letter Agreement, dated December 10, 2001, between The Coca-Cola Company and the Company, together with Letter Agreement, dated December 14, 1994, modifying the Still Beverage Agreements.	 	Exhibit 10.5 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended October 3, 2010 (File No. 0-9286).	
123

 
10.13	 	2014 Incidence Pricing Letter Agreement, dated December 20, 2013, between the Company and The Coca-Cola Company, by and through its Coca-Cola North America division.	 	Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 26, 2013 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.14**	 	Letter Agreement, dated as of March 10, 2008, by and between the Company and The Coca-Cola Company.	 	Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 30, 2008 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.15	 	Lease, dated as of January 1, 1999, by and between the Company and Ragland Corporation.	 	Exhibit 10.5 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2000 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.16	 	First Amendment to Lease and First Amendment to Memorandum of Lease, dated as of August 30, 2002, between the Company and Ragland Corporation.	 	Exhibit 10.33 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 29, 2002 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.17	 	Lease Agreement, dated as of March 23, 2009, between the Company and Harrison Limited Partnership One.	 	Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 26, 2009 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.18	 	Lease Agreement, dated as of December 18, 2006, between CCBCC Operations, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, and Beacon Investment Corporation.	 	Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 21, 2006 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.19	 	Limited Liability Company Operating Agreement of Coca-Cola Bottlers’ Sales & Services Company LLC, made as of January 1, 2003, by and between Coca-Cola Bottlers’ Sales & Services Company LLC and Consolidated Beverage Co., a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company.	 	Exhibit 10.35 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 29, 2002 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.20	 	Partnership Agreement of Piedmont Coca-Cola Bottling Partnership (formerly known as Carolina Coca-Cola Bottling Partnership), dated as of July 2, 1993, by and among Carolina Coca-Cola Bottling Investments, Inc., Coca-Cola Ventures, Inc., Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Affiliated, Inc., Fayetteville Coca-Cola Bottling Company and Palmetto Bottling Company.	 	Exhibit 10.7 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 29, 2002 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.21	 	Master Amendment to Partnership Agreement, Management Agreement and Definition and Adjustment Agreement, dated as of January 2, 2002, by and among Piedmont Coca-Cola Bottling Partnership, CCBC of Wilmington, Inc., The Coca-Cola Company, Piedmont Partnership Holding Company, Coca-Cola Ventures, Inc. and the Company.	 	Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 14, 2002 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.22	 	Fourth Amendment to Partnership Agreement, dated as of March 28, 2003, by and among Piedmont Coca-Cola Bottling Partnership, Piedmont Partnership Holding Company and Coca-Cola Ventures, Inc.	 	Exhibit 4.2 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 30, 2003 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.23	 	Management Agreement, dated as of July 2, 1993, by and among the Company, Piedmont Coca-Cola Bottling Partnership (formerly known as Carolina Coca-Cola Bottling Partnership), CCBC of Wilmington, Inc., Carolina Coca-Cola Bottling Investments, Inc., Coca-Cola Ventures, Inc. and Palmetto Bottling Company.	 	Exhibit 10.8 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 29, 2002 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.24	 	First Amendment to Management Agreement (relating to the Management Agreement designated as Exhibit 10.22 of this Exhibit Index) effective as of January 1, 2001.	 	Exhibit 10.14 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2000 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.25	 	Management Agreement, dated as of March 12, 2014, by and among CCBCC Operations, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, and South Atlantic Canners, Inc.	 	Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 30, 2014 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.26	 	Agreement, dated as of March 1, 1994, between the Company and South Atlantic Canners, Inc.	 	Exhibit 10.12 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 29, 2002 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.27*	 	Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated Amended and Restated Annual Bonus Plan, effective January 1, 2012.	 	Appendix C to the Company’s Proxy Statement for the 2012 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (File No. 0-9286).	
124

 
10.28*	 	Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated Amended and Restated Long-Term Performance Plan, effective January 1, 2012.	 	Appendix D to the Company’s Proxy Statement for the 2012 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (File No. 0-9286).	
10.29*	 	Form of Long-Term Performance Plan Bonus Award Agreement.	 	Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended July 4, 2010 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.30*	 	Performance Unit Award Agreement, dated February 27, 2008.	 	Appendix A to the Company’s Proxy Statement for the 2008 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (File No. 0-9286).	
10.31*	 	Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated Supplemental Savings Incentive Plan, as amended and restated effective November 1, 2011.	 	Exhibit 10.31 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 1, 2012 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.32*	 	Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated Director Deferral Plan, effective January 1, 2005.	 	Exhibit 10.17 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 1, 2006 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.33*	 	Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated Officer Retention Plan, as amended and restated effective January 1, 2007.	 	Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended April 1, 2007 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.34*	 	Amendment No. 1 to Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated Officer Retention Plan, as amended and restated effective January 1, 2009.	 	Exhibit 10.32 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 28, 2008 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.35*	 	Life Insurance Benefit Agreement, effective as of December 28, 2003, by and between the Company and Jan M. Harrison, Trustee under the J. Frank Harrison, III 2003 Irrevocable Trust, John R. Morgan, Trustee under the Harrison Family 2003 Irrevocable Trust, and J. Frank Harrison, III.	 	Exhibit 10.37 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 28, 2003 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.36*	 	Form of Amended and Restated Split-Dollar and Deferred Compensation Replacement Benefit Agreement, effective as of November 1, 2005, between the Company and eligible employees of the Company.	 	Exhibit 10.24 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 1, 2006 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.37*	 	Form of Split-Dollar and Deferred Compensation Replacement Benefit Agreement Election Form and Agreement Amendment, effective as of June 20, 2005, between the Company and certain executive officers of the Company.	 	Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 24, 2005 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.38	 	Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated Long Term Retention Plan, adopted effective as of March 5, 2014.	 	Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 30, 2014 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.39**	 	Comprehensive Beverage Agreement for the Johnson City/Morristown territory, dated as of May 23, 2014, by and among the Company, The Coca-Cola Company and Coca-Cola Refreshments, USA, Inc.	 	Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 29, 2014 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.40**	 	Amendment to the Comprehensive Beverage Agreement for the Johnson City/Morristown territory, dated as of June 1, 2015, by and between the Company, The Coca-Cola Company and Coca-Cola Refreshments, USA, Inc.	 	Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 28, 2015 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.41**	 	Finished Goods Supply Agreement for the Johnson City/Morristown territory, dated as of May 23, 2014, by and among the Company, The Coca-Cola Company and Coca-Cola Refreshments, USA, Inc.	 	Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 29, 2014 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.42	 	Amended and Restated Ancillary Business Letter, dated October 30, 2015, by and between the Company and The Coca-Cola Company.	 	Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 2, 2015 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.43**	 	Monster Energy Corporation Products Consent Agreement dated December 17, 2014, by The Coca-Cola Company, acting by and through its Coca-Cola North America Division, and the Company.	 	Exhibit 10.41 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 28, 2014 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.44	 	Amendment to the Monster Energy Corporation Products Consent Agreement, dated April 1, 2015, by The Coca-Cola Company, acting by and through its Coca-Cola North America Division, and the Company.	 	Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 1, 2015 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.45	 	Distribution Agreement, dated March 26, 2015, between CCBCC Operations, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, and Monster Energy Company.	 	Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q/A for the quarter ended March 29, 2015 (File No. 0-9286).	
125

 
10.46**	 	Territory Conversion Agreement, dated September 23, 2015, by and between the Company, The Coca-Cola Company and Coca-Cola Refreshments USA, Inc.	 	Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 28, 2015 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.47	 	First Amendment to the Territory Conversion Agreement, dated February 8, 2016, by and between the Company, The Coca-Cola Company and Coca-Cola Refreshments USA, Inc.	 	Exhibit 10.47 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 3, 2016 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.48	 	Expanding Participating Bottler Revenue Incidence Agreement, dated September 23, 2015, by and between the Company and The Coca-Cola Company.	 	Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 28, 2015 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.49**	 	National Product Supply Governance Agreement, dated October 30, 2015, by and between the Company, The Coca-Cola Company, Coca-Cola Bottling Company United, Inc., Coca-Cola Refreshments USA, Inc. and Swire Pacific Holdings Inc. d/b/a Swire Coca-Cola USA.	 	Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 2, 2015 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.50	 	2016 Incidence Pricing Letter Agreement, dated April 6, 2016, between the Company and The Coca-Cola Company, by and through its Coca-Cola North America division.	 	Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 8, 2016 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.51**	 	Initial Regional Manufacturing Agreement, dated January 29, 2016, between the Company and The Coca-Cola Company.	 	Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended April 3, 2016 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.52**	 	Initial Regional Manufacturing Agreement, dated April 29, 2016, between the Company and The Coca-Cola Company.	 	Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 5, 2016 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.53**	 	CCNA Exchange Letter Agreement, dated April 29, 2016, between the Company and The Coca-Cola Company, by and through its Coca-Cola North America division.	 	Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 5, 2016 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.54	 	Term Loan Agreement, dated June 7, 2016, by and among the Company, the lenders named therein, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, and PNC Bank, National Association and Branch Banking and Trust Company as co-syndication agents.	 	Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended July 3, 2016 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.55**	 	CONA Services LLC Limited Liability Company Agreement, dated January 27, 2016, by and among the Company, The Coca-Cola Company, Coca-Cola Refreshments USA, Inc. and the other bottlers named therein.	 	Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q/A for the quarter ended July 3, 2016 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.56**	 	Amendment No. 1 to the CONA Services LLC Limited Liability Company Agreement, dated as of April 6, 2016 and effective as of April 2, 2016, by and among the Company, The   Coca-Cola   Company, Coca-Cola Refreshments USA, Inc. and the other bottlers name therein.	 	Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q/A for the quarter ended July 3, 2016 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.57**	 	Master Services Agreement, dated as of April 6, 2016 and effective as of April 2, 2016, between the Company and CONA Services LLC.	 	Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q/A for the quarter ended July 3, 2016 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.58	 	Glacéau Agreement, dated June 29, 2016, by and between The Coca-Cola Company, Coca-Cola Refreshments USA, Inc. and Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated.	 	Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 5, 2016 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.59	 	Note Purchase and Private Shelf Agreement, dated June 10, 2016, by and among the Company, PGIM, Inc. and the other parties thereto.	 	Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 20, 2017 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.60	 	Amendment to Distribution Agreement, dated September 3, 2015, between CCBCC Operations, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, and Monster Energy Company.	 	Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended October 2, 2016 (File No. 0-9286).	
10.61	 	Amendment to Distribution Agreement, effective as of September 19, 2016, between CCBCC Operations, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, and Monster Energy Company.	 	Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended October 2, 2016 (File No. 0-9286).	
 
126

 
Exhibits filed herewith:
 
Number	 	Description	
4.11	 	The registrant, by signing this report, agrees to furnish the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon its request, a copy of any instrument which defines the rights of holders of long-term debt of the registrant and its consolidated subsidiaries which authorizes a total amount of securities not in excess of 10 percent of the total assets of the registrant and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis.	
10.62	 	First Amendment to Limited Liability Company Operating Agreement of Coca-Cola Bottlers’ Sales & Services Company LLC dated as of November 5, 2007, by and between Coca-Cola Bottlers’ Sales & Services Company LLC and Consolidated Beverage Co., a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company.	
10.63	 	Second Amendment to Limited Liability Company Operating Agreement of Coca-Cola Bottlers’ Sales & Services Company LLC dated as of September 15, 2010, by and between Coca-Cola Bottlers’ Sales & Services Company LLC and Consolidated Beverage Co., a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company.	
10.64	 	Third Amendment to Limited Liability Company Operating Agreement of Coca-Cola Bottlers’ Sales & Services Company LLC, dated as of December 16, 2016, by and between Coca-Cola Bottlers’ Sales & Services Company LLC and Consolidated Beverage Co., a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company.	
12	 	Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges.	
21	 	List of Subsidiaries.	
23	 	Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.	
31.1	 	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.	
31.2	 	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.	
32	 	Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.	
101	 	Financial statement from the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated for the fiscal year ended January 1, 2017, filed on March 14, 2017, formatted in XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language):  (i) the Consolidated Statements of Operations; (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income; (iii) the Consolidated Balance Sheets; (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows; (v) the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity and (vi) the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.	
 
*	Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.	

**	Certain portions of this exhibit have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.	

+	Certain schedules and similar supporting attachments to this agreement have been omitted, and the Company agrees to furnish supplemental copies of any such schedules and similar supporting attachments to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon request.	
 
(b)	Exhibits.	
 
See Item 15(a)(3) above.
 
(c)	Financial Statement Schedules.	
 
See Item 15(a)(2) above.
 
Item 16.	Form 10-K Summary	
 
Not applicable.
 
127

 
Schedule II
 
COCA-COLA BOTTLING CO. CONSOLIDATED
VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS AND RESERVES
 
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
(in thousands)	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	
Balance at beginning of year	 	$	2,117	 	 	$	1,330	 	 	$	1,401	 	
Additions charged to costs and expenses	 	 	2,534	 	 	 	1,234	 	 	 	550	 	
Deductions	 	 	203	 	 	 	447	 	 	 	621	 	
Balance at end of year	 	$	4,448	 	 	$	2,117	 	 	$	1,330	 	
 
Deferred Income Tax Valuation Allowance
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
(in thousands)	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	
Balance at beginning of year	 	$	2,307	 	 	$	3,640	 	 	$	3,553	 	
Additions charged to costs and expenses	 	 	-	 	 	 	28	 	 	 	1,203	 	
Additions charged to other(1)	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	7	 	
Deductions credited to expense	 	 	689	 	 	 	1,361	 	 	 	-	 	
Deductions not credited to expense	 	 	-	 	 	 	-	 	 	 	1,123	 	
Balance at end of year	 	$	1,618	 	 	$	2,307	 	 	$	3,640	 	
 
(1)	Valuation allowance adjustment for Fast Forward Energy, Inc., which was liquidated during 2014.	
 
128

 
SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 
 	 	COCA-COLA BOTTLING CO. CONSOLIDATED
(REGISTRANT)	

Date: March 14, 2017	 	By:	 	/s/ J. Frank Harrison, III	
 	 	 	 	J. Frank Harrison, III	
 	 	 	 	Chairman of the Board of Directors	
 	 	 	 	and Chief Executive Officer	
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
 
 	 	Signature	 	Title	 	Date	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
By:	 	/s/ J. Frank Harrison, III	 	Chairman of the Board of Directors,	 	March 14, 2017	
 	 	J. Frank Harrison, III	 	Chief Executive Officer and Director	 	 	
 	 	 	 	(Principal Executive Officer)	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
By:	 	/s/ Clifford M. Deal, III	 	Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer	 	March 14, 2017	
 	 	Clifford M. Deal, III	 	(Principal Financial Officer)	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
By:	 	/s/ William J. Billiard	 	Vice President, Chief Accounting Officer	 	March 14, 2017	
 	 	William J. Billiard	 	(Principal Accounting Officer)	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
By:	 	/s/ Alexander B. Cummings, Jr.	 	Director	 	March 14, 2017	
 	 	Alexander B. Cummings, Jr.	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
By:	 	/s/ Sharon A. Decker	 	Director	 	March 14, 2017	
 	 	Sharon A. Decker	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
By:	 	/s/ Morgan H. Everett	 	Vice President and Director	 	March 14, 2017	
 	 	Morgan H. Everett	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
By:	 	/s/ Henry W. Flint	 	President, Chief Operating Officer	 	March 14, 2017	
 	 	Henry W. Flint	 	and Director	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
By:	 	/s/ James R. Helvey, III	 	Director	 	March 14, 2017	
 	 	James R. Helvey, III	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
By:	 	/s/ William H. Jones	 	Director	 	March 14, 2017	
 	 	William H. Jones	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
By:	 	/s/ Umesh M. Kasbekar	 	Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors	 	March 14, 2017	
 	 	Umesh M. Kasbekar	 	and Secretary	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
By:	 	/s/ James H. Morgan	 	Director	 	March 14, 2017	
 	 	James H. Morgan	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
By:	 	/s/ John W. Murrey, III	 	Director	 	March 14, 2017	
 	 	John W. Murrey, III	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
By:	 	/s/ Sue Anne H. Wells	 	Director	 	March 14, 2017	
 	 	Sue Anne H. Wells	 	 	 	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
By:	 	/s/ Dennis A. Wicker	 	Director	 	March 14, 2017	
 	 	Dennis A. Wicker	 	 	 	 	
 
129

Exhibit 10.62
FIRST AMENDMENT TO THE
LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY OPERATING AGREEMENT OF
COCA-COLA BOTTLERS' SALES & SERVICES COMPANY LLC
 
This First Amendment to the Limited Liability Company Operating Agreement of Coca-Cola Bottlers' Sales & Services Company LLC (the “First Amendment”) is made among all Coca-Cola Bottlers doing business in the United States that are Members of the Company. Capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein shall have the same meanings as set forth in that certain Limited Liability Operating Agreement of Coca-Cola Bottlers' Sales & Services Company LLC executed by the Members and made effective as of January 1, 2003 (the “Operating Agreement”).
 
WHEREAS, on or about January 1, 2003, the Members executed the Operating Agreement; and
 
WHEREAS, The Coca-Cola Company (“TCCC”) has executed a Procurement Agency Agreement with the Company made effective as of January 1, 2003 (the “TCCC PAA”) pursuant to which TCCC has named the Company as its exclusive agent for procurement of certain items in connection with TCCC's North American operations; and
 
WHEREAS, the Members now desire to grant TCCC certain rights with respect to the management of the Company's Procurement Division, as more specifically set forth in, and subject to the conditions of, this First Amendment, and to amend the Operating Agreement as set forth herein.
 
NOW, THEREFORE, the Members, in accordance with Section 16.10 of the Operating Agreement, hereby amend the terms of the Operating Agreement as follows:
 
ARTICLE I
ADDITION OF A CCNA DIRECTOR
 
Section 1.1 Selection of a CCNA Director. Notwithstanding anything in the Operating Agreement to the contrary, TCCC, acting by and through its Coca-Cola North America (“CCNA”) division, shall have the right to designate one (1) natural person who shall be a member of senior management of CCNA to serve as a Director of the Company (the “CCNA Director”). The CCNA Director shall exercise only those rights and duties expressly set forth in this First Amendment. Any vacancy in the position of CCNA Director shall he filled promptly by CCNA.
 
Section 1.2 Attendance at Meetings: Voting Rights.
 
(i) Subject to the conditions of this First Amendment, the CCNA Director shall be entitled to attend all meetings of the Board, and shall have the same right to appoint a proxy as that afforded all other Directors pursuant to the Operating Agreement.

 
(ii) The CCNA Director shall be entitled to exercise one (1) vote as a member of the Board, provided, however,  that such right to vote is limited solely to items which require Board action that are duly determined in accordance with clause (iv) below to be Procurement Matters prior to any vote on such item as provided herein. The CCNA Director shall have no right to vote on any matters requiring Board action other than Procurement Matters.
 
(iii) For purposes of determining the existence of a Director Regular Vote or a Director Extraordinary Vote on matters that are determined to be Procurement Matters as set forth herein, the total number of votes which may be cast shall include the one (1) vote which the CCNA Director is entitled to cast hereunder. For all other purposes, including the determination of a Director Regular Vote or a Director Extraordinary Vote on any matter that is not a Procurement Matter, and in all instances for purposes of determining the existence or lack of a quorum, the total number of votes which may be cast shall not include the one (1) vote exercisable by the CCNA Director hereunder.
 
(iv) For purposes of this First Amendment, a “Procurement Matter” shall be defined as any item that requires Board action under the Operating Agreement that pertains solely to the operation of the Company's Procurement Division and/or the Procurement Policies of the Company, as determined by the Chairman of the Board (the “Chairman”). The Board, acting without the participation of the CCNA Director and upon the request of any two or more Directors may, by Director Regular Vote, overrule any determination made by the Chairman with respect to an item being, or not being, a Procurement Matter, and the decision of the Board thereby shall be final and binding. In the absence of a sufficient vote to overturn the decision of the Chairman, the decision of the Chairman shall be final and binding.
 
(v) The CCNA Director may be paid his or her reasonable expenses, if any, of attendance at any meeting of the Board, but only to the extent that all other Directors are so paid by the Company.
 
(vi) Upon the request of the Chairman, the CCNA Director may be excluded from participation and/or attendance in any portion of any Board meeting which does not relate solely to a Procurement Matter, and the CCNA Director may be excluded from the right to review or have access to any and all confidential Company documents which relate to any issue that is not a Procurement Matter. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the CCNA Director shall be excluded from participation or attendance in any portion of any Board meeting during which the Board considers any issue relating, in the reasonable opinion of the Chairman, to the Company's Distribution Division. Nothing in this Section 1.2(vi) shall be interpreted as limiting or affecting any right to review agreements specified in the TCCC PAA.
 
Section 1.3 Disqualification of the CCNA Director. The CCNA Director shall be immediately disqualified, and TCCC's right to appoint the CCNA Director as provided in this First Amendment shall immediately expire, upon the occurrence of any of the following events: (i) the discontinuation, expiration or early termination, for any reason, of the CCNA PAA; (ii) for any reason, the Company ceases to be authorized to act as agent for TCCC's North American operations in connection with procurement of the items originally listed in Section 9 of the

 
CCNA PAA; (iii) CCE becomes an Affiliate of TCCC; or (iv) the Company discontinues the activities of the Procurement Division.
 
Section 1.4 No Agency. The CCNA Director shall not have the authority to bind the Company, to execute contracts or to expend funds unless such action has been authorized by the requisite Director vote.
 
ARTICLE II
MISCELLANEOUS
 
Section 2.1 Survival. Except as expressly set forth herein, all terms and conditions set forth in the Operating Agreement shall remain in full force and effect pursuant to their terms. In the event of any conflict between the terms of this First Amendment and the terms of the Operating Agreement, the terms of this First Amendment shall prevail.
 
Section 2.2 No Implied Rights or Duties. Neither TCCC nor the CCNA Director shall have any other or further rights with respect to the Company and/or the Members, other than those expressly set forth in this First Amendment or otherwise agreed to in writing by TCCC and a duly authorized representative of the Company. Without limiting the applicability of the preceding sentence, at no time shall TCCC or any Affiliate of TCCC become, or be deemed to be, a Member of the Company.
 
Section 3.3 Counterparts. This First Amendment may be executed in any number of counterparts, and by facsimile or portable document format (pdf) transmission, with the same effect as if all parties hereto had signed the same document. All counterparts shall be construed together and shall constitute one instrument.
 
Section 3.4 Integration. This First Amendment constitutes the entire agreement among the parties hereto pertaining to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings pertaining thereto.
 
Section 3.5 Governing Law. This First Amendment and the rights of the parties hereunder shall be interpreted in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, and all rights and remedies shall be governed by such laws without regard to principles of conflict of laws.

 
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Agreement as of the date first above stated.
 
Agreed to and accepted this 5th day of November, 2007.
 
Legal Name of Member (Bottler):  Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated
 
By:	 	/s/ William B. Elmore	
 	 	 	
Print Name:	 	William B. Elmore	
 	 	 	
Title:	 	President & COO	
 	 	 	
Date:	 	November 5, 2007	

Exhibit 10.63
SECOND AMENDMENT TO THE
LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY OPERATING AGREEMENT OF
COCA-COLA BOTTLERS’ SALES & SERVICES COMPANY LLC
 
THIS SECOND AMENDMENT (this “Second Amendment”) TO THE LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY OPERATING AGREEMENT OF COCA-COLA BOTTLERS’ SALES & SERVICES COMPANY LLC,  a Delaware limited liability company (the “Company”), is entered into by and among the Members of the Company that are signatories hereto. Capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined herein shall have the respective meanings ascribed thereto in the Operating Agreement (as defined below).
 
WHEREAS, certain Coca-Cola Bottlers doing business in the United States are the Members of the Company as of the date hereof pursuant to the terms of the Limited Liability Company Operating Agreement, dated effective as of January 1, 2003 (the “Operating Agreement”), as amended by that certain First Amendment to the Operating Agreement as adopted and ratified by the Members in 2007 (the “First Amendment”);
 
WHEREAS, the Operating Agreement and the First Amendment contain certain terms and conditions with respect to certain matters involving The Coca-Cola Company (“TCCC”);
 
WHEREAS, on February 25, 2010, Coca-Cola Enterprises Inc., a Delaware corporation (“CCE”), TCCC and certain other parties entered into a Business Separation and Merger Agreement (as the same may be amended, restated, modified and/or supplemented from time to time, the “TCCC/CCE Merger Agreement”) pursuant to which, among other things, CCE will become a wholly owned subsidiary of TCCC and may be renamed Coca-Cola Refreshments (“CCR”); for the remainder of this agreement, CCE will be referred to as of the time of closing and thereafter as “CCE/CCR”; and
 
WHEREAS, the Members now desire to amend the Operating Agreement and the First Amendment in order to address certain effects that otherwise would result in connection with the transactions contemplated by the TCCC/CCE Merger Agreement.
 
NOW, THEREFORE, for and in consideration of the premises and the mutual covenants and agreements set forth herein, and for other consideration, the receipt, adequacy and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the Members, in accordance with Section 16.10 of the Operating Agreement, intending to be legally bound, hereby amend the Operating Agreement and the First Amendment as follows:
 
1. CCNA Director. In accordance with the First Amendment, the CCNA Director (as defined in the First Amendment) shall be disqualified, and TCCC’s right to appoint the CCNA Director as provided in the First Amendment shall expire, upon the the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the TCCC/CCE Merger Agreement, and, upon such consummation, the First Amendment shall have no further force or effect. Notwithstanding the  foregoing, upon the the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the TCCC/CCE Merger Agreement, TCCC, acting by and through its Coca-Cola North America (“CCNA”) division, shall have the right to designate one (1) natural person who shall be a member of senior

 
management of CCNA to serve as a non-voting Director of the Company (the “CCNA Non-Voting Director”). The CCNA Non-Voting Director shall have the same rights and privileges of each other Director (including the right to attend meetings and receive notices thereof), except that (a) the CCNA Non-Voting Director shall not have the right to cast a vote or consent with respect to the Company and (b) the CCNA Non-Voting Director shall not be considered a Director for purposes of determining whether a quorum is present and/or whether a required vote is obtained.
 
2. Effect of TCCC/CCE Merger Agreement. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in the Operating Agreement, (a) CCE/CCR shall not be disqualified as a Member as a result of the transactions contemplated by the TCCC/CCE Merger Agreement, (b) CCE/CCR shall not be deemed to be an “Affiliate” of TCCC for purposes of the Operating Agreement as a result of, or following the consummation of, the transactions contemplated by the TCCC/CCE Merger Agreement, and (c) TCCC shall not be deemed to be an “Affiliate” of CCE/CCR for purposes of the Operating Agreement as a result of, or following the consummation of, the transactions contemplated by the TCCC/CCE Merger Agreement. Without in any way limiting the foregoing:
 
 	(i)	CCE/CCR shall not be obligated to sell and the Company shall not be obligated to purchase the Units of CCE/CCR as a result of the transactions contemplated by the TCCC/CCE Merger Agreement;	
 
 	(ii)	Following the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the TCCC/CCE Merger Agreement, CCE/CCR shall continue to be a Member, subject to the applicable terms and conditions of the Operating Agreement; and	
 
 	(iii)	Following the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the TCCC/CCE Merger Agreement, CCE/CCR shall continue to have the right to elect up to eight National Bottler Directors with the authority, in the aggregate, to cast eight votes, subject to the applicable terms and conditions of the Operating Agreement.	
 
3. Dissolution Right. Following the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the TCCC/CCE Merger Agreement, the Company may be dissolved and its affairs wound up upon the affirmative vote a majority of the Regional Bottler Directors and the Mainstream Bottler Directors pursuant to Section 15.2(iii) of the Operating Agreement.
2

 
4. Certain Conflicting Interest Transactions. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in the Operating Agreement, and in lieu of any other consent or approval that may be required by the terms of the Operating Agreement, following the consummation of the  transactions contemplated by the TCCC/CCE Merger Agreement, the Company shall not take any of the following actions unless authorized to do so by a majority of the Regional Bottler Directors and the Mainstream Bottler Directors (even though such majority is less than a quorum):
 
 	(a)	the entering into of any material contract of any nature with TCCC, CCE/CCR, and/or any of their respective Affiliates, and, in each case, any material amendment, early termination or renewal thereof; or	
 
 	(b)	any determination required to be made by or on behalf of the Company pursuant to Section 5 of the TCCC PAA (as defined in the First Amendment) and/or Section 4 of that certain Procurement Agency Agreement by and between the Company and CCE, dated effective as of April 2, 2003.	
 
5. Effectiveness. In accordance with Section 16.10 of the Operating Agreement, subject to Section 6 below, this Second Amendment shall become effective upon the execution and delivery to the Company of written counterparts to this Second Amendment from Members holding not less than 95% of the outstanding Units of all the Members, which must include Mainstream Bottlers representing a majority of the number of all Mainstream Bottlers (without regard to the number of Units held by such Members).
 
6. Termination. If the TCCC/CCE Merger Agreement is terminated in accordance with its terms, this Second Amendment shall be void  ab initio.
 
7. Conflicting Terms; Limitation of Amendment. In the event of any conflict or inconsistency between the terms of this Second Amendment, on the one hand, and the Operating Agreement and/or the First Amendment, on the other hand, the terms of this Second Amendment shall control. Except as otherwise expressly set forth herein, all terms and conditions set forth in the Operating Agreement shall remain in full force and effect pursuant to their terms.
 
8. Counterparts. This Second Amendment may be executed in any number of counterparts, and by facsimile or portable document format (pdf) transmission, with the same effect as if all parties hereto had signed the same document. All counterparts shall be construed together and shall constitute one instrument.
 
9. Entire Agreement. This Second Amendment represents the entire agreement and understanding among the parties hereto regarding the subjects hereof. Any prior or contemporaneous written or oral communications between or among the parties hereto are superseded hereby. Each party hereto specifically represents and warrants that this Second Amendment is executed without reliance on any statement or representation of fact or opinion by any party hereto, the Company or any representative thereof, except as otherwise expressly set forth herein.
3

 
 
10. Governing Law. This Second Amendment shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of Delaware without regard to principles of conflicts of law.
***
4

 
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Member set forth below has executed this Second Amendment as of the date set forth below.
 
Agreed to and adopted this 24th day of June, 2010
 
Legal Name of Member: Coca‑Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated
 
By:  	 	/s/ Steven D. Westphal	
 	 	 	
Name:	 	Stephen D. Westphal	
 	 	 	
Title:	 	Vice President	
 
5

Exhibit 10.64
THIRD AMENDMENT TO THE
LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY OPERATING AGREEMENT OF
COCA-COLA BOTTLERS’ SALES & SERVICES COMPANY LLC
 
This Third Amendment to the Limited Liability Company Operating Agreement of Coca-Cola Bottlers’ Sales & Services Company LLC (the “ Third Amendment ”) is made among all Coca-Cola Bottlers doing business in the United States that are Members of the Company. Capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein shall have the same meanings as set forth in that certain Limited Liability Operating Agreement of Coca-Cola Bottlers’ Sales & Services Company LLC executed by the Members and made effective as of January 1, 2003, as amended (the “ Operating Agreement ”).
 
WHEREAS, on or about January 1, 2003, the Members executed the Operating Agreement;
 
WHEREAS, The Coca-Cola Company (“TCCC”) has executed an Amended and Restated Procurement Agency Agreement with the Company made effective as of January 1, 2008 (the “ TCCC PAA ”) pursuant to which TCCC named the Company as its exclusive agent for procurement of certain items in connection with TCCC’s North American operations;
 
WHEREAS, pursuant to the First Amendment to the Operating Agreement adopted and ratified by the Members in 2007, TCCC, acting by and through Coca-Cola North America (“ CCNA ”), was granted the right to designate one (1) natural person to serve as a Director of the Company, subject to the terms and conditions specified therein;
 
WHEREAS, pursuant to the Second Amendment to the Operating Agreement, the CCNA Director (as defined in the First Amendment) was disqualified and CCNA’s right to appoint such Director expired upon the consummation of that certain merger transaction pursuant to which Coca-Cola Enterprises, Inc. became a wholly-owned subsidiary of TCCC and was renamed Coca-Cola Refreshments USA, Inc. (“ CCR ”); and
 
WHEREAS, as a result of CCR’s refranchising efforts, pursuant to which all CCR’s distribution territories have been or will be sold to independent bottlers thereby reducing CCR’s ownership in the Company, the Members have agreed to once again grant TCCC certain rights with respect to the management of the Company, as more specifically set forth in, and subject to the conditions of, this Third Amendment, and to amend the Operating Agreement as set forth herein.
 
NOW, THEREFORE, the Members, in accordance with Section 16.10 of the Operating Agreement, hereby amend the terms of the Operating Agreement as follows:
 
ARTICLE I
ADDITION OF A CCNA DIRECTOR
 
Section 1.1 Selection of a CCNA Director. Notwithstanding anything in the Operating Agreement to the contrary, TCCC, acting by and through CCNA, shall have the right to

 
designate one (1) natural person who shall be a member of senior management of CCNA to serve as a Director of the Company (the “ CCNA Director ”). The CCNA Director shall exercise only those rights and duties expressly set forth in this Third Amendment. Any vacancy in the position of CCNA Director shall be filled promptly by CCNA.
 
Section 1.2 Attendance at Meetings; Voting Rights
 
(i) Subject to the conditions of this Third Amendment, the CCNA Director shall be entitled to attend all meetings of the Board;  provided, however  that the CCNA Director shall not have the right to appoint a proxy if such designee is unable to attend any meeting of the Board in accordance with Section 6.4 of the Operating Agreement.
 
(ii) Subject to subsection (v) below, the CCNA Director shall be entitled to exercise one (1) vote as a member of the Board.
 
(iii) For purposes of determining the existence of a Director Regular Vote or a Director Extraordinary Vote on all matters, the total number of votes which may be cast shall include the one (1) vote which the CCNA Director is entitled to cast hereunder. For all other purposes, including the determination of a Director Regular Vote or a Director Extraordinary Vote on any matter on which the CCNA Director is not entitled to cast a vote hereunder, the total number of votes which may be cast shall not include the one (1) vote exercisable by the CCNA Director hereunder.
 
(iv) The CCNA Director may be paid his or her reasonable expenses, if any, of attendance at any meeting of the Board, but only to the extent that all other Directors are so paid by the Company.
 
(v) Upon the request of the Chairman or the Company’s General Counsel, the CCNA Director may be excluded from participation and/or attendance in any portion of any Board meeting and may be excluded from the right to review or have access to any information that (i) contains sensitive or confidential information of one or more Members or Participants; or (ii) the disclosure of which the General Counsel reasonably determines would be in violation of Company policy or applicable law. Furthermore, to the extent that a matter regarding the relationship between the Company and TCCC is raised for a vote by the Board, the Board, acting without the participation of the CCNA Director and upon the request of two or more Directors may, by Director Regular Vote, determine that the CCNA Director shall be excluded from participation in any such vote.
 
Section 1.3 Disqualification of the CCNA Director. The CCNA Director shall be immediately disqualified, and TCCC’s right to appoint the CCNA Director as provided in this Third Amendment shall immediately expire, upon the occurrence of any of the following events: (i) the discontinuation, expiration or early termination, for any reason, of the CCNA PAA; (ii) the Company ceases to be authorized to act as agent for TCCC North American operations in connection with procurement of the items originally listed in the CCNA PAA; or (iii) the Company discontinues the activities of the Procurement Division.
 
2

 
Section 1.4 No Agency; Duties. The CCNA Director shall not have the authority to bind the Company, to execute contracts or to expend funds unless such action has been authorized by the requisite Director vote. The CCNA Director shall have the fiduciary duties of loyalty and care similar to those of directors and officers of business corporations organized under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware and shall owe such duties to the Company and to all of its Members. The CCNA Director is a Covered Person as defined in the Operating Agreement.
 
ARTICLE II
MISCELLANEOUS
 
Section 2.1 Survival. Except as expressly set forth herein, all terms and conditions set forth in the Operating Agreement shall remain in full force and effect pursuant to their terms. In the event of any conflict between the terms of this Third Amendment and the terms of the Operating Agreement, the terms of this Third Amendment shall prevail.
 
Section 2.2 No Implied Rights or Duties. Neither TCCC nor the CCNA Director shall have any other or further rights with respect to the Company and/or the Members, other than those expressly set forth in this Third Amendment or otherwise agreed to in writing by TCCC and a duly authorized representative of the Company. Without limiting the applicability of the preceding sentence, at no time shall TCCC become, or be deemed to be, a Member of the Company.
 
Section 2.3 Counterparts. This Third Amendment may be executed in any number of counterparts, and by facsimile or portable document format (pdf) transmission, with the same effect as if all parties hereto had signed the same document. All counterparts shall be construed together and shall constitute one instrument.
 
Section 3.4 Integration. This Third Amendment constitutes the entire agreement among the parties hereto pertaining to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings pertaining thereto.
 
Section 3.5 Governing Law. This Third Amendment and the rights of the parties hereunder shall be interpreted in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, and all rights and remedies shall be governed by such laws without regard to principles of conflict of laws.
 
[Signature Page Follows]
 
3

 
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Member set forth below has executed this Third Amendment as of the date set forth below.
 
Agreed to and accepted this 4th day of December, 2016.	
 	
Legal Name of Member (Bottler):  Consolidated Beverage Co.	
 
By:	 	/s/ James E. Harris	 	
 	 	 	 	
Print Name:	 	James E. Harris	 	
 	 	 	 	
Title:	 	Vice President	 	
 
4

Exhibit 12
COCA-COLA BOTTLING CO. CONSOLIDATED
RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES
 
 	 	Fiscal Year	 	
(in thousands, except ratios)	 	2016	 	 	2015	 	 	2014	 	 	2013	 	 	2012	 	
Computation of Earnings:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Income before income taxes	 	$	92,712	 	 	$	99,122	 	 	$	55,618	 	 	$	44,244	 	 	$	53,348	 	
Add:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Interest expense	 	 	34,475	 	 	 	26,905	 	 	 	27,337	 	 	 	27,474	 	 	 	33,104	 	
Amortization of debt premium/discount and expenses	 	 	1,855	 	 	 	2,011	 	 	 	1,938	 	 	 	1,933	 	 	 	2,242	 	
Interest portion of rent expense	 	 	4,564	 	 	 	2,977	 	 	 	2,523	 	 	 	2,380	 	 	 	1,975	 	
Earnings as adjusted	 	$	133,606	 	 	$	131,015	 	 	$	87,416	 	 	$	76,031	 	 	$	90,669	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Computation of Fixed Charges:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Interest expense	 	$	34,475	 	 	$	26,905	 	 	$	27,337	 	 	$	27,474	 	 	$	33,104	 	
Capitalized interest	 	 	489	 	 	 	348	 	 	 	173	 	 	 	177	 	 	 	111	 	
Amortization of debt premium/discount and expenses	 	 	1,855	 	 	 	2,011	 	 	 	1,938	 	 	 	1,933	 	 	 	2,242	 	
Interest portion of rent expense	 	 	4,564	 	 	 	2,977	 	 	 	2,523	 	 	 	2,380	 	 	 	1,975	 	
Fixed charges	 	$	41,383	 	 	$	32,241	 	 	$	31,971	 	 	$	31,964	 	 	$	37,432	 	
 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	
Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges	 	 	3.23	 	 	 	4.06	 	 	 	2.73	 	 	 	2.38	 	 	 	2.42	 	

 
Exhibit 21
COCA-COLA BOTTLING CO. CONSOLIDATED
LISTING OF SUBSIDIARIES AS OF JANUARY 1, 2017
 
Entity	 	State of Incorporation
/Organization	 	Date of Incorporation
/Organization	 	Owned By	 	Ownership
Percentage	
CCBCC, Inc.	 	Delaware	 	12/20/1993	 	Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated	 	100.0%	
CCBCC Operations, LLC	 	Delaware	 	10/15/2003	 	Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated	 	100.0%	
Chesapeake Treatment Company, LLC	 	North Carolina	 	6/5/1995	 	CCBCC Operations, LLC	 	100.0%	
Coca-Cola Ventures, Inc.	 	Delaware	 	6/17/1993	 	Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated	 	100.0%	
Consolidated Beverage Co.	 	Delaware	 	1/8/1997	 	Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated	 	100.0%	
Consolidated Real Estate Group, LLC	 	North Carolina	 	1/4/2000	 	Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated	 	100.0%	
Data Ventures, Inc.	 	North Carolina	 	9/25/2006	 	Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated	 	100.0%	
Heath Oil Co., Inc.	 	South Carolina	 	9/9/1986	 	CCBCC Operations, LLC	 	100.0%	
TXN, Inc.	 	Delaware	 	1/3/1990	 	Data Ventures, Inc.	 	100.0%	
Tennessee Soft Drink Production Company	 	Tennessee	 	12/22/1988	 	CCBCC Operations, LLC	 	100.0%	
Piedmont Coca-Cola Bottling Partnership	 	Delaware	 	7/2/1993	 	Coca-Cola Ventures, Inc.	 	77.3%	
CCBC of Wilmington, Inc.	 	Delaware	 	6/17/1993	 	Piedmont Coca-Cola Bottling Partnership	 	100.0%	
Swift Water Logistics, Inc.	 	North Carolina	 	4/24/2006	 	Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated	 	100.0%	
Data Ventures Europe BV	 	Netherlands	 	1/23/2007	 	Data Ventures, Inc.	 	100.0%	
Equipment Reutilization Solutions, LLC	 	North Carolina	 	4/12/2010	 	CCBCC Operations, LLC	 	100.0%	
Red Classic Services, LLC	 	North Carolina	 	11/19/2010	 	Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated	 	100.0%	
Red Classic Equipment, LLC	 	North Carolina	 	11/19/2010	 	Red Classic Services, LLC	 	100.0%	
Red Classic Transportation Services, LLC	 	North Carolina	 	11/19/2010	 	Red Classic Services, LLC	 	100.0%	
Red Classic Transit, LLC	 	North Carolina	 	11/19/2010	 	Red Classic Transportation Services, LLC	 	100.0%	
Red Classic Contractor, LLC	 	North Carolina	 	11/19/2010	 	Red Classic Transportation Services, LLC	 	100.0%	

 
Exhibit 23
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statement on Form S-3 (No. 333-195927) and Form S-8 (No. 333-181345) of Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated of our report dated March 14, 2017 relating to the financial statements, financial statement schedule and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, which appears in this Form 10-K.
 
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Charlotte, North Carolina
March 14, 2017

 
Exhibit 31.1
MANAGEMENT CERTIFICATION
I, J. Frank Harrison, III, certify that:
1.	I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated;	

2.	Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;	

3.	Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;	

4.	The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:	

 	a)	Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;	

 	b)	Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;	

 	c)	Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and	

 	d)	Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and	

5.	The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):	

 	a)	All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and	

 	b)	Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.	
 
 	 	/s/  J. Frank Harrison, III	 	
Date:  March 14, 2017	 	J. Frank Harrison, III	 	
 	 	Chairman of the Board of Directors	 	
 	 	and Chief Executive Officer	 	

 
Exhibit 31.2
MANAGEMENT CERTIFICATION
I, Clifford M. Deal, III, certify that:
1.	I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated;	

2.	Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;	

3.	Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;	

4.	The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:	

 	a)	Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;	

 	b)	Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;	

 	c)	Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and	

 	d)	Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and	

5.	The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):	

 	a)	All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and	

 	b)	Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.	
 
 	 	/s/  Clifford M. Deal, III	 	
Date:  March 14, 2017	 	Clifford M. Deal, III	 	
 	 	Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer	 	

 
Exhibit 32
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Annual Report of Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the year ended January 1, 2017, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), we, J. Frank Harrison, III, Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, and Clifford M Deal, III, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350 as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:
(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

/s/ J. Frank Harrison, III	
J. Frank Harrison, III	
Chairman of the Board of Directors and	
Chief Executive Officer	
March 14, 2017	

/s/ Clifford M. Deal, III	
Clifford M. Deal, III	
Senior Vice President,	
Chief Financial Officer	
March 14, 2017